【摘要】：傳統(tǒng)的火力發(fā)電方式以及一些規(guī)模較小的電力網(wǎng)絡(luò)中采用的柴油發(fā)電方式都是通過(guò)燃燒化石燃料來(lái)進(jìn)行發(fā)電的,但隨著社會(huì)的快速發(fā)展,用電需求越來(lái)越大,這些傳統(tǒng)的發(fā)電方式無(wú)疑會(huì)帶來(lái)嚴(yán)重的環(huán)境問(wèn)題。內(nèi)燃機(jī)在工農(nóng)業(yè)中的諸多方面均有廣泛應(yīng)用,燃?xì)鈨?nèi)燃發(fā)電機(jī)因其采用對(duì)環(huán)境友好的清潔能源(天然氣等)作為燃料,減少了對(duì)環(huán)境的污染,且具有體積小、運(yùn)行可靠、發(fā)電效率高等優(yōu)點(diǎn),因此發(fā)展?jié)摿薮�。本文在建立燃�(xì)鈨?nèi)燃發(fā)電機(jī)模型的基礎(chǔ)上,利用擴(kuò)張狀態(tài)觀測(cè)器,研究了提高燃?xì)鈨?nèi)燃發(fā)電機(jī)的動(dòng)態(tài)品質(zhì)的非線性魯棒控制技術(shù),并在單機(jī)無(wú)窮大系統(tǒng)和海上平臺(tái)多機(jī)系統(tǒng)中進(jìn)行了仿真分析。本文首先對(duì)內(nèi)燃機(jī)的工作原理進(jìn)行了介紹,并對(duì)內(nèi)燃機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速控制中的空燃比控制方式及點(diǎn)火提前角控制方式進(jìn)行了闡述,結(jié)合汽輪機(jī)在電力系統(tǒng)中的建模方法,在DIgSILENT/Powerfactory軟件平臺(tái)下,根據(jù)燃?xì)鈨?nèi)燃機(jī)的工作過(guò)程,建立了燃?xì)鈨?nèi)燃機(jī)及其調(diào)速系統(tǒng)的模型。并根據(jù)某廠家提供的燃?xì)鈨?nèi)燃發(fā)電機(jī)參數(shù),建立了燃?xì)鈨?nèi)燃機(jī)接入的單機(jī)無(wú)窮大系統(tǒng)模型,仿真驗(yàn)證了該建模方法的有效性。然后,介紹了擴(kuò)張狀態(tài)觀測(cè)器適用于任意階次系統(tǒng)中的參數(shù)設(shè)計(jì)方法,在該方法中,只要對(duì)補(bǔ)償矩陣的極點(diǎn)配置合理,擴(kuò)張狀態(tài)觀測(cè)器均能快速無(wú)超調(diào)的跟蹤系統(tǒng)狀態(tài)量的變化,并能實(shí)時(shí)估計(jì)系統(tǒng)模型的不確定變化及外部擾動(dòng)。基于擴(kuò)張狀態(tài)觀測(cè)器,研究了非線性魯棒控制技術(shù),結(jié)合線性最優(yōu)控制原理,將非線性系統(tǒng)簡(jiǎn)化為線性系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行控制設(shè)計(jì),并給出了仿真實(shí)例。應(yīng)用基于擴(kuò)張狀態(tài)觀測(cè)器的非線性魯棒控制技術(shù),對(duì)燃?xì)鈨?nèi)燃發(fā)電機(jī)的附加節(jié)氣門(mén)控制和附加勵(lì)磁控制進(jìn)行了設(shè)計(jì),并在單機(jī)無(wú)窮大系統(tǒng)中進(jìn)行了不同情況下的仿真分析。最后,本文選取了某海上平臺(tái)微電網(wǎng)中的三個(gè)平臺(tái)作為研究對(duì)象系統(tǒng),將6臺(tái)小型燃?xì)鈨?nèi)燃發(fā)電機(jī)接入其中構(gòu)成多機(jī)系統(tǒng),并將設(shè)計(jì)的附加節(jié)氣門(mén)控制和附加勵(lì)磁控制應(yīng)用于多機(jī)系統(tǒng)中的燃?xì)鈨?nèi)燃發(fā)電機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)中,仿真分析不同的情況下控制器的效果,仿真結(jié)果表明,設(shè)計(jì)的控制器能較好的提高系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)定性和魯棒性。
[Abstract]:The traditional thermal power generation method and some diesel power generation methods used in some smaller power networks are generated by burning fossil fuels, but with the rapid development of society, the demand for electricity is increasing. These traditional ways of generating electricity will undoubtedly bring serious environmental problems. Internal combustion engine is widely used in many aspects of industry and agriculture. Gas internal combustion generator uses environmentally friendly clean energy (natural gas, etc.) as fuel, which reduces the pollution to the environment, and has small volume and reliable operation. Power generation efficiency and other advantages, so the development potential is huge. In this paper, on the basis of establishing the model of gas internal combustion generator, the nonlinear robust control technology for improving the dynamic quality of gas internal combustion generator is studied by using the extended state observer. The simulation analysis is carried out in single machine infinite bus system and offshore platform multi-computer system. In this paper, the working principle of internal combustion engine is introduced, and the air-fuel ratio control mode and ignition advance angle control mode in internal combustion engine speed control are described, combined with the modeling method of steam turbine in power system. Under the DIgSILENT/Powerfactory software platform, according to the working process of the gas internal combustion engine, the model of the gas internal combustion engine and its speed regulation system is established. According to the parameters of gas internal combustion generator provided by a certain manufacturer, a single machine infinite bus system model connected to gas internal combustion engine is established, and the effectiveness of the modeling method is verified by simulation. Then, the parameter design method of extended state observer for arbitrary order systems is introduced. in this method, as long as the pole assignment of compensation matrix is reasonable, The extended state observer can track the change of the state quantity of the system quickly and without overshoot, and can estimate the uncertain change and external disturbance of the system model in real time. Based on the extended state observer, the nonlinear robust control technology is studied. combined with the linear optimal control principle, the nonlinear system is simplified to a linear system for control design, and a simulation example is given. The nonlinear robust control technology based on extended state observer is used to design the additional throttle control and additional excitation control of gas internal combustion generator, and the simulation analysis under different conditions is carried out in a single machine infinite bus system. Finally, three platforms of an offshore platform microgrid are selected as the research object system, and six small gas internal combustion generators are connected to it to form a multi-machine system. The designed additional throttle control and additional excitation control are applied to the gas internal combustion generator control system in multi-machine system. The effect of the controller is simulated and analyzed under different conditions. The simulation results show that, The designed controller can improve the stability and robustness of the system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)石油大學(xué)(華東)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TM31

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