【摘要】：近年來我國高速鐵路的建設(shè)如火如荼,由于高速列車對軌道的平直度有非常高的要求,使得橋梁在高速鐵路中被大量運用。我國在運行和在建的高鐵項目中,橋梁所占的比重非常大,平均值在50%以上。當列車組通過鐵路橋梁時,車輪與橋上鐵軌接觸產(chǎn)生復雜的作用力,從而使得鐵軌下的橋梁結(jié)構(gòu)產(chǎn)生振動,橋梁的振動又會反過來影響列車的運行。若車橋之間的耦合振動過大,可能會對列車的舒適甚至安全產(chǎn)生不利的影響。本文通過ANSYS有限元平臺建立了一個簡單易算的點線接觸模型用于模擬車橋之間的耦合關(guān)系,并采用位移接觸法來實現(xiàn)車在橋梁上的行走運行。采用該點線接觸模型對幾個車橋耦合響應(yīng)問題進行有限元分析計算,將計算結(jié)果與對應(yīng)的解析解、半解析解對比來驗證模型可行性。本文還對對二維平面下車橋耦合振動展開研究,采用10自由度的平面半車模型模擬列車車廂,詳細分析了在平順與不平順條件下,多跨連續(xù)梁橋和斜拉橋在高速列車通過時的各個車橋響應(yīng)量的變化過程及規(guī)律。在列車與連續(xù)梁橋、斜拉橋的耦合分析中發(fā)現(xiàn),橋梁發(fā)生共振與列車速度、車廂長度、橋梁跨長存在一定的關(guān)系。為進一步明確導致橋梁共振的各因素間的關(guān)系,本文將作用在橋梁上的列車簡化為移動力組,探究了簡支梁橋在車載作用下發(fā)生共振響應(yīng)的機理以及規(guī)避共振的可行性方案。最后本文還結(jié)合共振與消振條件對箱形梁最佳跨長的選擇展開了分析。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the construction of high-speed railway in our country is in full swing, because of the high speed train has a very high demand for the flatness of the track, so the bridge is widely used in the high-speed railway. Bridges account for a large proportion of the high-speed projects in operation and under construction in China, with an average of more than 50%. When the train group passes through the railway bridge, the contact between the wheel and the rail on the bridge produces complex force, which makes the bridge structure under the rail produce vibration, and the vibration of the bridge will affect the train operation in turn. If the coupling vibration between the vehicle and bridge is too large, it may have a negative impact on the comfort and even safety of the train. In this paper, a simple point-line contact model based on ANSYS finite element platform is established to simulate the coupling relationship between vehicle and bridge, and the displacement contact method is used to realize the running of the vehicle on the bridge. The point line contact model is used to analyze and calculate the coupling response of several vehicle-bridge models. The results are compared with the corresponding analytical solutions and semi-analytical solutions to verify the feasibility of the model. In this paper, the coupling vibration of two-dimensional plane alighting bridge is studied. The plane half-car model with 10 degrees of freedom is used to simulate the train carriage, and the conditions of ride comfort and irregularity are analyzed in detail. The variation process and regularity of each bridge response of multi-span continuous girder bridge and cable-stayed bridge when the high-speed train passes. In the coupling analysis of train and continuous girder bridge and cable-stayed bridge, it is found that the resonance of the bridge is related to the train speed, the length of the carriage and the span of the bridge. In order to further clarify the relationship between the factors leading to bridge resonance, this paper simplifies the train acting on the bridge into a moving force group, and probes into the mechanism of resonance response of the simply supported beam bridge under the action of the vehicle and the feasible scheme of avoiding the resonance. Finally, the selection of optimum span length of box beam is analyzed in combination with resonance and vibration suppression conditions.
【學位授予單位】：華中科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U441.3

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