【摘要】：城市機(jī)動(dòng)化的快速發(fā)展,使交通需求與交通供給之間的矛盾不斷擴(kuò)大,從而產(chǎn)生了諸如交通擁堵、交通環(huán)境污染、交通事故頻發(fā)等交通問題。交通規(guī)劃是一種提供交通設(shè)施的方案,若能編制科學(xué)合理的交通規(guī)劃,可以從源頭上避免或減少交通問題的發(fā)生。然而,常用的交通規(guī)劃編制方法是一種定性的方法,缺乏對(duì)實(shí)際網(wǎng)絡(luò)用戶出行行為的考慮,這種規(guī)劃方案實(shí)施之后,常會(huì)出現(xiàn)交通改善不明顯甚至交通問題加劇的現(xiàn)象,同時(shí)也浪費(fèi)了有限的投入資金。因此,在有限的投入資金情況下,在考慮網(wǎng)絡(luò)用戶出行行為的基礎(chǔ)上,定量地研究交通網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)計(jì)問題有著重要的應(yīng)用價(jià)值。本文首先深入分析了高維多目標(biāo)交通網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)計(jì)問題的相關(guān)基礎(chǔ)理論。然后在詳述雙層規(guī)劃模型、多目標(biāo)優(yōu)化模型及典型交通網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)計(jì)模型的基礎(chǔ)上,從政府多部門決策和用戶出行行為的角度出發(fā),構(gòu)建了同時(shí)優(yōu)化系統(tǒng)阻抗、尾氣排放、投資費(fèi)用、飽和度和用戶出行行為目標(biāo)的離散交通網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)計(jì)雙層規(guī)劃模型。其中,上層規(guī)劃模型將多個(gè)優(yōu)化目標(biāo)化成多個(gè)單目標(biāo)建模,路段通行能力增量約束據(jù)規(guī)劃通行能力設(shè)置；下層規(guī)劃模型采用固定需求下的用戶平衡配流模型。隨后,為了對(duì)構(gòu)建的模型進(jìn)行有效求解,從保證求解算法良好的收斂性和分布性的角度出發(fā),在第2代非劣排序遺傳算法(Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm Ⅱ,簡稱NSGA-Ⅱ)的基礎(chǔ)上,基于第k小距離雙層截?cái)嗖呗宰隽烁倪M(jìn),設(shè)計(jì)了改進(jìn)的NSGA-Ⅱ,并采用Matlab語言開發(fā)了相應(yīng)的算法程序。最后,以Nguyen-Dupuis網(wǎng)絡(luò)作為算例,通過對(duì)比分析NSGA-Ⅱ和改進(jìn)的NSGA-Ⅱ?qū)θS、四維優(yōu)化模型的求解結(jié)果,證明了改進(jìn)的NSGA-Ⅱ可以有效求解基本的高維多目標(biāo)離散交通網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)計(jì)模型,并結(jié)合相關(guān)專業(yè)知識(shí),得到了8個(gè)交通網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)計(jì)優(yōu)化方案。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of urban motorization, the contradiction between traffic demand and traffic supply has been enlarged, resulting in traffic problems such as traffic congestion, traffic environment pollution, frequent traffic accidents and so on. Traffic planning is a scheme to provide transportation facilities. If we can draw up scientific and reasonable traffic planning, we can avoid or reduce the occurrence of traffic problems at the source. However, the commonly used traffic planning method is a qualitative method, which lacks consideration of the travel behavior of actual network users. After the implementation of this planning scheme, traffic improvement is not obvious and even traffic problems are aggravated. At the same time, it is a waste of limited investment. Therefore, under the condition of limited investment and taking into account the travel behavior of network users, quantitative research on traffic network design has important application value. In this paper, the basic theory of high-dimensional multi-objective traffic network design is analyzed. Then, on the basis of describing the bilevel programming model, multi-objective optimization model and typical traffic network design model, from the angle of government multi-department decision-making and user travel behavior, the system impedance and exhaust emission are optimized at the same time. A two-level programming model for discrete traffic network design with investment cost saturation and user travel behavior objectives. Among them, the upper planning model transforms multiple optimization objectives into multiple single-objective models, and the incremental capacity of road sections is constrained according to the planned capacity setting; the lower level programming model adopts the user equilibrium assignment model under fixed demand. Then, in order to solve the model effectively, in order to ensure the good convergence and distribution of the algorithm, based on the second generation of non-inferior sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA- 鈪，

本文編號(hào)：2429112