本文選題：模塊化多電平 + 靜止無功補(bǔ)償器　； 參考：《華北電力大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著電力系統(tǒng)的逐步發(fā)展,電網(wǎng)當(dāng)中存在的諧波無功以及不對稱現(xiàn)象顯得越發(fā)突出,電力系統(tǒng)對電能質(zhì)量的要求也更加嚴(yán)格,為了保證電力系統(tǒng)能夠安全經(jīng)濟(jì)的運(yùn)行,靜止同步補(bǔ)償器(STATCOM)被提了出來。由于該種新型的電力電子設(shè)備具有響應(yīng)速度快,占地面積小等特點(diǎn)成為了電能質(zhì)量研究的熱點(diǎn)之一。然而,傳統(tǒng)的兩電平的逆變器雖然控制方式簡單,應(yīng)用廣泛,但是由于本身固有的拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)限制了逆變裝置的耐壓水平。模塊化多電平(MMC)是一種新型的拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)的變流器,通過子模塊的串聯(lián)能夠在理論上滿足大功率和高耐壓水平的需求,將該種拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)用于STATCOM能夠滿足高壓大功率的需求,改善電能質(zhì)量。本文首先介紹了幾種變流器的拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu),并對MMC結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了分析,指出了MMC結(jié)構(gòu)的優(yōu)點(diǎn)和應(yīng)用前景,回顧了MMC在高壓直流輸電領(lǐng)域的工程應(yīng)用。其次,分析了模塊化多電平變流器子模塊的開關(guān)狀態(tài),建立了MMC的數(shù)學(xué)模型。針對MMC的調(diào)制策略載波移相技術(shù)進(jìn)行了分析,重點(diǎn)在于根據(jù)不同的子模塊數(shù)目選取不同的調(diào)制方式以減小波形的輸出畸變率。其次研究了子模塊電容電壓的相關(guān)問題。MMC換流器在運(yùn)行之初,初始電壓為零,如果直接接入系統(tǒng),會(huì)對系統(tǒng)產(chǎn)生較大的沖擊電流和沖擊電壓,因此應(yīng)當(dāng)采用相應(yīng)的控制策略對子模塊進(jìn)行充電至額定電壓值,減小接入時(shí)的沖擊。為了保持MMC穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行,需要保證子模塊電容電壓的保持穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行,因此設(shè)計(jì)了相應(yīng)的直流側(cè)控制策略,同時(shí)研究了影響子模塊產(chǎn)生電壓差距的因素。在MMC運(yùn)行當(dāng)中,相與相之間產(chǎn)生較大的環(huán)流,環(huán)流過大會(huì)影響到系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)定性,導(dǎo)致系統(tǒng)的輸出的電能質(zhì)量較差,本文通過設(shè)計(jì)相間環(huán)流控制器穩(wěn)定環(huán)流波形。最后,本文將MMC變流器系統(tǒng)應(yīng)用于STATCOM,第一種控制策略通過dq0和前饋控制器將abc下的系統(tǒng)模型轉(zhuǎn)化有功無功解耦模型,分別控制通過裝置輸出的無功電流對系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行補(bǔ)償;第二種控制策略通過建立系統(tǒng)的分相模型,采用電流重復(fù)控制器,電容控制策略采用雙環(huán)控制保證子模塊電容電壓穩(wěn)定,有效的補(bǔ)償了諧波無功以及不對稱電流。
[Abstract]:With the gradual development of the power system, the harmonic reactive power and asymmetry phenomenon in the power network is becoming more and more prominent, and the power system demands more strictly on the power quality, in order to ensure the safe and economical operation of the power system, The static synchronous compensator (STATCOM) was proposed. Because the new power electronic equipment has the characteristics of fast response speed and small area, it has become one of the hot spots in power quality research. However, although the traditional two-level inverter is simple in control and widely used, its inherent topology limits the voltage level of the inverter. Modularized multilevel MMC) is a new type of converter with topology structure. It can meet the demand of high power and high voltage level theoretically through the series of submodules. Applying this kind of topology to STATCOM can meet the demand of high voltage and high power. Improve power quality. In this paper, the topology of several converters is introduced, the MMC structure is analyzed, the advantages and application prospects of MMC are pointed out, and the engineering application of MMC in HVDC transmission is reviewed. Secondly, the switching state of the modularized multilevel converter submodule is analyzed, and the mathematical model of MMC is established. The carrier phase shift technology of MMC modulation strategy is analyzed. The emphasis is to select different modulation modes according to the number of sub-modules to reduce the output distortion rate of the waveform. Secondly, the related problems of capacitor voltage of sub-module are studied. The initial voltage of MMC converter is zero at the beginning of operation. If directly connected to the system, it will produce a large impulse current and impulse voltage to the system. Therefore, the corresponding control strategy should be used to charge the sub-module to the rated voltage value to reduce the impact of access. In order to keep the MMC running stably, it is necessary to keep the capacitor voltage of the sub-module running stably. Therefore, the corresponding DC side control strategy is designed, and the factors influencing the voltage gap of the sub-module are studied. During the operation of MMC, there is a large circulation between phase and phase, which affects the stability of the system and results in the poor output power quality of the system. In this paper, the circulation waveform is stabilized by designing the interphase circulation controller. Finally, the MMC converter system is applied to STATCOM.The first control strategy transforms the system model under abc into active and reactive power decoupling model through dq0 and feedforward controller, respectively, and controls the reactive current output from the device to compensate the system. The second control strategy is based on the phase separation model of the system, the current repetition controller is adopted, and the capacitor control strategy adopts double loop control to ensure the capacitance voltage stability of the sub-module, which effectively compensates the harmonic reactive power and asymmetric current.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北電力大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TM761.12

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