【摘要】：特殊的地形條件造就了山地城市道路多陡坡和多彎道的特點，使得公交運行在復雜的環(huán)境中，引發(fā)的公交安全事故往往比較嚴重。在政府大力提倡公交出行和公交快速發(fā)展的形勢下，如何保障山地城市公交運行速度的安全性是一項意義重大的工作，因此，對山地城市公交運行速度進行研究很有必要。 論文首先從山地城市路網(wǎng)特點、山地城市公交線網(wǎng)特點兩個方面進行了分析，總結(jié)了山地城市公交組成、居民公交出行特點和山地城市公交運行特點。其次，，對公交運行速度相關(guān)概念進行闡述，分別從人、車、路和環(huán)境等方面深入分析了山地城市公交運行速度的影響因素。接著介紹了山地城市不同路段及公交進、出站過程中公交運行速度調(diào)查方法，對調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)進行整理分析，重點分析了道路條件與運行速度之間的關(guān)系，總結(jié)了不同道路等級下不同路段公交運行速度的變化規(guī)律。然后，對路段實測數(shù)據(jù)進行多元線性回歸，在平直路段建立了運行速度與初速度和運行距離兩個因素的關(guān)系模型；縱坡路段建立了運行速度與初速度、運行距離和縱坡坡度的關(guān)系模型；平曲、彎坡路段則建立了運行速度與初速度、轉(zhuǎn)彎半徑和縱坡坡度的關(guān)系模型，在考慮交通量、社會車輛、天氣條件等因素的基礎(chǔ)上對模型進行了修正；在公交站臺影響區(qū)運行速度模型方面，以路阻函數(shù)為基礎(chǔ)分別建立了公交車輛進站階段和出站階段的運行速度模型。最后，在對重慶市近幾年公交安全事故和國內(nèi)外運行速度和安全關(guān)系研究的基礎(chǔ)上，以公交運行速度、相鄰路段公交運行速度連續(xù)性和運行速度與設(shè)計速度的速度差三個指標建立了基于vague物元的公交安全運行速度判斷體系，實現(xiàn)了對山地城市公交運行速度安全性判定。 通過本文的研究，建立了山地城市公交運行速度與初速度、運行距離、半徑和坡度的關(guān)系模型以及公交車輛進、出站階段的運行速度模型，并對運行速度安全等級進行判定，得到了公交運行速度的安全等級，對確定公交限速值有一定的借鑒意義。
[Abstract]:The special terrain conditions bring up the characteristics of many steep slopes and many bends on the roads in mountainous cities, which make the public transport run in a complex environment, and the public transport safety accidents are often serious. Under the situation that the government strongly advocates the public transport travel and the rapid development of public transport, how to guarantee the safety of the running speed of public transport in mountainous cities is a significant work. Therefore, it is necessary to study the running speed of public transport in mountainous cities. Firstly, the paper analyzes the characteristics of mountainous city network and the characteristics of mountain city bus network, and summarizes the composition of mountain city public transport, the characteristics of residents' public transport travel and the characteristics of mountain city's public transport operation. Secondly, the related concepts of bus speed are expounded, and the influencing factors of bus speed in mountainous cities are analyzed from the aspects of person, vehicle, road and environment. Secondly, the paper introduces the investigation method of bus running speed in different sections and bus entry and exit of mountainous cities, analyzes the investigation data, and analyzes the relationship between the road condition and the running speed. This paper summarizes the changing law of bus speed under different road grades. Then, the multivariate linear regression of the measured data is carried out, and the model of the relationship between the running speed and the initial speed and the running distance is established in the straight section. The relationship model between running speed and initial speed, running distance and slope degree is established. The relationship model between running speed and initial speed, turning radius and slope gradient is established, and the model is modified on the basis of taking traffic volume, social vehicle, weather conditions and other factors into account. In the aspect of the operation speed model of the affected area of the bus station, based on the road resistance function, the running speed model of the public transport vehicle in the stage of entering and leaving the station is established respectively. Finally, on the basis of the research on the safety accidents of public transport in Chongqing in recent years and the relationship between operation speed and safety at home and abroad, the running speed of public transport is taken as the basis. Three indexes of bus running speed continuity and speed difference between design speed and running speed of adjacent road sections are established based on vague matter-element to judge the safe running speed of public transport in mountainous cities. Through the research of this paper, the relationship model between the running speed and the initial speed, the running distance, the radius and the slope of the bus in and out of the mountain city is established, and the speed model of the bus in and out of the station is established, and the safety grade of the running speed is determined. The safety grade of bus running speed is obtained, which is useful for determining the bus speed limit.
【學位授予單位】：重慶交通大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U491.17

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