本文選題：高等職業(yè)教育 + 經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)　； 參考：《天津職業(yè)技術(shù)師范大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：舒爾茨的人力資本理論指出：人力資本是指蘊(yùn)含在勞動(dòng)者身上具有經(jīng)濟(jì)價(jià)值的知識(shí)、技能及健康的集合體。教育投入是人力資本投資的重要組成部分，也是推動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的內(nèi)省動(dòng)力。當(dāng)前世界經(jīng)濟(jì)產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)極大轉(zhuǎn)型，而我國經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)方式更強(qiáng)調(diào)“中國制造”向“中國創(chuàng)造”的戰(zhàn)略性演變。工業(yè)產(chǎn)品附加值在很大程度上源于高等職業(yè)教育的貢獻(xiàn)力，因而經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)方式轉(zhuǎn)型對(duì)高等職業(yè)教育的培養(yǎng)目標(biāo)提出新的期望和要求。 作為我國職業(yè)教育改革創(chuàng)新示范區(qū)，天津市高等職業(yè)教育發(fā)展?fàn)顩r備受關(guān)注。通過計(jì)算高等職業(yè)教育對(duì)天津市經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)貢獻(xiàn)率，從數(shù)據(jù)分析角度探討高職教育發(fā)展中的不足，為天津市制定高職教育發(fā)展策略提供一定的參考和借鑒。 本文運(yùn)用理論分析和實(shí)證分析對(duì)高等職業(yè)教育對(duì)天津市經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的貢獻(xiàn)情況進(jìn)行了研究，采用柯布-道格拉斯生產(chǎn)函數(shù)以定量計(jì)算的方法從兩個(gè)方面進(jìn)行比較分析：一方面是高等職業(yè)教育和大學(xué)本科教育對(duì)天津市經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)貢獻(xiàn)率的比較；另一方面是高職教育對(duì)天津市和東部五省經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)貢獻(xiàn)率的比較。研究過程均采用了2001-2011年間的相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)。計(jì)算結(jié)果顯示高職教育和本科教育對(duì)天津市經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的貢獻(xiàn)率分別為1.780%和3.798%，高職教育對(duì)天津市經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的貢獻(xiàn)率不及本科教育貢獻(xiàn)率的一半。在與東部五省高職教育對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)貢獻(xiàn)率的比較中天津市高等職業(yè)教育處在偏中下水平，繼而發(fā)現(xiàn)天津市的高職教育發(fā)展還存在較多問題：現(xiàn)有專業(yè)設(shè)置與產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)不匹配，技能人才供給類型與產(chǎn)業(yè)需求不匹配；部分高職院校過于追求“大而全”的辦學(xué)模式，辦學(xué)特色不鮮明；高職畢業(yè)生人才外流降低了天津市受高職教育從業(yè)人員數(shù)量；現(xiàn)有高職院校培養(yǎng)人才數(shù)量與濱海新區(qū)對(duì)高端技能人才的需求不符等。 針對(duì)天津市高職教育發(fā)展中存在的問題，，文章從政府、企業(yè)、學(xué)校、民間組織四個(gè)角度提出對(duì)策建議：政府宏觀調(diào)控高職院校專業(yè)設(shè)置，政策引導(dǎo)人們對(duì)高職教育觀念的改變，根據(jù)實(shí)地需求在濱海新區(qū)開辦新院校；企業(yè)與學(xué)校合作，通過校企合作將企業(yè)的用人要求滲透到高職院校的教學(xué)實(shí)訓(xùn)過程中，配合學(xué)校做好高職在校生的頂崗實(shí)習(xí)和教師企業(yè)培訓(xùn)；高職院校改進(jìn)教學(xué)模式，實(shí)行彈性學(xué)制，開創(chuàng)新的辦學(xué)理念，追求“小而精”的辦學(xué)效果；民間組織要在相關(guān)政策的幫助下加大對(duì)高職教育的投入和辦學(xué)支持。
[Abstract]:Schultz's theory of human capital points out that human capital refers to a combination of knowledge, skills and health that are of economic value to workers. Education investment is an important part of human capital investment, and it is also the internal motive force to promote economic growth. At present, the industrial structure of the world economy is undergoing great transformation, and the mode of economic growth in China emphasizes the strategic evolution from "made in China" to "created in China". The added value of industrial products to a large extent comes from the contribution of higher vocational education, so the transformation of economic growth mode puts forward new expectations and requirements for the training goal of higher vocational education. As a demonstration area of vocational education reform and innovation in our country, the development of higher vocational education in Tianjin has attracted much attention. By calculating the contribution rate of higher vocational education to Tianjin's economic growth, this paper discusses the deficiency in the development of higher vocational education from the point of view of data analysis, and provides a certain reference and reference for Tianjin to formulate the development strategy of higher vocational education. This paper studies the contribution of higher vocational education to Tianjin's economic growth by theoretical analysis and empirical analysis. This paper uses Cobb-Douglas production function to make a comparative analysis from two aspects: on the one hand, comparing the contribution rate of higher vocational education and undergraduate education to Tianjin's economic growth; On the other hand, the contribution rate of higher vocational education to the economic growth of Tianjin and five eastern provinces is compared. Data from 2001-2011 were used in the study. The results show that the contribution rates of higher vocational education and undergraduate education to Tianjin's economic growth are 1.780% and 3.798% respectively, and the contribution rate of higher vocational education to Tianjin's economic growth is less than half of that of undergraduate education. In comparison with the contribution rate of higher vocational education to economic growth in five eastern provinces, higher vocational education in Tianjin is in the middle and lower level, and then it is found that there are still many problems in the development of higher vocational education in Tianjin: the existing specialty setup and industrial structure do not match. The supply type of skilled personnel does not match with the demand of industry; some higher vocational colleges too pursue the "big and complete" mode of running a school, and the characteristics of running a school are not clear; the brain drain of higher vocational graduates reduces the number of employees in higher vocational education in Tianjin; The quantity of talents cultivated in the existing higher vocational colleges is not in accordance with the demand for high-end skilled personnel in Binhai New area. In view of the problems existing in the development of higher vocational education in Tianjin, the paper puts forward countermeasures and suggestions from four angles of government, enterprise, school and non-governmental organization: the government macroscopically regulates the specialty establishment of higher vocational colleges, and the policy guides people to change the concept of higher vocational education. To open new colleges in Binhai New area according to the demand on the ground; to cooperate with schools, and through cooperation between schools and enterprises, to infiltrate the employment requirements of enterprises into the teaching and training process of higher vocational colleges. Cooperate with the school to do the job practice and the teacher enterprise training of the students in higher vocational colleges, improve the teaching mode, carry out the flexible system, create the new idea of running a school, and pursue the effect of "small but fine". Private organizations should increase the input and support to higher vocational education with the help of relevant policies.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津職業(yè)技術(shù)師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：F127;G719.2

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