本文選題：哈爾濱市　切入點(diǎn)：農(nóng)村剩余勞動(dòng)力　出處：《東北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)條件的改善和農(nóng)業(yè)科技水平的提升,我國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)的生產(chǎn)效率較之改革開(kāi)放前取得了顯著的提高,許多農(nóng)業(yè)一線生產(chǎn)的農(nóng)村勞動(dòng)力從農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)中解放出來(lái)向第二、第三產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移,為我國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展做出了不可磨滅的巨大作用。但是,大量農(nóng)村剩余勞動(dòng)力涌入,加劇了許多社會(huì)問(wèn)題。早在上世紀(jì)80、90年代,我國(guó)學(xué)者就開(kāi)始關(guān)注農(nóng)村剩余勞動(dòng)力問(wèn)題,并提出了許多觀點(diǎn)和理論。在30多年后的今天,我國(guó)農(nóng)村剩余勞動(dòng)力的轉(zhuǎn)移問(wèn)題依然存在,并隨著我國(guó)現(xiàn)代化進(jìn)程的深入而復(fù)雜化,問(wèn)題日益凸顯,成為我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)全面協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展過(guò)程中的一個(gè)難點(diǎn)問(wèn)題。 哈爾濱市是大都市與大農(nóng)村相結(jié)合的特大城市,數(shù)量龐大的農(nóng)村人口拖累著城市經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展,阻礙了工業(yè)現(xiàn)代化和農(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn)代化發(fā)展的腳步,義形成了巨大的農(nóng)村勞動(dòng)力剩余閑置。如何解決好農(nóng)村剩余勞動(dòng)力轉(zhuǎn)移問(wèn)題是全市實(shí)現(xiàn)現(xiàn)代化與城鎮(zhèn)化政府工作的關(guān)鍵課題,也是解決好“三農(nóng)”問(wèn)題的關(guān)鍵途徑,是構(gòu)建社會(huì)主義和諧社會(huì)不可或缺的中心環(huán)節(jié),具備重大的實(shí)踐意義與理論研究意義。 本文基于二元經(jīng)濟(jì)理論、新勞動(dòng)力遷移經(jīng)濟(jì)理論和人力資本理論為研究基礎(chǔ),以科學(xué)發(fā)展觀為指導(dǎo)思想,并借鑒國(guó)內(nèi)外成功經(jīng)驗(yàn),深入研究哈爾濱市農(nóng)村剩余勞動(dòng)力轉(zhuǎn)移就業(yè)問(wèn)題。將理論研究與實(shí)證研究緊密結(jié)合,通過(guò)走訪、問(wèn)卷調(diào)查等方法,對(duì)哈爾濱市農(nóng)村剩余勞動(dòng)力的轉(zhuǎn)移的意愿進(jìn)行調(diào)查,初步掌握了第一手現(xiàn)實(shí)資料。筆者認(rèn)為勞動(dòng)力的轉(zhuǎn)移是勞動(dòng)力自身的決策,以此為基礎(chǔ)結(jié)合哈爾濱市目前經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀,找出對(duì)勞動(dòng)力轉(zhuǎn)移決策起到?jīng)Q定作用的影響因素與存在問(wèn)題。選取結(jié)構(gòu)分析與計(jì)量模型兩種方法來(lái)解釋農(nóng)村剩余勞動(dòng)力在轉(zhuǎn)移過(guò)程中出現(xiàn)的問(wèn)題,依據(jù)問(wèn)題提出相應(yīng)的適合哈爾濱市農(nóng)村剩余勞動(dòng)力轉(zhuǎn)移現(xiàn)實(shí)狀況的對(duì)策建議。結(jié)構(gòu)分析從年齡、教育程度、收入、就業(yè)等角度分析目前的農(nóng)村剩余勞動(dòng)力轉(zhuǎn)移現(xiàn)狀；結(jié)合農(nóng)戶調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)與區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展水平、年齡、受教育程度、鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)企業(yè)數(shù)量等諸多量值,采用logit回歸模型進(jìn)行定量分析,在制度、經(jīng)濟(jì)、人力資本三個(gè)方面得出影響勞動(dòng)力轉(zhuǎn)移意愿主要因素,為促進(jìn)哈爾濱市農(nóng)村剩余勞動(dòng)力轉(zhuǎn)移工作提供實(shí)證基礎(chǔ)。 全文共分為七個(gè)部分：第一部分主要闡述了研究背景及理論與實(shí)際意義,對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)外文獻(xiàn)研究進(jìn)行綜述。第二部分為農(nóng)村剩余勞動(dòng)力轉(zhuǎn)移的概念界定與理論基礎(chǔ),通過(guò)對(duì)農(nóng)村剩余勞動(dòng)力轉(zhuǎn)移的理論進(jìn)行闡述,為后文的研究界定研究對(duì)象和范圍,為全文研究奠定理論基礎(chǔ)。第三部分為哈爾濱市農(nóng)村剩余勞動(dòng)力轉(zhuǎn)移現(xiàn)狀與存在問(wèn)題的總結(jié),結(jié)合現(xiàn)階段哈爾濱市的實(shí)際情況,提出農(nóng)村剩余勞動(dòng)力轉(zhuǎn)移過(guò)程中在制度、經(jīng)濟(jì)、人力資本方面存在的問(wèn)題,為下文的后續(xù)研究提供研究的現(xiàn)實(shí)基礎(chǔ)。第四部分為實(shí)證分析,通過(guò)結(jié)構(gòu)分析和回歸模型分析轉(zhuǎn)移就業(yè)影響因素進(jìn)行論證,找出影響農(nóng)村剩余勞動(dòng)力轉(zhuǎn)移的決策因素,并分析原因。第五部分為國(guó)內(nèi)外經(jīng)驗(yàn)借鑒,主要從英、美、日、韓等發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家的經(jīng)驗(yàn)借鑒,與國(guó)內(nèi)中、東、西部等比較有代表性地區(qū)的經(jīng)驗(yàn)借鑒,獲得哈爾濱市在農(nóng)村剩余勞動(dòng)力轉(zhuǎn)移就業(yè)工作上的啟示。第六部分為對(duì)策建議,在前文分析的基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合哈爾濱市的現(xiàn)實(shí)情況與成功經(jīng)驗(yàn)借鑒,提出加快哈爾濱市農(nóng)村剩余勞動(dòng)力轉(zhuǎn)移就業(yè)工作的對(duì)策建議,希望可以為哈爾濱市政府的工作開(kāi)展起到積極的推動(dòng)作用。第七部分為結(jié)論,總結(jié)本文的研究成果。
[Abstract]:With the improvement of conditions of agricultural production and agricultural science and technology to enhance the level of China's agricultural production efficiency than before the reform and opening up has been significantly improved, many agricultural production line of the rural labor force from agriculture to the liberation of second, third industrial transfer, made an indelible great role for the economic development of our country. But a large number of rural surplus labor force, exacerbated by the influx of a lot of social problems. As early as 80,90 in the last century, Chinese scholars began to pay attention to the problem of rural surplus labor, and put forward many ideas and theories. In more than 30 years later, the transfer of rural surplus labor of our country still exists, and with the development of China's modernization deep and complex problems have become increasingly prominent, has become the overall coordination of a difficult problem in the process of the development of China's economy and society.
Harbin is a large city with large rural cities combined, a large number of rural population on the economic development of the city, has hindered the industrial modernization and the pace of development of agricultural modernization, the formation of surplus rural labor force idle huge. How to solve the problem of the transfer of rural surplus labor is a key issue in the implementation of the work of the government and modernization the town, but also the key to solve the way these problems, is the central link in building a socialist harmonious society indispensable, have important practical significance and theoretical significance.
In this paper, two yuan based on the economic theory, the new labor migration economic theory and human capital theory as the research foundation, with Scientific Outlook on Development as the guiding ideology, and learn from the successful experience at home and abroad, in-depth study of rural surplus labor transfer in Harbin. The employment problem of theoretical research and empirical research combined, through visits, questionnaires and other methods, the transfer of the rural surplus labor force in Harbin city will of the investigation, preliminary master first-hand data. The author believes that the reality of the transfer of labor is labor's decision, which is combined with the present situation of Harbin city economic development and labor transfer decision to find a decisive factor to the effect and problems. The selection of structure analysis and econometrics models two to explain the method of rural surplus labor transfer process in the problems, propose appropriate Kazakhstan basis Countermeasures of reality of transfer of rural surplus labor force in Harbin city. Structural analysis from the age, level of education, income, employment of rural surplus labor transfer present situation; combined with the household survey data and regional economic development level, age, education degree, the number of township enterprises and other values, using logit regression model quantitative analysis in the economic system, the main factors that affect the willingness of labor transfer in three aspects of human capital, to promote empirical basis transfer of rural surplus labor force in Harbin city.
This paper is divided into seven parts: the first part mainly expounds the research background and theoretical and practical significance, the domestic and foreign literature were reviewed. The second part is the concept of transfer of rural surplus labor force in the definition and theoretical basis, the paper elaborates on the transfer of rural surplus labor theory, defines the research object and scope for later research. And lay the theoretical foundation for the research. The third part is the transfer of rural surplus labor in Harbin present situation and existing problems are summarized, combined with the actual situation in Harbin at the present stage, the transfer process of rural surplus labor force in the economic system, the existence of human capital issues, to provide realistic basis for subsequent research on the following study. The fourth part is empirical analysis, through structural analysis and regression model of factors affecting employment transfer analysis, find out the influence of rural surplus labor The decision factors of force transfer, and analyzes the reasons. The fifth part is the domestic and foreign experience, mainly from Britain, Japan, US, South Korea and other developed countries and domestic experience, in the East, more representative of the experience of the western region, Harbin city in the rural surplus labor force transfer employment work. Enlightenment. The sixth part is the countermeasures, on the basis of the above analysis, combined with the reality of Harbin city and successful experience, puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions to speed up the transfer of rural surplus labor in Harbin employment, hoping to promote the role of the Harbin municipal government to carry out the work to actively. The seventh part is the conclusion, summary of research results in this paper.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：F323.6;F249.21

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本文編號(hào)：1694583