【摘要】：研究極端溫度條件下瀝青路面溫度場(chǎng)的數(shù)值模型,并預(yù)估路面結(jié)構(gòu)任意深度處最不利溫度情況,能夠?yàn)闉r青路面的設(shè)計(jì)提供一定的理論指導(dǎo)。本文以連續(xù)2年瀝青路面全厚度范圍內(nèi)的溫度實(shí)測(cè)值為數(shù)據(jù)支撐,分析了高溫期、低溫期、常溫期溫度場(chǎng)的變化規(guī)律;采用“雙試件平板式”熱傳導(dǎo)試驗(yàn)裝置,測(cè)試了常用半剛性基層瀝青路面材料的導(dǎo)熱系數(shù);通過數(shù)值回歸分析的方法建立了高溫時(shí)刻和低溫時(shí)刻溫度場(chǎng)在數(shù)學(xué)意義上的數(shù)值模型,分析了瀝青路面的熱傳導(dǎo)機(jī)理,并將極端高溫時(shí)刻和極端低溫時(shí)刻溫度場(chǎng)簡(jiǎn)化為穩(wěn)態(tài)溫度場(chǎng),建立了熱傳導(dǎo)意義上的折線式溫度場(chǎng)數(shù)值模型;對(duì)比分析了數(shù)值回歸模型與折線式溫度場(chǎng)模型的精度以及適用性。研究表明,瀝青路面的溫度呈周期性變化,以日周期變化最為顯著,路面溫度的變化主要集中于瀝青層,基層溫度變化較小,底基層溫度基本不變;水穩(wěn)基層的導(dǎo)熱系數(shù)大致在1.03~1.60W·(m·K)-1之間,瀝青面層導(dǎo)熱系數(shù)在0.70~2.10W·(m·K)-1之間;影響路面材料導(dǎo)熱系數(shù)的關(guān)鍵內(nèi)因首要是空隙率,其次為粒徑,外因則是溫度;瀝青路面的熱傳導(dǎo)通常是瞬態(tài)而非穩(wěn)態(tài),高溫和低溫時(shí),路面溫度場(chǎng)在理論上具有相同的分布規(guī)律,只是數(shù)值大小有別,分布曲向相反且對(duì)稱,但高溫時(shí)瞬態(tài)強(qiáng)烈,低溫時(shí)更趨穩(wěn)態(tài);路面在極端高溫時(shí)刻的溫度場(chǎng)可以用指數(shù)衰減的數(shù)值模型來表示,瀝青層衰減幅度較大,進(jìn)入基層后逐漸趨于穩(wěn)定,溫度升高的過程體現(xiàn)了路面溫度場(chǎng)從瞬態(tài)到穩(wěn)態(tài)的變化過程,極端高溫時(shí)刻接近穩(wěn)態(tài)的溫度場(chǎng)的數(shù)值模型可用折線來表示,其斜率與各結(jié)構(gòu)層材料的導(dǎo)熱系數(shù)有關(guān);相反,極端低溫時(shí)刻溫度場(chǎng)與高溫溫度場(chǎng)有相同的回歸模型,方向相反變?yōu)樵黾?低溫期路面溫度變化幅度小,且材料導(dǎo)熱系數(shù)也較小,導(dǎo)熱性能弱,熱傳導(dǎo)更接近于穩(wěn)態(tài),數(shù)值模型可簡(jiǎn)化為直線。
[Abstract]:Studying the numerical model of asphalt pavement temperature field under extreme temperature and predicting the most unfavorable temperature at any depth of pavement structure can provide certain theoretical guidance for the design of asphalt pavement. Based on the temperature measurements in the range of total thickness of asphalt pavement for 2 consecutive years, this paper analyzes the variation of temperature field in high temperature period, low temperature period and normal temperature period, and adopts the "double test piece plate type" heat conduction test device. The thermal conductivity of asphalt pavement materials of semi-rigid base is tested, the mathematical model of temperature field at high temperature and low temperature is established by numerical regression analysis, and the heat conduction mechanism of asphalt pavement is analyzed. The temperature field of extreme high temperature and extreme low temperature is simplified as steady state temperature field, and the numerical model of broken line temperature field in the sense of heat conduction is established, and the accuracy and applicability of numerical regression model and broken line temperature field model are compared and analyzed. The research shows that the temperature of asphalt pavement changes periodically, with the most significant change in the daily period. The change of pavement temperature is mainly concentrated in asphalt layer, the temperature of base course is small, and the temperature of bottom base is basically unchanged. The thermal conductivity of the water-stabilized base is approximately between 1.03 ~ 1.60W (m K) ~ (-1) and that of the asphalt surface is between 0.70 ~ 2.10W (m K) ~ (-1), the key internal factor affecting the thermal conductivity of pavement material is mainly the porosity, the second is the particle size, the other is the temperature. The heat conduction of asphalt pavement is usually transient rather than steady. At high temperature and low temperature, the temperature field of asphalt pavement has the same distribution law in theory, but the numerical value is different, the distribution is opposite and symmetrical, but the transient state is strong at high temperature. At low temperature, the temperature field of pavement at extreme high temperature can be expressed by numerical model of exponential attenuation. The attenuation amplitude of asphalt layer is larger, and it tends to be stable after entering the base. The process of temperature rise reflects the process of changing from transient to steady state of pavement temperature field. The numerical model of temperature field near steady state at extreme high temperature time can be expressed by broken line, and its slope is related to the thermal conductivity of each structure layer material; on the contrary, The temperature field at the extreme low temperature has the same regression model as the temperature field at the high temperature, and the direction is opposite to that of the temperature field, and the change of pavement temperature is small, the thermal conductivity of the material is also small, the thermal conductivity is weak, and the heat conduction is closer to the steady state. The numerical model can be simplified as a straight line.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長(zhǎng)安大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：U416.217

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