本文選題：直線驅(qū)動(dòng) + 同步��； 參考：《西南交通大學(xué)》2014年博士論文

【摘要】：直線驅(qū)動(dòng)技術(shù)具有廣泛的應(yīng)用前景。目前,直線電機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)系統(tǒng)面臨的一個(gè)主要難題就是效率問(wèn)題,主要?dú)w結(jié)于兩個(gè)方面的原因,一是常規(guī)銅材料構(gòu)成的線圈在大電流下產(chǎn)生的歐姆熱損耗；二是常規(guī)(線圈)磁體產(chǎn)生電磁場(chǎng)的有效利用問(wèn)題。而超導(dǎo)材料以及超導(dǎo)應(yīng)用技術(shù)的研究和發(fā)展為解決此類問(wèn)題帶來(lái)了曙光。首先,超導(dǎo)材料的強(qiáng)載流能力(比銅導(dǎo)線高2-3個(gè)數(shù)量級(jí)以上)可以輕易產(chǎn)生常規(guī)磁體難以達(dá)到的高場(chǎng)強(qiáng),從而大幅提高動(dòng)子電樞受到的電磁推力,而且可以降低整套系統(tǒng)的體積和重量；其次,超導(dǎo)材料的零電阻特性又可以有效降低在大電流情況下的歐姆熱損耗。因此,超導(dǎo)技術(shù)與直線電機(jī)技術(shù)的結(jié)合必將對(duì)直線驅(qū)動(dòng)技術(shù)的研究和發(fā)展帶來(lái)新的動(dòng)力。 論文首先對(duì)直流型和脈沖電流型這兩種超導(dǎo)直線同步驅(qū)動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的工作原理進(jìn)行了理論分析。在對(duì)超導(dǎo)直線驅(qū)動(dòng)系統(tǒng)工作原理的理論分析基礎(chǔ)上,論文完成了直流型超導(dǎo)直線同步驅(qū)動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)研究。利用PSIM、Quartus Ⅱ、Ansoft (Maxwell與Simplorer)等軟件對(duì)電路部分、測(cè)控部分以及電樞的運(yùn)動(dòng)過(guò)程分別進(jìn)行了功能仿真與分析,仿真結(jié)果表明設(shè)計(jì)結(jié)果符合預(yù)期,驗(yàn)證了系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)的可行性。根據(jù)系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)結(jié)果,選擇適當(dāng)?shù)母鞣窒到y(tǒng)所需的硬件組成,構(gòu)建了由兩級(jí)超導(dǎo)定子線圈構(gòu)成的直流型低溫超導(dǎo)直線驅(qū)動(dòng)系統(tǒng)。通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)以及實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)與理論設(shè)計(jì)值之間的比較,說(shuō)明了設(shè)計(jì)的正確性以及利用超導(dǎo)技術(shù)實(shí)現(xiàn)直線驅(qū)動(dòng)技術(shù)的可行性。 同時(shí),論文對(duì)脈沖電流型超導(dǎo)直線驅(qū)動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的各部分組成進(jìn)行了分析與仿真計(jì)算,仿真結(jié)果表明脈沖型超導(dǎo)直線驅(qū)動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)主要在于如何實(shí)現(xiàn)超導(dǎo)定子線圈的電流波形以及定子線圈與電樞之間的互感梯度這兩個(gè)因素的最佳匹配關(guān)系,從而實(shí)現(xiàn)系統(tǒng)的最佳運(yùn)行性能。系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行參數(shù)的改變,可以實(shí)現(xiàn)不同的直線驅(qū)動(dòng)功能。比如不同的觸發(fā)位置,即可以實(shí)現(xiàn)不同步長(zhǎng)的步進(jìn)功能,又可以實(shí)現(xiàn)不同運(yùn)行速度的直線加速功能。 由于脈沖電流型超導(dǎo)直線驅(qū)動(dòng)系統(tǒng)在工作過(guò)程中,超導(dǎo)定子線圈將承受短暫的脈沖大電流沖擊,而且此電流值一般都會(huì)高于超導(dǎo)線圈的臨界電流值。超導(dǎo)定子線圈在承受此類過(guò)電流脈沖沖擊情況下是否仍能正常工作(不被損壞)關(guān)系到脈沖型超導(dǎo)直線驅(qū)動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的安全可靠性。因此論文最后對(duì)超導(dǎo)線圈在過(guò)電流情況下的工作安全性能進(jìn)行了研究。通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)可以看出,高溫超導(dǎo)帶材繞制而成的超導(dǎo)線圈,雖然其臨界電流小于實(shí)驗(yàn)中所需承受的脈沖電流峰值,但是超導(dǎo)線圈可以承受約為其臨界電流6倍的脈沖電流沖擊而不遭到損壞,并且在超過(guò)臨界電流的脈沖電流沖擊下其失超區(qū)域能夠快速恢復(fù)至超導(dǎo)狀態(tài)。高溫超導(dǎo)線圈的過(guò)電流沖擊能力體現(xiàn)了脈沖型高溫超導(dǎo)直線驅(qū)動(dòng)技術(shù)的可行性。
[Abstract]:Linear drive technology has a wide range of application prospects. At present, one of the main problems facing the linear motor drive system is the efficiency problem, which is mainly attributed to two reasons. One is the ohmic heat loss caused by the coils made of conventional copper materials at high current. The other is the efficient utilization of electromagnetic field produced by conventional magnets. The research and development of superconducting materials and superconducting application technology bring the dawn to solve these problems. First of all, the high current carrying capacity of superconducting materials (2-3 orders of magnitude higher than copper conductors) can easily produce high field strength that is difficult to achieve by conventional magnets, thus greatly increasing the electromagnetic thrust of the mover armature. Moreover, the volume and weight of the whole system can be reduced. Secondly, the zero resistance characteristic of the superconducting material can effectively reduce the ohmic heat loss under the condition of high current. Therefore, the combination of superconducting technology and linear motor technology will bring new power to the research and development of linear drive technology. In this paper, the working principle of two superconducting linear synchronous drive systems, DC type and pulse current mode, is analyzed theoretically. Based on the theoretical analysis of the working principle of the superconducting linear drive system, the design and research of the DC type superconducting linear synchronous drive system is completed in this paper. The functional simulation and analysis of the circuit part, the measurement and control part and the motion process of the armature are carried out by using the software PSIMI Quartus II / Ansoft (Maxwell and Simplorer). The simulation results show that the design results are in line with the expectation, and the feasibility of the system design is verified. According to the design results of the system, a DC type superconducting linear drive system composed of two stage superconducting stator coils is constructed by selecting the appropriate hardware components of each sub-system. The correctness of the design and the feasibility of using superconducting technology to realize linear drive are illustrated by comparing the experimental data and the theoretical design values. At the same time, the components of the pulse current type superconducting linear drive system are analyzed and simulated. The simulation results show that the design of the pulse superconducting linear drive system mainly lies in the realization of the current waveform of the superconducting stator coil and the optimal matching relationship between the two factors, namely, the mutual inductance gradient between the stator coil and the armature. In order to achieve the optimal performance of the system. With the change of system operating parameters, different linear driving functions can be realized. For example, different trigger positions can not only realize asynchronous long step function, but also realize linear acceleration function with different running speed. Because the pulse current type superconducting linear drive system works, the superconducting stator coil will withstand the short pulse high current shock, and this current value is generally higher than the critical current value of the superconducting coil. Whether the superconducting stator coil can still work properly (not damaged) under the condition of this kind of overcurrent pulse impulse is related to the safety and reliability of the pulse superconducting linear drive system. In the end, the safety performance of superconducting coil under overcurrent is studied. It can be seen from the experiment that the superconducting coil formed by high temperature superconducting tape is less than the peak value of the pulse current in the experiment, although the critical current is less than the peak value of the pulse current in the experiment. But the superconducting coil can withstand the impulse current shock of about 6 times its critical current without being damaged, and the superconducting region can be recovered to the superconducting state quickly under the impulse current over the critical current. The overcurrent impact capacity of HTS coils reflects the feasibility of pulsed HTS linear drive technology.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TM359.4

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