本文選題：遼寧省 + 糧食綜合生產(chǎn)能力��； 參考：《沈陽師范大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：從2004年到2015年,國家每年出臺的中央“一號文件”都將農(nóng)業(yè)問題列為主題。農(nóng)業(yè)的核心問題是糧食生產(chǎn)和糧食安全。糧食生產(chǎn)關(guān)系到國計民生,因此要重視我國的糧食生產(chǎn),提高糧食生產(chǎn)能力,保障我國的糧食安全。隨著經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展,城市化進程的加快,城鄉(xiāng)居民食物消費結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)型導致市場對糧食的需求快速增長,進而導致我國糧食市場供求緊張及糧食安全問題將長期存在。國內(nèi)外理論研究和實踐發(fā)展經(jīng)驗表明,財政支持政策作為重要公共政策手段和有效的調(diào)控手段,對提高糧食產(chǎn)量、市場競爭力,保障國家糧食安全,具有不可替代的戰(zhàn)略作用。因此,在社會主義市場經(jīng)濟環(huán)境中,探索進一步穩(wěn)定和提高我國糧食綜合生產(chǎn)能力的財政政策支持手段,是我國必須破解的難題。糧食主產(chǎn)區(qū)是我國重要的商品糧基地,肩負著國家糧食安全的重任,在我國整個國民經(jīng)濟發(fā)展中發(fā)揮著重要作用。同時,糧食產(chǎn)量持續(xù)穩(wěn)產(chǎn)增產(chǎn)對全國糧食的供求平衡有著重要意義。2013年,我國糧食產(chǎn)量高達60193.8萬噸萬噸,比2012年增產(chǎn)1235萬噸,同比增長2.1%。但是,我國的糧食生產(chǎn)受可耕地面積、水資源和其他資源的嚴格限制。尤其是近年來,自然災(zāi)害頻發(fā),水資源短缺,耕地資源持續(xù)下降,農(nóng)民種糧比較效益低下等因素,嚴重影響了農(nóng)民種糧積極性,從而使我國糧食供給增加的難度不斷加大。同時還面臨著糧食需求迅速增加的形勢,糧食生產(chǎn)逐漸供不應(yīng)求。因此,開展對我國糧食綜合生產(chǎn)能力研究十分必要。本文以遼寧省為研究對象,首先在對國內(nèi)外相關(guān)研究進行評述的基礎(chǔ)上,對糧食綜合生產(chǎn)能力進行定義,然后以糧食綜合生產(chǎn)能力為切入點,搜集遼寧省關(guān)于糧食的資料和數(shù)據(jù),并進行分析整理。通過對遼寧省糧食生產(chǎn)的產(chǎn)量、播種面積、單位面積產(chǎn)量等現(xiàn)狀進行分析,提出財政對糧食生產(chǎn)進行支持的必要性。同時結(jié)合遼寧省現(xiàn)行的財政支持農(nóng)業(yè)的現(xiàn)狀,分析財政支持農(nóng)業(yè)提高糧食產(chǎn)量的過程中包含的問題及原因,借鑒主要發(fā)達國家美國、日本、歐盟關(guān)于對增強和提升糧食產(chǎn)量,促進農(nóng)業(yè)持續(xù)發(fā)展的財政政策經(jīng)驗,并得出對我國促進糧食持續(xù)增產(chǎn)、農(nóng)業(yè)可持續(xù)發(fā)展的政策啟示,最后結(jié)合財政對支農(nóng)中出現(xiàn)的問題提出切實可行的建議。
[Abstract]:From 2004 to 2015, the National Central Committee issued every year, "the first document" will be agricultural issues as the theme. The core issue of agriculture is food production and food security. Grain production is related to the national economy and the people's livelihood, so we should attach importance to our country's grain production, improve the grain production capacity, and guarantee our country's grain security. With the development of economy and the acceleration of urbanization, the transformation of food consumption structure of urban and rural residents leads to the rapid growth of market demand for food, which will lead to the shortage of supply and demand of grain market and the problem of food security in China for a long time. Theoretical research and practical development experience at home and abroad show that fiscal support policy as an important public policy means and effective means of regulation and control has an irreplaceable strategic role in improving grain production market competitiveness and ensuring national food security. Therefore, in the socialist market economy environment, it is a difficult problem that our country must solve to explore the financial policy support means to further stabilize and improve the comprehensive grain production capacity of our country. The main grain producing area is an important commodity grain base in our country, which shoulders the important task of national food security and plays an important role in the development of the whole national economy. In 2013, China's grain output reached 601.938 million tons, 12.35 million tons more than in 2012, an increase of 2.1 tons compared with the same period last year. However, China's grain production is strictly limited by arable land, water resources and other resources. Especially in recent years, the frequent natural disasters, the shortage of water resources, the continuous decline of cultivated land resources and the low relative benefit of farmers have seriously affected the enthusiasm of farmers to grow grain, thus increasing the difficulty of grain supply in our country. At the same time also faced with a rapid increase in food demand, grain production gradually exceeds demand. Therefore, it is necessary to study the comprehensive production capacity of grain in China. In this paper, Liaoning Province is taken as the research object. Firstly, on the basis of reviewing the relevant research at home and abroad, we define the grain comprehensive production capacity, and then take the grain comprehensive production capacity as the starting point. Collect the information and data about grain of Liaoning Province, and carry on the analysis and collation. Based on the analysis of the present situation of grain production in Liaoning Province, the necessity of financial support for grain production is put forward. At the same time, according to the current situation of financial support agriculture in Liaoning Province, this paper analyzes the problems and reasons involved in the process of increasing grain production by financial support agriculture, and draws lessons from the major developed countries, the United States, Japan, and the European Union on enhancing and increasing grain production. The experience of fiscal policy to promote the sustainable development of agriculture has been obtained, and the policy enlightenment to promote the sustained increase of grain production and the sustainable development of agriculture in China has been obtained. Finally, some practical suggestions are put forward in combination with the problems of fiscal support to agriculture.
【學位授予單位】：沈陽師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：F326.11

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