本文關鍵詞：英語政治演講辭中的隱喻研究　出處：《安徽大學》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

  更多相關文章： 隱喻 政治演講辭 結構隱喻 方位隱喻 實體隱喻

【摘要】：人們每時每刻都在有意無意地使用著隱喻。隱喻的影子不但出現(xiàn)在文學作品中,也存在于政治、科技、宗教等各個領域。對隱喻的研究雖歷史悠久,但直到由Lakoff和Johnson合作的曠世之作《我們賴以生存的隱喻》問世,才標志著從全新視角審視隱喻的時代正式到來。至此,隱喻的認知功能逐漸得到國內(nèi)外專家學者的廣泛關注。不同領域專家學者達成一致觀點：隱喻不僅是一種語言現(xiàn)象還是一種認知現(xiàn)象。 政治演說是西方政治文體的一種主要方式,在西方政治生活中扮演著極其重要的角色。政治家往往通過各自的演說達到一定的政治目的。而演說辭中的政治術語對廣大民眾來說往往是相當抽象、陌生的。為了說服民眾接受政治價值觀、形成共同的意識形態(tài),大多數(shù)的政治演說家們選擇用形象生動、通俗易懂的表達方式來表達抽象復雜的政治概念,而隱喻也自然成了他們的首選。 美國總統(tǒng)演說是政治演說的一種重要方式,其政治觀點明確、說服力強,是一種典型的政治語篇,這一特點在美國最近兩位總統(tǒng)(喬治.W.布什,以下簡稱小布什和奧巴馬)發(fā)表的一系列政治演說中得以充分表現(xiàn)。在全球政治經(jīng)濟動蕩不安的大環(huán)境下,美國領導人的演說勢必要鼓勵美國民眾,給予他們希望。本文在概念隱喻理論的框架指導下,選取了小布什和奧巴馬二位總統(tǒng)在不同場合下發(fā)表的近12篇政治演講辭作為語料分析對象。這些語料均出自兩位總統(tǒng)執(zhí)政期間在重大場合發(fā)表的演說辭且先后相關網(wǎng)站下載獲得。本文通過對這些文本中源域和目標域映射機制的系統(tǒng)分析,旨在歸納出概念隱喻三方面如何在政治演說辭中體現(xiàn),總結出在總統(tǒng)政治語篇中概念隱喻哪一方面更受青睞,從而揭示出美國領導人是如何通過隱喻來鼓舞美國民眾并獲得他們對各自執(zhí)政時期政府的大力支持。 為了更好地說明政治演說辭中的隱喻,文章采用實例分析法,定性和定量法在論述中均有所使用。定性法旨在挖掘美國總統(tǒng)政治演說辭概念隱喻選擇；定性分析法旨在探索總統(tǒng)演說辭中概念隱喻的三個方面。 在研究過程中筆者發(fā)現(xiàn),‘隱喻普遍存在于總統(tǒng)演說辭中。隱喻作為人們認知世界的一種手段能夠有效地揭示人們的思想和觀點�？偨y(tǒng)演說辭中把人和物作為源域,以政治經(jīng)濟事件、國家和政府作為目標域,政治革新、經(jīng)濟發(fā)展、國家和政府所采取的各項措施等映射到路程、建筑過程、人或其他事物上,形成了源域和目標域之間的映射機制。 綜合上所述,本研究的發(fā)現(xiàn)證實了政治語篇中存在著大量隱喻,隱喻的使用可以使普通民眾更容易理解政治術語。一方面,有利于更好地理解政治語篇,從認知的角度對美國國內(nèi)外的行政措施作出一個全新的解讀。另一方面,有助于英語語言學習者更好地理解政治語篇措詞的語義擴展,深化隱喻的研究。在一定程度上彌補了目前概念隱喻在政治語篇方面中研究的不足。
[Abstract]:We are in the use of metaphor metaphor naturally or half unconsciously. The shadow not only in literary works, but also in the political, science and technology, every field of religion. Although the study of metaphor has a long history, but the metaphor we live until > by Lakoff and Johnson cooperation Tour de force "come out, mark at the era of metaphor from a new perspective of the official arrival. Thus, the cognitive function of metaphor has been widely concerned by the domestic and foreign experts in different fields. Experts and scholars reached a consensus: metaphor is not only a linguistic phenomenon or a cognitive phenomenon.
Political speech is one of the main ways of Western political style, plays a very important role in western political life. Politicians often reached through their speech to certain political purposes. But political speeches in terms of the majority of people are often quite abstract, unfamiliar. In order to persuade people to accept the political values. The most common form of ideology, political speakers with vivid expression, easy to express abstract and complex political concept, and metaphor also naturally become their first choice.
The president's speech is an important way of political speech, its political views clear, persuasive, is a typical political discourse, the characteristics in the last two presidents (George.W. Bush, hereinafter referred to as George W. Bush and Obama) can embody a series of political speech. In global politics the turbulent economic environment, is bound to speech of the leaders of the United States to encourage Americans to give them hope. Based on the framework of conceptual metaphor theory, selected 12 political speeches of George W. Bush Obama and the two presidents issued in different occasions of speech as the corpus analysis object. These data are from published on occasion during the two presidential ruling speech and has related website. Through systematic analysis on these texts in the source domain and the target domain mapping mechanism, in order to summarize How conceptual metaphor three aspects embodied in political speeches, the president summed up in the conceptual metaphor in political discourses which is more popular, thus revealing the leaders of the United States is how to inspire the American people and gain their support of their respective government vigorously during the reign of holding through metaphor.
In order to better explain metaphors in political speeches, the article uses the example analysis, qualitative and quantitative methods have been used in this paper. The president of the United States aimed at mining qualitative politicalspeeches conceptual metaphor; designed to explore three aspects of the presidential speeches of conceptual metaphors in qualitative analysis.
I found in the research process, "metaphor is pervasive in the presidential speech. Metaphor as a means of understanding the world, can effectively reveal people's ideas and opinions. Presidential speeches to people and things as the source domain, the political and economic events, the state and the government as the target domain, political reform. Economic development, national mapping and government to take various measures to distance, construction process, or other things, forming a mapping between source domain and target domain.
Overall the findings of this study confirmed the existence of a large number of metaphors in political discourse, metaphor can be used to make ordinary people easier to understand political terms. On the one hand, is conducive to a better understanding of the political discourse, made a new interpretation of the domestic and foreign administrative measures from the perspective of cognition. On the other hand, is helpful to English language learners have a better understanding of political discourse semantic wording extension, deepening the study of metaphor. In a certain extent make up for the current lack of conceptual metaphors in political discourse in the study.

【學位授予單位】：安徽大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：H315

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