本文關(guān)鍵詞：論轉(zhuǎn)基因產(chǎn)業(yè)化的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)預(yù)防原則　出處：《中國(guó)社會(huì)科學(xué)院研究生院學(xué)報(bào)》2017年02期 　論文類型：期刊論文

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【摘要】：轉(zhuǎn)基因技術(shù)問(wèn)世以來(lái),有關(guān)其對(duì)環(huán)境和人身?yè)p害的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)在科學(xué)上一直未有定論,不同國(guó)家和地區(qū)出于不同的政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)和文化等因素的考慮,對(duì)待轉(zhuǎn)基因技術(shù)和產(chǎn)品的態(tài)度完全不同。歐盟針對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)基因技術(shù)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的科學(xué)不確定性提出了強(qiáng)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)預(yù)防原則,對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)基因產(chǎn)品施以嚴(yán)格的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)防范措施;而美國(guó)采取的是將轉(zhuǎn)基因產(chǎn)品與常規(guī)產(chǎn)品同等對(duì)待的實(shí)質(zhì)等同原則,其實(shí)質(zhì)是內(nèi)緊外松的弱風(fēng)險(xiǎn)預(yù)防原則。我國(guó)在實(shí)施轉(zhuǎn)基因產(chǎn)業(yè)化政策過(guò)程中,可以對(duì)歐盟和美國(guó)的制度進(jìn)行兼容并包,一方面要確立風(fēng)險(xiǎn)預(yù)防原則的指導(dǎo)性地位,并將風(fēng)險(xiǎn)預(yù)防原則落實(shí)到具體的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)防控體系之中;另一方面應(yīng)對(duì)實(shí)質(zhì)等同原則進(jìn)行吸收和兼容,將其作為實(shí)現(xiàn)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)預(yù)防目的的重要手段和方法,同時(shí)將轉(zhuǎn)基因風(fēng)險(xiǎn)預(yù)防技術(shù)手段制度化,并從程序上完善和保障公眾知情權(quán)、參與權(quán)和選擇權(quán)。
[Abstract]:Since the advent of genetically modified technology, the risk of environmental and personal damage has not been concluded scientifically. Different countries and regions consider different political, economic and cultural factors. The EU puts forward the principle of strong risk prevention in view of the scientific uncertainty of the risk of transgenic technology and puts forward strict risk prevention measures for transgenic products. The United States adopts the principle of equal treatment between GM products and conventional products, which is the weak risk prevention principle of internal and external loosening. In the process of implementing the policy of GM industrialization in China. On the one hand, we should establish the guiding position of the risk prevention principle, and implement the risk prevention principle into the specific risk prevention and control system; On the other hand, the principle of substantial equivalence should be absorbed and compatible as an important means and method to achieve the purpose of risk prevention, and at the same time, the technical means of GM risk prevention should be institutionalized. And from the procedure to improve and protect the public right to know, the right to participate and the right to choose.
【作者單位】： 福州大學(xué)法學(xué)院;
【分類號(hào)】：D912.1;Q789
【正文快照】： 近年來(lái),隨著糧食問(wèn)題的不斷加劇,全球轉(zhuǎn)基因糧食產(chǎn)業(yè)化進(jìn)程突飛猛進(jìn)。2016年,國(guó)際農(nóng)業(yè)生物技術(shù)應(yīng)用服務(wù)組織(ISAAA)的年度報(bào)告指出,2015年全球轉(zhuǎn)基因作物的種植面積約1.8億公頃,較1996年轉(zhuǎn)基因作物首次商業(yè)化以來(lái)增加了100多倍。(1)早在上個(gè)世紀(jì)80年代,我國(guó)即將生物技術(shù)列入國(guó)，

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