【摘要】：目前,中國城市交通工具中汽車仍占主要地位,大量的汽車易造成城市交通擁堵、環(huán)境污染嚴重等問題。為了應對這些問題,現(xiàn)代有軌電車憑借載客量大、安全舒適、節(jié)能環(huán)保、快速便捷等優(yōu)點,在全世界范圍內(nèi)得到廣泛使用。車地無線通信系統(tǒng)作為現(xiàn)代有軌電車運營控制系統(tǒng)中的重要組成部分,直接關系著行車安全與行車效率,運營監(jiān)控中心必須準確可靠的獲取車輛實時運行狀態(tài),才能完成對車輛的運行狀況全程追蹤及故障告警和預警等任務。所以,對現(xiàn)代有軌電車車地無線通信關鍵技術進行研究,建立一套實時、可靠、穩(wěn)定的車地無線通信系統(tǒng)有著重要意義。本文針對現(xiàn)代有軌電車數(shù)據(jù)傳輸?shù)膶崟r性與可靠性,研究了車地無線通信系統(tǒng)的框架,實現(xiàn)了基于GPRS公共網(wǎng)絡和TCP協(xié)議的無線通信,以及制定了保障數(shù)據(jù)可靠性傳輸?shù)臋C制。首先,文章分析了目前常見的現(xiàn)代有軌電車車地無線通信系統(tǒng)所使用的網(wǎng)絡接入方案,對比后選取更符合本系統(tǒng)需求的GPRS網(wǎng)絡,在此基礎上構建通信系統(tǒng)的總體框架。其次,對車載通信平臺和地面通信平臺的硬件和軟件進行分析與設計。車載設備由控制單元、無線通信模塊、定位模塊、存儲模塊、顯示模塊等構成,地面通信平臺由一個基于TCP協(xié)議的Socket通信服務器端軟件和WEB網(wǎng)站等構成。為了進一步提高數(shù)據(jù)傳輸?shù)目煽啃耘c實時性,從通信過程中的多個階段提出了可靠性保障機制:根據(jù)私有協(xié)議制定數(shù)據(jù)包格式;使用兩個SIM900A模塊與TCP服務器端軟件建立兩個TCP連接的雙機冗余方式;制定不同情況下的傳輸應答機制;傳輸數(shù)據(jù)使用TCP Socket、HTTP POST的主備方式,在TCP服務器端軟件出現(xiàn)故障時,WEB網(wǎng)站中的一個PHP頁面作為接口接收數(shù)據(jù)。最后,對系統(tǒng)運行進行了測試分析,結果表明數(shù)據(jù)傳輸穩(wěn)定可靠,出錯概率和延時都在允許范圍內(nèi),使用的數(shù)據(jù)可靠性傳輸機制有效提高了車地通信的可靠性與實時性。
[Abstract]:At present, cars still play a major role in urban transportation in China, a large number of cars are easy to cause urban traffic congestion, serious environmental pollution and other problems. In order to deal with these problems, modern tram has been widely used all over the world because of its large passenger capacity, safety and comfort, energy saving and environmental protection, fast and convenient and so on. As an important part of modern tram operation and control system, vehicle-ground wireless communication system is directly related to driving safety and driving efficiency. The operation monitoring center must obtain the real-time running state of the vehicle accurately and reliably in order to complete the tasks of tracking the whole running condition of the vehicle, fault alarm and early warning. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the key technologies of modern tram wireless communication and to establish a set of real-time, reliable and stable vehicle-ground wireless communication system. Aiming at the real-time and reliability of modern tram data transmission, this paper studies the framework of vehicle-ground wireless communication system, realizes wireless communication based on GPRS public network and TCP protocol, and formulates the mechanism to ensure data reliability transmission. First of all, this paper analyzes the network access scheme used in the modern tram ground wireless communication system, and then selects the GPRS network which is more in line with the needs of the system, on the basis of which the overall framework of the communication system is constructed. Secondly, the hardware and software of vehicle communication platform and ground communication platform are analyzed and designed. The vehicle equipment is composed of control unit, wireless communication module, positioning module, storage module, display module and so on. The ground communication platform is composed of a Socket communication server software based on TCP protocol and WEB website. In order to further improve the reliability and real-time performance of data transmission, a reliability guarantee mechanism is proposed from several stages in the communication process: making packet format according to private protocol, using two SIM900A modules and TCP server-side software to establish two TCP connections, establishing transmission response mechanism under different conditions. When the TCP server software fails, a PHP page in the WEB website receives the data as an interface. Finally, the operation of the system is tested and analyzed. The results show that the data transmission is stable and reliable, and the error probability and delay are within the allowable range. The data reliability transmission mechanism effectively improves the reliability and real-time performance of vehicle-ground communication.
【學位授予單位】：蘭州交通大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：U482.1;TN929.532

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