本文關(guān)鍵詞：Q6兒童假人腹部腰椎有限元模型的建立及驗(yàn)證　出處：《湖南大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： Q6兒童假人 有限元模型 腹部腰椎 逆向工程 材料參數(shù)反求技術(shù)

【摘要】：汽車碰撞兒童假人是用于研究碰撞過程中兒童損傷機(jī)理及評估汽車對兒童保護(hù)能力的重要工具。2013年歐洲經(jīng)濟(jì)委員會(ECE)開始對兒童安全法規(guī)進(jìn)行修改,Q系列兒童假人在新的法規(guī)中被提出用以替換以往使用的P系列兒童假人。然而目前并沒有公開的Q6兒童假人有限元模型可用于汽車碰撞有限元仿真,因此現(xiàn)階段研究Q6兒童假人各重要部件的有限元建模方法有著重要意義。本文首先介紹了現(xiàn)有兒童假人的類型、開發(fā)兒童假人的常用方法以及Q6兒童假人的結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)和主要參數(shù)。針對Q6兒童假人的不同部位采用直接建模法和基于逆向工程的三維激光掃描法以及CT掃描法,建立了精確的Q6兒童假人幾何模型,并利用新型排水法和方程法對Q6兒童假人關(guān)鍵部位的材料密度進(jìn)行反求。在建立的Q6兒童假人幾何模型的基礎(chǔ)上,對其腹部和腰椎進(jìn)行了細(xì)致的網(wǎng)格劃分,并參照現(xiàn)有兒童假人有限元模型選取合理的材料模型和材料參數(shù)初值。為了獲得準(zhǔn)確的腹部材料參數(shù),本文采用結(jié)合有限元仿真和設(shè)計(jì)試驗(yàn)通過優(yōu)化手段反求材料參數(shù)的方法。對假人腹部進(jìn)行壓縮試驗(yàn)獲得優(yōu)化目標(biāo)曲線,同時(shí)建立模擬腹部壓縮試驗(yàn)的有限元仿真模型,通過LS-OPT軟件對各材料參數(shù)的靈敏度分析確定優(yōu)化變量,采用基于縱坐標(biāo)的曲線匹配法和混合遺傳算法最終得到反求后的材料參數(shù)值。最后建立了模擬Q6兒童假人腹部標(biāo)定試驗(yàn)的仿真模型,仿真結(jié)果表明該有限元模型滿足標(biāo)定要求,驗(yàn)證了所建立Q6兒童假人腹部有限元模型的有效性。對于Q6兒童假人腰椎有限元模型,建立了模擬腰椎正向標(biāo)定試驗(yàn)的仿真模型,對比已知試驗(yàn)曲線,初步驗(yàn)證了腰椎所選取材料模型和材料參數(shù)初值的可靠性。通過同樣的材料參數(shù)反求方法,對腰椎關(guān)鍵材料參數(shù)進(jìn)行優(yōu)化,最終優(yōu)化后的腰椎有限元模型完全滿足標(biāo)定要求,從而驗(yàn)證所建立Q6兒童假人腰椎有限元模型的有效性。
[Abstract]:Car crash child dummy is an important tool for studying the mechanism of child injury and evaluating the ability of automobile to protect children during collision. Economic Commission for Europe (ECEE) 2013. Amendments to child safety regulations have been initiated. Q series child dummy is proposed in the new regulations to replace the P series children dummy used in the past. However, there is no open Q6 child dummy finite element model which can be used in vehicle crash finite element simulation. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the finite element modeling method of the important parts of Q6 child dummy at this stage. Firstly, this paper introduces the existing types of children dummy. The common methods of developing child dummy and the structure characteristics and main parameters of Q6 child dummy were developed. Direct modeling method, 3D laser scanning method based on reverse engineering and CT scan were used for different parts of Q6 child dummy. Drawing. A precise geometric model of Q6 child dummy was established, and the material density of the key parts of Q6 child dummy was inversely calculated by using new drainage method and equation method, based on the established geometric model of Q6 child dummy. The abdomen and lumbar vertebrae were divided carefully, and the reasonable material model and the initial value of material parameters were selected according to the existing finite element model of children dummy, in order to obtain accurate abdominal material parameters. In this paper, the optimal target curve is obtained by compression test on the abdomen of dummy by using the method of optimizing material parameters by combining finite element simulation and design experiment. At the same time, the finite element simulation model is established to simulate abdominal compression test, and the optimization variables are determined by the sensitivity analysis of each material parameter by LS-OPT software. The curve matching method based on the ordinate and the hybrid genetic algorithm were used to get the material parameter value. Finally, the simulation model was established to simulate the abdominal calibration test of Q6 child dummy. The simulation results show that the finite element model meets the calibration requirements and verifies the effectiveness of the established finite element model of Q6 child dummy abdomen. The simulation model of simulating lumbar vertebrae forward calibration test is established, and the reliability of the selected material model and the initial value of material parameter is preliminarily verified by comparing the known experimental curves. The key material parameters of lumbar vertebrae were optimized, and the optimized finite element model of lumbar vertebrae fully met the calibration requirements, thus validating the validity of the Q6 child dummy lumbar spine finite element model.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：U467.14

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1 張同旭;Q6兒童假人腹部腰椎有限元模型的建立及驗(yàn)證[D];湖南大學(xué);2016年

2 周加冬;Q6兒童假人頭頸部有限元模型的建立及驗(yàn)證[D];湖南大學(xué);2014年

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本文編號：1437207