本文選題：有機(jī)朗肯循環(huán) + 諧波特性��； 參考：《山東大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：低溫余熱發(fā)電技術(shù)能夠?qū)μ柲�、地�(zé)崮堋⒐I(yè)余熱等多種形式熱能進(jìn)行回收,從而將低品位熱能轉(zhuǎn)換為電能再利用。余熱能源如果得到有效的回收利用,將會(huì)節(jié)省大量礦物資源,并且使環(huán)境污染也得到減少。隨著全世界能源危機(jī)的加劇,科研學(xué)者對(duì)低溫余熱發(fā)電技術(shù)的應(yīng)用也逐漸重視起來�；谟袡C(jī)朗肯循環(huán)(ORC)的低溫余熱發(fā)電技術(shù)是低溫余熱發(fā)電的主要形式,本文對(duì)該技術(shù)的發(fā)電、逆變問題進(jìn)行了研究。主要的研究內(nèi)容如下文所述:首先,詳細(xì)闡述了低溫余熱發(fā)電系統(tǒng)的結(jié)構(gòu)部件和工作原理,并對(duì)該系統(tǒng)所用永磁電機(jī)和逆變器進(jìn)行分析和建模。研究了低溫余熱發(fā)電用永磁電機(jī)的函數(shù)模型,并得到在在該模型下的電壓、轉(zhuǎn)矩、磁鏈的方程式;研究了三相逆變系統(tǒng)的解耦過程,以及濾波之前的諧波特性,推導(dǎo)出逆變系統(tǒng)的小信號(hào)模型,得到了在雙極性SPWM調(diào)制下逆變系統(tǒng)傳遞函數(shù)。為后述ORC用發(fā)電機(jī)電磁設(shè)計(jì)和逆變器環(huán)路設(shè)計(jì)奠定基礎(chǔ)。其次,對(duì)有機(jī)朗肯循環(huán)低溫余熱發(fā)電用發(fā)電機(jī)進(jìn)行了電磁設(shè)計(jì)研究,并進(jìn)行了樣機(jī)試制及實(shí)驗(yàn)研究。永磁同步發(fā)電機(jī)與其他類型發(fā)電機(jī)相比具有高效率高功率因數(shù)高功率密度的特點(diǎn),因此本系統(tǒng)選用其作為膨脹機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)電機(jī)進(jìn)行發(fā)電,在整體上提高系統(tǒng)的效率,提升系統(tǒng)功率密度,減少能耗的浪費(fèi)。然后,根據(jù)整個(gè)發(fā)電系統(tǒng)對(duì)于發(fā)電機(jī)的性能要求和尺寸限制,基于Ansoft電磁仿真對(duì)電機(jī)進(jìn)行了電磁設(shè)計(jì)研究,最后進(jìn)行了樣機(jī)試制,并進(jìn)行了實(shí)驗(yàn)研究。再次,對(duì)低溫發(fā)電逆變器的濾波器參數(shù)和反饋環(huán)路進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)研究。本文分析了雙極性SPWM調(diào)制的輸出電壓諧波特性,并對(duì)濾波器參數(shù)進(jìn)行了設(shè)計(jì)研究,以降低輸出電壓波形畸變率(THD);當(dāng)發(fā)電機(jī)的輸出不穩(wěn)定或負(fù)載側(cè)突加突減負(fù)載時(shí),會(huì)對(duì)整體系統(tǒng)造成沖擊,嚴(yán)重時(shí)造成系統(tǒng)崩潰。因此,本文先對(duì)整個(gè)逆變系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行建模,先在連續(xù)時(shí)域內(nèi)進(jìn)行電壓電流雙閉環(huán)設(shè)計(jì),然后離散化得到數(shù)字系統(tǒng)中的調(diào)節(jié)器參數(shù),通過該設(shè)計(jì)使系統(tǒng)具有較快的動(dòng)態(tài)性能和較高的輸出精度。對(duì)整個(gè)逆變系統(tǒng)仿真分析,分別驗(yàn)證系統(tǒng)在負(fù)載突變和電源電壓擾動(dòng)情況下的動(dòng)態(tài)響應(yīng)和穩(wěn)態(tài)性能,由仿真可知系統(tǒng)的電壓調(diào)整率和負(fù)載調(diào)整率較好,內(nèi)環(huán)電流能快速抑制電源和負(fù)載的波動(dòng),從而保持了輸出電壓的穩(wěn)定。最后通過系統(tǒng)傳遞函數(shù)的建立分析了系統(tǒng)外部各個(gè)變量擾動(dòng)對(duì)系統(tǒng)輸出的影響。最后,搭建了整體實(shí)驗(yàn)平臺(tái),并進(jìn)行了實(shí)驗(yàn)研究。搭建了低溫余熱發(fā)電逆變系統(tǒng)的樣機(jī)平臺(tái)并編寫軟件程序。其中硬件主要包括功率器件的選取、驅(qū)動(dòng)電路的選取、LC濾波器參數(shù)的選擇和直流側(cè)電容的選擇。軟件包括主程序,PWM周期中斷子程序以及故障處理子程序。分別負(fù)責(zé)完成DSP系統(tǒng)的初始化設(shè)置,信號(hào)采樣與處理和控制算法的實(shí)現(xiàn),以及對(duì)硬件和軟件故障信號(hào)的判斷和處理。測(cè)試了逆變器和整個(gè)ORC發(fā)電系統(tǒng)的運(yùn)行效率,實(shí)驗(yàn)表明文中所設(shè)計(jì)電機(jī)和逆變系統(tǒng)具有良好的運(yùn)行性能,能夠滿足ORC低溫發(fā)電的要求。
[Abstract]:Low temperature waste heat power generation technology to solar energy, geothermal energy, recycling of industrial waste heat and other forms of energy, and the low grade heat energy is converted to electrical energy by heat energy. If effectively recycling, will save a lot of mineral resources and the environmental pollution is also reduced. As the world energy crisis intensifies, the application of research scholars on the low temperature waste heat power generation technology also gradually pay attention. Based on organic Rankine cycle (ORC) of the low temperature waste heat power generation technology is the main form of low temperature waste heat power generation, the power generation technology, inverter is studied. The main research contents as described below: first, elaborated the structure components of low temperature waste heat power generation system and working principle, and the system for permanent magnet motor and inverter are analyzed and studied. The modeling of permanent magnet motor function with low temperature waste heat power generation The number of models, and get the voltage in the model of the torque and flux linkage equation; decoupling of three-phase inverter system, as well as the filter before the harmonic characteristic of small signal model of the inverter system is derived, the bipolar SPWM modulation inverter system transfer function for the ORC generator. The electromagnetic design and inverter design foundation. Secondly, the organic Rankine cycle waste heat power generation were studied by the design of the electromagnetic generator, and the trial and experiments. Compared with other types of permanent magnet synchronous generator power machine has the characteristics of high efficiency and high power factor, high power density, so the system selected as drive motor power generation expansion machine, improve the efficiency of the system as a whole, improve the system power density, reduce energy waste. Then, according to the whole power system for generator The performance requirements and the size limit of Ansoft electromagnetic simulation of electromagnetic design of the motor based on the prototype, and the experimental study was carried out. Thirdly, filter parameters on low temperature power inverter and feedback loop was designed. This paper analyzes the output voltage harmonic characteristics of bipolar SPWM modulation, and the filter parameters the design and research, in order to reduce the output voltage waveform distortion rate (THD); when the generator output is not stable or sudden sudden load side load, the impact on the whole system, the system collapse caused by severe. Therefore, this article first to model the whole inverter system, the first design of double closed loop of voltage and current in the continuous in the time domain, and then get the discrete digital system regulator parameters, output accuracy through the design so that the system has high dynamic performance and faster. The whole inverter system The simulation and analysis, respectively, verification system in the load and power supply voltage disturbances under the dynamic and steady performance, the simulation system consists of a voltage adjustment rate and load adjustment rate is better, the inner current can rapidly suppress power supply and load fluctuations, so as to maintain a stable output voltage. Finally establish the transfer function through the analysis of the system the system of the external disturbance influence of variables on the output of the system. Finally, the overall hardware experimental platform and experimental study. To build a prototype platform of low temperature waste heat power generation inverter system and compile software program. The hardware mainly includes power devices selection, drive circuit selection, selection of DC capacitor and LC filter parameters the choice of software including the main program, PWM cycle interrupt subroutine and fault handling subroutine. Were responsible for DSP system initialization, signal The number of sampling and processing and control algorithm, and the hardware and software of fault signal judgment and processing. The efficiency of the inverter and the whole ORC power system test, experiments show that the motor and inverter system design in this paper has good performance, low power ORC can meet the requirements.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TM617

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