本文選題：精準扶貧　切入點：扶貧開發(fā)　出處：《信陽師范學院》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：河南省作為我國農(nóng)業(yè)大省,農(nóng)村人口眾多,農(nóng)村貧困問題也較為突出。截止2015年底,在河南省還有430萬農(nóng)村人口尚未脫貧。對于農(nóng)村地區(qū)扶貧開發(fā)工作河南省一直高度重視,始終把農(nóng)村扶貧開發(fā)工作作為河南省全局工作中的頭等大事,把農(nóng)村扶貧開發(fā)工作納入河南省的“十項重點民生工程”,把“三山一灘”的貧困人口脫貧工作列為三農(nóng)工作“四大工程”之一。本文主要以貧困成因及治理等理論為基礎,對河南省農(nóng)村地區(qū)貧困現(xiàn)狀與精準扶貧工作進行梳理分析,試圖為河南省農(nóng)村貧困地區(qū)的扶貧開發(fā)提供有益的建議,本文主要研究內(nèi)容大致可分為:第一,對我國扶貧開發(fā)的歷史進行簡單的回顧,簡要闡述河南省農(nóng)村貧困概況,從自然環(huán)境、生產(chǎn)條件、農(nóng)民素質(zhì)、教育醫(yī)療四個方面整理分析了河南省農(nóng)村地區(qū)貧困的原因以及從經(jīng)濟、社會、生態(tài)三個方面對河南省扶貧效益進行評價,充分肯定河南省的扶貧成效。并對建檔立卡、駐村幫扶、“五字真訣”、財政投入等目前河南省農(nóng)村精準扶貧的主要形式進行梳理,同時對蘭考縣、滑縣、固始縣、嵩縣進行案例經(jīng)驗分析借鑒優(yōu)秀經(jīng)驗。第二,對河南省農(nóng)村精準扶貧工作進行梳理分析,筆者發(fā)現(xiàn)河南省農(nóng)村精準扶貧工作中精準識別方面存在建檔立卡工作不到位、部分工作人員素質(zhì)、能力差;精準幫扶方面存在扶貧產(chǎn)業(yè)選擇不精準、重點項目進展緩慢,資金結(jié)存額大、駐村幫扶工作不到位、非貧困縣、村的扶貧力量不足;金融扶貧方面存在政策主導性質(zhì)與金融機構的資本盈利性質(zhì)沖突、涉農(nóng)信貸增速低,支農(nóng)機構類型不足、信貸手續(xù)復雜,金融服務方式缺乏以及群眾干部內(nèi)生動力不足等問題。最后針對河南省農(nóng)村地區(qū)精準扶貧工作中存在問題提出了健全精準識別機制、加強基層扶貧工作隊伍建設,提高識別精確度;發(fā)展特色產(chǎn)業(yè)脫貧、加強扶貧項目監(jiān)管、強化駐村幫扶責任、加強非貧困縣、村貧困人口政策幫扶力度;加大與政府平臺合作機制、堅持銀監(jiān)會“四單原則”、加大金融創(chuàng)新以及激發(fā)群眾干部內(nèi)生動力等政策建議。
[Abstract]:As a large agricultural province in China, Henan Province has a large rural population, and the problem of rural poverty is relatively prominent. As of end of 2015, there are still 4.3 million rural people in Henan Province who have not been lifted out of poverty. Henan Province has always attached great importance to the work of poverty alleviation and development in rural areas. The work of poverty alleviation and development in rural areas has always been regarded as a top priority in the overall work of Henan Province. The rural poverty alleviation and development work is included in the "Ten key people's livelihood projects" in Henan Province, and the "three mountains and one beach" poverty relief work is listed as one of the "four major projects" in the work of agriculture, countryside and farmers. This paper is mainly based on the theories of the causes of poverty and governance, etc. The present situation of poverty and precision poverty alleviation in rural areas of Henan Province are combed and analyzed in order to provide useful suggestions for the development of poverty alleviation in rural poor areas of Henan Province. The main contents of this paper can be divided into: first, This paper briefly reviews the history of poverty alleviation and development in China, and briefly expounds the general situation of rural poverty in Henan Province, including the natural environment, production conditions, and the quality of farmers. The causes of poverty in rural areas of Henan Province and the evaluation of the benefit of poverty alleviation in Henan Province from the three aspects of economy, society and ecology are analyzed in the four aspects of education and medical treatment. The results of poverty alleviation in Henan Province are fully affirmed. Helping the village, "five words true secret", financial investment and other main forms of accurate poverty alleviation in Henan Province at present. At the same time, the case study of Lankao County, Wuxian County, Gushi County and Song County is carried out to learn from excellent experience. Second, Through combing and analyzing the work of precision poverty alleviation in Henan province, the author finds that the precision identification of rural precision poverty alleviation in Henan province is not in place, some of the staff quality and ability are poor; There are poor choice of poverty alleviation industry, slow progress of key projects, large balance of funds, lack of assistance work in the village, insufficient poverty alleviation in non-poor counties and villages. In the aspect of financial poverty alleviation, there is a conflict between the nature of policy leading and the capital profit of financial institutions. The growth rate of agriculture-related credit is low, the types of supporting agricultural institutions are insufficient, and the credit procedures are complex. The lack of financial services and the lack of endogenous motivation of mass cadres. Finally, aiming at the problems existing in the precision poverty alleviation work in rural areas of Henan Province, we put forward a sound precision identification mechanism to strengthen the building of grass-roots poverty alleviation teams. To improve the accuracy of identification; to develop characteristic industries to extricate themselves from poverty, to strengthen the supervision of poverty alleviation projects, to strengthen the responsibility of helping the rural residents, to strengthen the policy support for the poverty-stricken population in non-poor counties and villages; and to increase the cooperation mechanism with the government platform. Adhere to the CBRC's "four single principles", increase financial innovation and stimulate the endogenous power of mass cadres and other policy recommendations.
【學位授予單位】：信陽師范學院
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：F323.8

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