【摘要】：胡錦濤同志在黨的十八大報(bào)告中提出：“必須以保障和改善民生為重點(diǎn)，解決好人民最關(guān)心、最直接、最現(xiàn)實(shí)的利益問(wèn)題，努力讓人民過(guò)上更好生活。”食品安全與人民群眾生命健康密切相關(guān)。食品安全與否直接決定著人民群眾的生活水平和生活質(zhì)量，關(guān)系到整個(gè)社會(huì)的和諧穩(wěn)定以及經(jīng)濟(jì)的平穩(wěn)發(fā)展，是民生問(wèn)題的重中之重。然而近年來(lái)屢次發(fā)生的國(guó)內(nèi)食品安全危機(jī)事件，引起了全國(guó)億萬(wàn)人民的關(guān)注。本文以此為背景，將研究重點(diǎn)放在食品安全監(jiān)管體系完善問(wèn)題之上，分別從國(guó)內(nèi)外食品安全監(jiān)管相關(guān)理論、我國(guó)食品安全監(jiān)管體系所面臨的主要問(wèn)題、美、德、日三國(guó)食品監(jiān)管成功經(jīng)驗(yàn)的比較及相應(yīng)啟示、完善我國(guó)食品安全監(jiān)管體系的對(duì)策建議四個(gè)方面加以論述。 本文首先從食品安全監(jiān)管的相關(guān)理論切入，意在對(duì)我國(guó)現(xiàn)存的食品安全監(jiān)管問(wèn)題進(jìn)行深入剖析，解析食品安全危機(jī)問(wèn)題成因和特征，繼而分層次論述現(xiàn)行政府監(jiān)管體制和監(jiān)管條件下，食品安全監(jiān)管體系建構(gòu)過(guò)程中，所應(yīng)解決的重點(diǎn)問(wèn)題。從政府和市場(chǎng)主體兩個(gè)維度出發(fā)，劃分責(zé)任。筆者認(rèn)為。就建立健全食品信息監(jiān)管機(jī)制、建立健全食品召回制度、建立健全相關(guān)食品安全監(jiān)管制度及評(píng)價(jià)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)而言，政府作為監(jiān)管主體責(zé)無(wú)旁貸，而從市場(chǎng)監(jiān)控層面上看，運(yùn)用HACCP體系、條型碼技術(shù)、物聯(lián)網(wǎng)技術(shù)保障食品安全為企業(yè)之責(zé)，然而現(xiàn)實(shí)中運(yùn)用相關(guān)技術(shù)的食品企業(yè)為數(shù)不多，且食品企業(yè)信息公開(kāi)和透明原則也未被嚴(yán)格遵守與自覺(jué)執(zhí)行，食品企業(yè)自我管理、自我監(jiān)督、自我解決能力比較薄弱，二者之間并未形成食品安全監(jiān)管力量的協(xié)調(diào)與配合，導(dǎo)致食品安全監(jiān)管體系運(yùn)作較為低效，消費(fèi)者權(quán)益難以得到保障。其次，筆者通過(guò)對(duì)比與分析國(guó)外食品安全監(jiān)管成功經(jīng)驗(yàn)，透視這些成功經(jīng)驗(yàn)背后的支撐要素和執(zhí)行環(huán)境，并從中獲得相應(yīng)的啟示。鑒于國(guó)外食品安全監(jiān)管起步早、體制成熟，我國(guó)應(yīng)有重點(diǎn)、有區(qū)別的吸取國(guó)外先進(jìn)經(jīng)驗(yàn)，以充實(shí)和完善我國(guó)食品安全監(jiān)管體系。任何理論都要落實(shí)于實(shí)踐之上，，為此筆者最后從市場(chǎng)與政府兩個(gè)維度，提出完善我國(guó)食品安全監(jiān)管體系的對(duì)策與建議，旨在實(shí)現(xiàn)我國(guó)食品安全監(jiān)管資源的高效配置。
[Abstract]:Comrade Hu Jintao put forward in the report of the 18th National Congress of the Party: "We must focus on ensuring and improving the people's livelihood, solve the most concerned, direct and realistic interests of the people, and strive for a better life for the people." Food safety is closely related to the life and health of the people. Food safety directly determines the living standard and quality of life of the people, relates to the harmony and stability of the whole society and the steady development of the economy, and is the most important issue of people's livelihood. However, in recent years, the domestic food safety crisis has caused the attention of hundreds of millions of people. Based on this background, this paper focuses on the improvement of food safety supervision system, respectively from the relevant theories of food safety supervision at home and abroad, the main problems faced by China's food safety regulatory system, the United States, Germany, the United States and Germany. The comparison of the successful experiences of food supervision in Japan and the corresponding enlightenment, and the countermeasures and suggestions for perfecting the food safety supervision system in China are discussed in this paper. In this paper, first of all, from the relevant theory of food safety supervision, the purpose of this paper is to analyze the existing problems of food safety supervision in China, and to analyze the causes and characteristics of food safety crisis. Then it discusses the key problems to be solved in the construction of food safety supervision system under the current government supervision system and supervision conditions. Starting from the two dimensions of the government and the market main body, the responsibility is divided. The author thinks. In terms of establishing and perfecting the food information supervision mechanism, establishing and perfecting the food recall system, establishing and perfecting the related food safety supervision system and evaluation standard, the government is duty-bound as the main body of supervision, and from the aspect of market monitoring, the HACCP system is used. Bar code technology and Internet of things technology to ensure food safety is the responsibility of enterprises. However, in reality, there are few food enterprises using relevant technologies, and the principles of information openness and transparency in food enterprises have not been strictly observed and conscientiously enforced. The ability of self-management, self-supervision and self-solving of food enterprises is relatively weak, and the coordination and cooperation of food safety supervision forces are not formed between the two, which leads to the inefficient operation of the food safety supervision system and the difficulty to protect the rights and interests of consumers. Secondly, by comparing and analyzing the successful experiences of foreign food safety supervision, the author analyzes the supporting factors and execution environment of these successful experiences, and obtains the corresponding enlightenment from them. In view of the foreign food safety supervision starts early, the system is mature, our country should focus, has the distinction to absorb the foreign advanced experience, in order to enrich and consummate our country food safety supervision system. Any theory should be carried out on the basis of practice. In the end, the author puts forward the countermeasures and suggestions to perfect the food safety supervision system from the two dimensions of market and government, in order to realize the efficient allocation of food safety supervision resources in our country.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：F203;D922.16

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