本文選題：安全通信 + 隱私保護　； 參考：《中國地質大學(北京)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：自1886年1月德國工程師研制成功的真正意義上的汽車出現(xiàn)在世人眼前,汽車發(fā)展經歷了100多年的風雨。從蒸汽到柴油到汽油乃至今天的電力驅動,汽車經歷了全手動、半自動到無人駕駛時期。人們日常生活不可或缺的其他交通工具,正在被車輛悄然代替并取代[1]。車輛數(shù)量急劇增加,這使我們看到越來越多的問題出現(xiàn):能源浪費、廢氣污染、道路壓力大、運輸效率低、車輛管理監(jiān)控難、數(shù)據(jù)龐大難以處理、安全隱私隱患等。車聯(lián)網(IoV)技術在很大程度上解決了如今存在的交通堵塞、交通事故頻發(fā)等問題。在實現(xiàn)車與車V2V、車與路邊設施V2I通信的過程中,車輛自組織網(Ad-Hoc)給予了關鍵的技術支持。但是無線網絡連接導致車間通信完全暴露在空氣中,其開放性嚴重威脅著車輛的安全和隱私。國內外諸多學者展開了對于車聯(lián)網隱私安全的研究。對于車輛的隱私安全,可以分為兩類:位置隱私保護、身份隱私保護。目前從三個方面著手:LBS位置隱私保護、網絡訪問認證控制、安全通信[2]。通過系統(tǒng)分析針對不同的隱私威脅的解決方法:LBS隱私保護常用算法K-匿名;基于云架構的證書認證;群簽、環(huán)簽等可以實現(xiàn)安全通信。分析不同模型優(yōu)缺點,本文提出一種基于云協(xié)助認證的環(huán)簽名模型,結合改進的環(huán)簽名技術,提出RSU節(jié)點輔助成環(huán)策略,構建多層云身份認證和假名管理系統(tǒng)。增加計算難度、延長攻擊查詢時間、降低攻擊風險,有效的防止隱私泄露,保證通信安全。該模型的仿真實驗是于Cygwin上安裝NS2網絡仿真工具進行仿真。通過對車輛通信過程中隨機產生車輛和RSU節(jié)點,進行隨機干預和模仿通信。初步實驗結果表明改進的環(huán)簽名技術在RSU輔助下,形成環(huán)的概率提高了很多,通過系統(tǒng)的多層云身份認證體系,在一定程度上提高了車輛的通信安全和身份隱私保護[3]。本文中作者的主要工作和貢獻:1、詳細介紹車聯(lián)網有關概念,拆解其關鍵技術;分析車聯(lián)網安全和隱私面臨的各類攻擊和威脅;隱私保護研究現(xiàn)狀;介紹隱私保護常用算法、加密技術、協(xié)議標準和典型解決方案等2、改進已有環(huán)簽名算法,加入RSU輔助成環(huán),融合多層云認證體系,構建此模型同時實現(xiàn)車聯(lián)網的身份隱私和通信安全。3、搭建網絡仿真環(huán)境,進行初步仿真實驗。
[Abstract]:Since January 1886, German engineers successfully developed the true meaning of the automobile appeared in the eyes of the world, automobile development has experienced more than 100 years of wind and rain. From steam to diesel to gasoline to today's electric drive, cars have gone through full manual, semi-automatic to driverless periods. Other means of transportation, which are indispensable to people's daily lives, are being quietly replaced by vehicles [1]. The number of vehicles increases rapidly, which makes us see more and more problems: energy waste, exhaust gas pollution, high road pressure, low transport efficiency, difficult vehicle management and monitoring, huge data difficult to deal with, hidden dangers of safety and privacy, and so on. Vehicle networking (IoV) technology solves the problems of traffic jams and traffic accidents to a great extent. In the process of realizing the communication between vehicle and vehicle V2V, vehicle and roadside facility V2I, Ad-Hoc gives the key technical support. However, wireless network connection makes workshop communication completely exposed to the air, and its openness seriously threatens the safety and privacy of vehicles. Many scholars at home and abroad have carried out research on the privacy security of vehicle networking. For vehicle privacy security, can be divided into two categories: location privacy protection, identity privacy protection. At present, there are three aspects: privacy protection of LBS location, network access authentication control, secure communication [2]. Through the systematic analysis of the solutions to different privacy threats, the common privacy protection algorithms K- anonymity, certificate authentication based on cloud architecture, group tags, ring tags and so on, can realize secure communication. After analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of different models, this paper proposes a ring signature model based on cloud assisted authentication. Combined with the improved ring signature technology, the RSU node-assisted ring-forming strategy is proposed to construct multi-layer cloud identity authentication and pseudonym management system. Increase computational difficulty, extend attack query time, reduce attack risk, effectively prevent privacy disclosure, and ensure communication security. The simulation experiment of this model is carried out by installing NS2 network simulation tools on Cygwin. The vehicle and RSU nodes are randomly generated in the course of vehicle communication, and the random intervention and imitation communication are carried out. The preliminary experimental results show that the improved ring signature technique can improve the probability of ring formation with the help of RSU, and improve the communication security and privacy protection of the vehicle to some extent through the multi-layer cloud identity authentication system of the system. In this paper, the author's main work and contribution: 1, detailed introduction of the concept of car networking, dismantling of its key technologies; analysis of various attacks and threats to the security and privacy of vehicle networking; current status of privacy protection research; introduction of common algorithms for privacy protection, Encryption technology, protocol standards and typical solutions, etc. 2, improve the existing ring signature algorithm, add RSU auxiliary ring, merge multi-layer cloud authentication system, The model is constructed to realize the identity privacy and communication security. 3. The network simulation environment is built and the preliminary simulation experiment is carried out.
【學位授予單位】：中國地質大學(北京)
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：U495

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