本文選題：變電站 + IEC61850　； 參考：《廣西大學(xué)》2014年博士論文

【摘要】：變電站是智能電網(wǎng)的關(guān)鍵節(jié)點(diǎn),承擔(dān)了電力系統(tǒng)電能傳輸和轉(zhuǎn)換任務(wù)。繼電保護(hù)是變電站最為重要的功能之一,是電力系統(tǒng)安全穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行的重要保障。我國第一代智能變電站通信網(wǎng)絡(luò)構(gòu)建以IEC61850標(biāo)準(zhǔn)為基礎(chǔ),采用過程總線通信,引入網(wǎng)絡(luò)交換機(jī),用簡單的過程總線光纖網(wǎng)絡(luò)取代傳統(tǒng)變電站一、二次設(shè)備間繁多的電纜聯(lián)接,并追加合并單元及智能終端對一次設(shè)備進(jìn)行智能化處理,使得數(shù)字化保護(hù)在物理結(jié)構(gòu)及功能運(yùn)行方面與傳統(tǒng)的繼電保護(hù)存在一定區(qū)別,其可靠性有待進(jìn)一步研究。另外,過程總線通信網(wǎng)絡(luò)所固有的缺陷可能會對繼電保護(hù)可靠性產(chǎn)生一定影響。準(zhǔn)確評估過程總線網(wǎng)絡(luò)性能,對保護(hù)系統(tǒng)可靠性分析及其網(wǎng)絡(luò)方案優(yōu)化設(shè)計具有十分重要意義。為了維持保護(hù)系統(tǒng)可靠性,需要對保護(hù)系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行預(yù)防性檢修。如何利用有限的維修資源使保護(hù)系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行在最佳狀態(tài)是一個值得研究的課題。 本文對上述問題進(jìn)行了深入研究,主要研究內(nèi)容及創(chuàng)新成果如下： 1)據(jù)交換式以太網(wǎng)的工作原理以及IEC61850定義的過程總線發(fā)布／訂閱機(jī)制,提出了通信網(wǎng)絡(luò)的最小空間模型。利用最小空間模型構(gòu)建過程總線通信網(wǎng)絡(luò)的最優(yōu)交換空間模型。給出了交換空間模型的多播組劃分方法,為過程總線網(wǎng)絡(luò)的優(yōu)化設(shè)計提供了理論依據(jù)。 2)深入研究了過程總線的兩種典型的數(shù)據(jù)阻塞模型(即,同步信號阻塞和非同步信號阻塞),針對QoS服務(wù)特性,推導(dǎo)以優(yōu)先級為目標(biāo)的數(shù)據(jù)傳輸延時計算公式。根據(jù)以太網(wǎng)的固有阻塞特性,提出了一種通過比較訂閱端數(shù)據(jù)到達(dá)時間的過程總線網(wǎng)絡(luò)時延評估算法。其特點(diǎn)是不需要同步時鐘源,測量精度高,可作為過程總線網(wǎng)絡(luò)性能的在線診斷工具。 3)開發(fā)了過程總線數(shù)據(jù)流量生成器和接收器,搭建了繼電保護(hù)數(shù)字化仿真平臺,實(shí)驗(yàn)測試了某一典型變電站的2種過程總線方案的網(wǎng)絡(luò)性能,驗(yàn)證了所提模型和方法的正確性。 4)提出了過程總線通信故障模型,從安全性和信賴性兩個方面,分析了通信故障對保護(hù)功能的影響。為了評估供電系統(tǒng)可靠性,建立了由通信故障引起的繼電保護(hù)拒動模型。根據(jù)采樣值傳輸特性,提出了過程總線通信故障的檢測方法。 5)根據(jù)國內(nèi)繼電保護(hù)設(shè)計準(zhǔn)則和IEC61850-90-4組網(wǎng)工程設(shè)計導(dǎo)則,提出了幾種典型過程總線組網(wǎng)方案。針對復(fù)雜系統(tǒng)可靠性分析,引入了改進(jìn)簡化割集算法,并對各種過程總線方案進(jìn)行了可靠性分析。 6)提出了分布式保護(hù)系統(tǒng)元件可靠性指標(biāo)分配方法,建立了以系統(tǒng)可靠性和設(shè)計費(fèi)用為目標(biāo)的最優(yōu)化分配模型,并采用評價函數(shù)法將多目標(biāo)問題轉(zhuǎn)化為單目標(biāo)問題求解出系統(tǒng)的Pareto最優(yōu)解。 7)采用狀態(tài)空間法建立了保護(hù)系統(tǒng)的維修模型,提出了保護(hù)系統(tǒng)的可維修性指標(biāo)分配方法。該項(xiàng)研究對數(shù)字化保護(hù)系統(tǒng)的運(yùn)行、檢修、維護(hù)等工作的合理安排具有十分重要的指導(dǎo)意義。
[Abstract]:Substation is the key node of smart grid, which undertakes the task of power transmission and conversion. Relay protection is one of the most important functions of substation and an important guarantee for the safe and stable operation of power system. The first generation intelligent substation communication network in our country is based on IEC61850 standard. It adopts process bus communication, introduces network switch, and replaces the cable connection between primary and secondary equipments of traditional substation with simple process bus fiber optic network. And the combination unit and intelligent terminal are added to process the primary equipment intelligently, which makes the digital protection different from the traditional relay protection in physical structure and function operation, and its reliability needs further study. In addition, the inherent defects of process bus communication network may affect the reliability of relay protection. Accurate evaluation of process bus network performance is of great significance to the reliability analysis of the protection system and the optimization design of the network scheme. In order to maintain the reliability of the protection system, preventive maintenance of the protection system is needed. How to make use of the limited maintenance resources to make the protection system run in the best condition is a subject worth studying. The main research contents and innovations are as follows: 1) according to the principle of switched Ethernet and the mechanism of process bus publish / subscribe defined by IEC 61850, The minimum space model of communication network is proposed. The optimal switching space model of process bus communication network is constructed by using minimum space model. In this paper, a method of multicast group partitioning for switched space model is presented, which provides a theoretical basis for the optimization design of process bus network. 2) two typical data blocking models of process bus are studied in detail. Synchronous signal blocking and asynchronous signal blocking), according to QoS service characteristics, the calculation formula of data transmission delay aiming at priority is derived. According to the inherent blocking characteristics of Ethernet, a process bus network delay evaluation algorithm is proposed by comparing the time of arrival of subscriber data. It is characterized by no need of synchronous clock source, high measurement accuracy, and can be used as an on-line diagnostic tool for process bus network performance. 3) A process bus data flow generator and receiver are developed, and a digital simulation platform for relay protection is built. The network performance of two process bus schemes in a typical substation is tested experimentally, and the correctness of the proposed model and method is verified. 4) A fault model of process bus communication is proposed, which is based on security and reliability. The influence of communication fault on protection function is analyzed. In order to evaluate the reliability of power supply system, a relay protection failure model caused by communication fault is established. According to the characteristics of sampling value transmission, the detection method of process bus communication fault is put forward. 5) according to the domestic relay protection design criteria and IEC 61850-90-4 network engineering design guidelines, several typical process bus networking schemes are proposed. For the reliability analysis of complex systems, an improved simplified cut set algorithm is introduced, and various process bus schemes are analyzed. 6) the reliability index allocation method of distributed protection system components is proposed. An optimal allocation model with the goal of system reliability and design cost is established. The multi-objective problem is transformed into a single objective problem to solve the Pareto optimal solution of the system. 7) the maintenance model of the protection system is established by using the state space method, and the maintainability index allocation method of the protection system is proposed. The research is of great significance to the operation, maintenance and maintenance of digital protection system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣西大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM77

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