持久性有機(jī)鹵素化合物對(duì)生產(chǎn)源區(qū)人體暴露影響的研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-10-26 11:20
【摘要】：持久性有機(jī)鹵素化合物(Persistent halogenated organic compounds)所引起的環(huán)境污染問(wèn)題已經(jīng)受到全球的廣泛關(guān)注。本研究中探討的有機(jī)鹵素化合物是多溴聯(lián)苯醚(PBDEs)、多氯聯(lián)苯(PCBs)、有機(jī)氯農(nóng)藥(OCPs)、德克隆(DP)、五溴苯(PBBz)和五溴甲苯(PBT)這幾類曾經(jīng)大量使用或者正在使用的化合物。由于PCBs和OCPs的環(huán)境持久性與生物毒性已被陸續(xù)發(fā)現(xiàn),目前這些物質(zhì)已在全球或部分地區(qū)禁止生產(chǎn)或使用。PBDEs因其優(yōu)越的阻燃性能而被大量用作阻燃劑,但由于其具有環(huán)境持久性和潛在生物毒性,目前全球范圍內(nèi)已禁止生產(chǎn)和使用五溴聯(lián)苯醚和八溴聯(lián)苯醚,歐盟及美國(guó)部分地區(qū)也已開(kāi)始禁止十溴聯(lián)苯醚的生產(chǎn)和使用。DP作為滅蟻靈和BDE-209的替代品已經(jīng)在部分國(guó)家開(kāi)始生產(chǎn)和使用,但目前關(guān)于其毒性的研究較少。目前關(guān)于PBBz和PBT的生產(chǎn)現(xiàn)狀與毒性作用均缺乏具體的數(shù)據(jù)與研究。近年來(lái),關(guān)于這些持久性有機(jī)鹵素化合物對(duì)人體暴露的影響引起了公眾的廣泛關(guān)注。本研究測(cè)定了溴代阻燃劑生產(chǎn)源區(qū)山東濰坊地區(qū)大氣樣本中PCBs、 OCPs、PBDEs、DP、PBBz和PBT的濃度分別為1.7 pg/m3、330 pg/m3、140000 pg/m3、1.4 pg/m3、100 pg/m3和250 pg/m3。其中,PBDEs是濰坊地區(qū)大氣樣本中最主要的有機(jī)鹵素化合物,其含量高出其他有機(jī)鹵素化合物含量三個(gè)數(shù)量級(jí),與其他國(guó)家和地區(qū)相比,濰坊地區(qū)大氣中PBDEs水平較高。新型有機(jī)鹵素化合物DP、PBBz和PBT在濰坊地區(qū)大氣樣本中的檢出率為100%,表明新型有機(jī)鹵素化合物污染的普遍性。同時(shí),本研究測(cè)定了濰坊地區(qū)混合人血清樣本中PCBs、OCPs、PBDEs. DP、PBBz和PBT的含量。其中,OCPs和PBDEs為兩種主要的有機(jī)鹵素化合物,其含量平均值分別為1500 ng/g lipid和240 ng/g lipid。DP、PBT和PBBz在所有混合血清樣本中均有檢出率,其含量平均值分別為3.6 ng/g lipid, 4.9 ng/g lipid和1.4 ng/g lipid。各有機(jī)鹵素化合物在不同年齡段混合血清樣本中的暴露水平不同,其暴露趨勢(shì)與各有機(jī)鹵素化合物的生產(chǎn)使用歷史有關(guān)。此外,本研究發(fā)現(xiàn),濰坊地區(qū)混合血清樣本與濰坊地區(qū)大氣氣相樣本、大氣顆粒相樣本及大氣總(氣相±顆粒相)樣本中各有機(jī)鹵素化合物含量均呈顯著正相關(guān)關(guān)系(r0,p0.01),表明呼吸是生產(chǎn)源區(qū)居民攝入PCBs、OCPs、 PBDEs、DP、PBBz和PBT的重要途徑。此外,本研究測(cè)定了生產(chǎn)源區(qū)山東濰坊地區(qū)和對(duì)照區(qū)廣西南寧地區(qū)的單個(gè)血清樣本中PCBs、PBDEs和DP的水平。結(jié)果顯示,濰坊地區(qū)單個(gè)血清樣本中的各物質(zhì)的含量均高于南寧地區(qū)相應(yīng)物質(zhì)的水平。本研究同時(shí)檢測(cè)了兩個(gè)地區(qū)血清樣本中的5項(xiàng)甲狀腺指標(biāo),在此基礎(chǔ)上,分別研究了兩個(gè)地區(qū)各有機(jī)鹵素化合物對(duì)甲狀腺指標(biāo)的影響。多元線性回歸的分析結(jié)果顯示：濰坊地區(qū)單個(gè)血清樣本中T3的水平受∑DP和BDE-99濃度的影響,fT3的水平受anti-DP濃度的影響,T4的水平受ΣDL-PCBs濃度的影響,fT4與TSH的水平未顯示出與所檢測(cè)的各有機(jī)鹵素化合物濃度具有關(guān)聯(lián)性；南寧地區(qū)單個(gè)血清樣本中T3的水平受BDE-153和Σ10PBDEs濃度的影響,fT3的水平受PCB-118和PCB-170濃度的影響,T4的水平受PCB-156濃度的影響,TSH的水平受Σ10PBDEs濃度的影響。濰坊地區(qū)和南寧地區(qū)單個(gè)血清樣本中各有機(jī)鹵素化合物和甲狀腺指標(biāo)間均存在著不同的關(guān)聯(lián)性,即各有機(jī)鹵素化合物對(duì)濰坊地區(qū)和南寧地區(qū)單個(gè)血清樣本中甲狀腺指標(biāo)的影響不同,這種差異可能是由于兩個(gè)地區(qū)人群的自身特征及暴露水平不同造成的。
[Abstract]:The environmental pollution caused by persistent organic halogen compounds has attracted worldwide attention. The organic halogen compounds discussed in this study are polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), PCBs (PCBs), organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), German clones (DP), pentabromoene (PBBZ) and pentabromotoluene (PBT), which have been used in large quantities or are in use. Because of the environmental persistence and biotoxicity of PCBs and OCPs, these substances have been banned from production or use in the global or partial regions. PBDEs are widely used as flame retardants due to their superior flame retardant properties, but because of their environmental durability and potential biotoxicity, the production and use of pentaBDE and ocbrominated diphenyl ethers worldwide have been banned worldwide, The EU and some parts of the United States have also begun to ban the production and use of decaBDE. The DP, which is a substitute for mirex and BDE-209, has been produced and used in some countries, but there are few studies on its toxicity. At present, the production status and toxicity of PBBz and PBT are lack of specific data and research. In recent years, the effects of these persistent organic halogen compounds on human exposure have caused widespread public concern. In this study, the concentrations of PCBs, OCPs, PBDEs, DP, PBBz and PBT in the atmosphere samples from the production source area of Bromine fire retardant were 1. 7 pg/ m 3, 330 pg/ m 3, 140000 pg/ m 3, 1. 4 pg/ m 3, 100 pg/ m3 and 250 pg/ m 3, respectively. Among them, PBDEs are the most important organic halogen compounds in the atmospheric samples of the Songhua area, and the content of PBDEs is three orders of magnitude higher than that of other organic halogen compounds, and the PBDEs in the atmosphere are higher than those in other countries and regions. The detection rate of the novel organic halogen compounds DP, PBBz and PBT in the atmospheric samples in the Daya Bay area was 100%, indicating the universality of the new organic halogen compound pollution. At the same time, PCBs, OCPs, PBDEs in serum samples of mixed human serum were determined in this study. DP, PBBz and PBT. Among them, OCPs and PBDEs were two major organic halogen compounds with an average content of 1500 ng/ g lipoid and 240 ng/ g lipoid. DP, PBT and PBBz had detectable rates in all mixed serum samples with an average content of 3.6 ng/ g lipoid, 4.9ng/ g lipoid and 1. 4 ng/ g lipoid, respectively. The exposure levels of organic halogen compounds in mixed serum samples at different age groups were different, and their exposure trends were related to the history of production use of organic halogen compounds. in addition, that content of organic halogen compounds in the sample of mixed serum and atmospheric gas phase, atmospheric particle phase and total atmospheric gas phase (gas phase) were significantly positive correlation (r0, log10. 01). It is shown that breathing is an important way for the residents to take PCBs, OCPs, PBDEs, DP, PBBz and PBT. In addition, the levels of PCBs, PBDEs and DP were measured in the single serum samples in the area of the production source and in the Nanning area in the control area. The results showed that the contents of each substance in a single serum sample of the Han nationality region were higher than that of the corresponding substances in the Southern Ningxia region. In this study, five thyroid indexes in serum samples of two regions were tested, and the effects of organic halogen compounds on thyroid indexes were studied. The results of multivariate linear regression showed that the level of T3 in a single serum sample was affected by the concentration of CDDP and BDE-99, the level of fT3 was affected by the anti-DP concentration, and the level of T4 was affected by the concentration of DPDLs-PCBs. The level of fT4 and TSH did not show an association with the detected concentrations of organic halogen compounds; levels of T3 in a single serum sample in the Southern Ningxia region were affected by the concentrations of BDE-153 and F10PBDEs, the level of fT3 was affected by PCB-118 and PCB-170 concentrations, T4 levels were affected by PCB-156 concentrations, The level of TSH was affected by the concentration of palbociclib 10PBDEs. There is a different correlation between the organic halogen compounds and the thyroid indexes in the individual serum samples in the Southern and Southern Ningxia regions, that is, the effect of each organic halogen compound on the thyroid index in the individual serum samples in the Southern and Southern Ningxia regions is different. This difference may be due to the differences in their own characteristics and exposure levels in both regions.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中央民族大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：X592
本文編號(hào)：2295552
[Abstract]:The environmental pollution caused by persistent organic halogen compounds has attracted worldwide attention. The organic halogen compounds discussed in this study are polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), PCBs (PCBs), organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), German clones (DP), pentabromoene (PBBZ) and pentabromotoluene (PBT), which have been used in large quantities or are in use. Because of the environmental persistence and biotoxicity of PCBs and OCPs, these substances have been banned from production or use in the global or partial regions. PBDEs are widely used as flame retardants due to their superior flame retardant properties, but because of their environmental durability and potential biotoxicity, the production and use of pentaBDE and ocbrominated diphenyl ethers worldwide have been banned worldwide, The EU and some parts of the United States have also begun to ban the production and use of decaBDE. The DP, which is a substitute for mirex and BDE-209, has been produced and used in some countries, but there are few studies on its toxicity. At present, the production status and toxicity of PBBz and PBT are lack of specific data and research. In recent years, the effects of these persistent organic halogen compounds on human exposure have caused widespread public concern. In this study, the concentrations of PCBs, OCPs, PBDEs, DP, PBBz and PBT in the atmosphere samples from the production source area of Bromine fire retardant were 1. 7 pg/ m 3, 330 pg/ m 3, 140000 pg/ m 3, 1. 4 pg/ m 3, 100 pg/ m3 and 250 pg/ m 3, respectively. Among them, PBDEs are the most important organic halogen compounds in the atmospheric samples of the Songhua area, and the content of PBDEs is three orders of magnitude higher than that of other organic halogen compounds, and the PBDEs in the atmosphere are higher than those in other countries and regions. The detection rate of the novel organic halogen compounds DP, PBBz and PBT in the atmospheric samples in the Daya Bay area was 100%, indicating the universality of the new organic halogen compound pollution. At the same time, PCBs, OCPs, PBDEs in serum samples of mixed human serum were determined in this study. DP, PBBz and PBT. Among them, OCPs and PBDEs were two major organic halogen compounds with an average content of 1500 ng/ g lipoid and 240 ng/ g lipoid. DP, PBT and PBBz had detectable rates in all mixed serum samples with an average content of 3.6 ng/ g lipoid, 4.9ng/ g lipoid and 1. 4 ng/ g lipoid, respectively. The exposure levels of organic halogen compounds in mixed serum samples at different age groups were different, and their exposure trends were related to the history of production use of organic halogen compounds. in addition, that content of organic halogen compounds in the sample of mixed serum and atmospheric gas phase, atmospheric particle phase and total atmospheric gas phase (gas phase) were significantly positive correlation (r0, log10. 01). It is shown that breathing is an important way for the residents to take PCBs, OCPs, PBDEs, DP, PBBz and PBT. In addition, the levels of PCBs, PBDEs and DP were measured in the single serum samples in the area of the production source and in the Nanning area in the control area. The results showed that the contents of each substance in a single serum sample of the Han nationality region were higher than that of the corresponding substances in the Southern Ningxia region. In this study, five thyroid indexes in serum samples of two regions were tested, and the effects of organic halogen compounds on thyroid indexes were studied. The results of multivariate linear regression showed that the level of T3 in a single serum sample was affected by the concentration of CDDP and BDE-99, the level of fT3 was affected by the anti-DP concentration, and the level of T4 was affected by the concentration of DPDLs-PCBs. The level of fT4 and TSH did not show an association with the detected concentrations of organic halogen compounds; levels of T3 in a single serum sample in the Southern Ningxia region were affected by the concentrations of BDE-153 and F10PBDEs, the level of fT3 was affected by PCB-118 and PCB-170 concentrations, T4 levels were affected by PCB-156 concentrations, The level of TSH was affected by the concentration of palbociclib 10PBDEs. There is a different correlation between the organic halogen compounds and the thyroid indexes in the individual serum samples in the Southern and Southern Ningxia regions, that is, the effect of each organic halogen compound on the thyroid index in the individual serum samples in the Southern and Southern Ningxia regions is different. This difference may be due to the differences in their own characteristics and exposure levels in both regions.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中央民族大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：X592
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