【摘要】：隨著電力工業(yè)以及半導(dǎo)體工業(yè)的迅速發(fā)展,換流設(shè)備也隨著得到廣泛的應(yīng)用。與此同時(shí),大量非線性負(fù)荷增加,電壓畸變諧波污染嚴(yán)重,無功功率消耗嚴(yán)重等問題嚴(yán)重影響了供電質(zhì)量和電網(wǎng)的安全穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行。諧波的有效抑制和無功功率的動(dòng)態(tài)補(bǔ)償已成為我國電力事業(yè)工作人員的一大急需解決的課題。三相四線制供電方式是我國低壓配電網(wǎng)最主要的供電方式,而現(xiàn)在最為流行的無功補(bǔ)償裝置SVG在三相四線制電網(wǎng)中的應(yīng)用還不是很廣泛。本文著重分析了 SVG的工作原理,工作特性,電流控制方式等,分析了 SVG在三相四線制電網(wǎng)中的主電路拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu),并對(duì)他們做出分析對(duì)比,選擇了最適合本論文設(shè)計(jì)的拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)。解決諧波污染問題的一個(gè)重要方面是將變流器自身改進(jìn)成為單位功率因數(shù)變流器,而SVG變流裝置的主拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)電路采用多重化技術(shù)和PWM技術(shù)配合來減低諧波污染就是對(duì)這一原理的應(yīng)用,采用這樣控制技術(shù)的變流裝置其自身的高頻次諧波極易被過濾,低次數(shù)諧波也容易被消除。無功電流檢測(cè)的準(zhǔn)確與否直接制約了無功補(bǔ)償裝置的補(bǔ)償性能,本文主要分析對(duì)比了 SVG最常用最快捷的兩類諧波和無功電流檢測(cè)方法,并探討了這三種檢測(cè)方法建立的功率理論依據(jù)。通過公式推導(dǎo)和仿真分析指出:dq檢測(cè)方法能夠直接應(yīng)用于三相四線制電網(wǎng)的無功電流檢測(cè)當(dāng)中。在這點(diǎn)上,ip-iq檢測(cè)方法和pq檢測(cè)方法未能超過dq檢測(cè)法,需要進(jìn)行零序電流分離環(huán)節(jié)才可以適用在三相四線制電網(wǎng)中。本文還分析了上述三種諧波和無功電流檢測(cè)方法在電網(wǎng)不平衡運(yùn)行情況的無功電流檢測(cè)性能,通過仿真分析得出結(jié)論在電網(wǎng)電壓不平衡的情況下,由于鎖相環(huán)的未能準(zhǔn)確提取電網(wǎng)正序基波電壓,嚴(yán)重影響了受檢測(cè)的無功電流的準(zhǔn)確性和和檢測(cè)的快速性。本文針對(duì)傳統(tǒng)方法的不足提出了一種瞬時(shí)無功電流檢測(cè)方法的改進(jìn)方法,針對(duì)ip-iq法不能直接應(yīng)用于三相四線制電網(wǎng)中這個(gè)缺點(diǎn),提出了零序電流分離環(huán)節(jié);針對(duì)鎖相環(huán)對(duì)檢測(cè)方法帶來的誤差,用本文設(shè)計(jì)的幅值積分器來將其替代,其各個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)分別是:正序電壓獲得環(huán)節(jié),幅值積分器過濾交流分量環(huán)節(jié)。在ip-iq法的基礎(chǔ)上對(duì)改進(jìn)方法進(jìn)行了simulink仿真模擬,通過和傳統(tǒng)方法的對(duì)比驗(yàn)證了新方法檢測(cè)的準(zhǔn)確性和實(shí)時(shí)性。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of power industry and semiconductor industry, converter equipment has been widely used. At the same time, a large number of nonlinear load increases, voltage distortion harmonic pollution is serious, reactive power consumption and other problems seriously affect the quality of power supply and the safe and stable operation of the power network. The effective suppression of harmonics and the dynamic compensation of reactive power have become an urgent task for electric power workers in China. Three-phase four-wire power supply system is the most important power supply mode in low-voltage distribution network in China, but the most popular reactive power compensation device SVG is not widely used in three-phase four-wire power network. In this paper, the working principle, working characteristics and current control mode of SVG are analyzed, and the main circuit topology of SVG in three-phase four-wire power network is analyzed and compared. The topology which is most suitable for the design of this paper is selected. An important aspect of solving the problem of harmonic pollution is to improve the converter itself into a unit power factor converter. And the main topology circuit of SVG converter adopts the cooperation of multi-heavy technology and PWM technology to reduce harmonic pollution, which is the application of this principle. The high frequency and order harmonics of the converter with such control technology are easily filtered. Low-order harmonics are also easily eliminated. The accuracy of reactive current detection directly restricts the compensation performance of reactive power compensator. This paper mainly analyzes and compares the two kinds of harmonic and reactive current detection methods most commonly used and most quickly in SVG. The power theory basis of these three detection methods is also discussed. Through formula derivation and simulation analysis, it is pointed out that dq detection method can be directly applied to reactive current detection of three-phase four-wire power grid. At this point, the ip-iq detection method and the pq detection method can not exceed the dq detection method, and the zero-sequence current separation link is needed in order to be suitable for three-phase four-wire power network. This paper also analyzes the reactive current detection performance of the above three harmonic and reactive current detection methods in the unbalanced operation of the power network, and draws a conclusion through the simulation analysis that the power grid voltage is unbalanced. Due to the failure of PLL to accurately extract the fundamental voltage of the positive sequence of the power grid, the accuracy of the detected reactive current and the speed of detection are seriously affected. In this paper, an improved method of instantaneous reactive current detection is proposed to overcome the shortcomings of traditional methods. Aiming at the shortcoming that ip-iq method can not be directly applied to three-phase four-wire power grid, a zero-sequence current separation link is proposed. In view of the error caused by PLL to the detection method, the amplitude integrator designed in this paper is used to replace it. Each link is: positive sequence voltage acquisition link, amplitude integrator filter AC component link. Based on the ip-iq method, the improved method is simulated by simulink, and the accuracy and real-time performance of the new method are verified by comparing with the traditional method.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：沈陽農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TM930

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