本文選題：石阡縣　切入點：傳統(tǒng)聚落　出處：《華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：傳統(tǒng)聚落是一種文化景觀,具有重要的歷史、文化、藝術(shù)、科學(xué)、社會價值。在現(xiàn)代化的進程中,不少傳統(tǒng)聚落受到強烈的外來文化沖擊,原有的景觀特質(zhì)被破壞,歷史風(fēng)貌逐漸消退,傳統(tǒng)聚落景觀開始出現(xiàn)與城市景觀或其他地區(qū)聚落景觀雷同、缺乏地域特色和文化歷史內(nèi)涵等問題。在這種背景下,對傳統(tǒng)聚落的研究迫在眉睫。本文針對傳統(tǒng)聚落的景觀特質(zhì)進行研究,以期對傳統(tǒng)聚落的保護和發(fā)展提供一些理論依據(jù)。本文選擇石阡縣西南部地區(qū)的8個傳統(tǒng)聚落做為研究對象。這里歷來屬于經(jīng)濟欠發(fā)達地區(qū),其獨特的自然環(huán)境和文化背景使得當?shù)氐膫鹘y(tǒng)聚落景觀有著獨特的氣質(zhì),并且之前少有學(xué)者對此處進行研究。本文第一章介紹了研究的背景、意義、對象、方法、框架,并對相關(guān)概念進行了界定,并從文化景觀的角度出發(fā),將聚落景觀分解為聚落整體景觀特質(zhì)、聚居空間景觀特質(zhì)和非物質(zhì)景觀特質(zhì)這三部分。第二章通過對選址、山水環(huán)境、自然植被、農(nóng)田景觀、整體格局這些方面的解析研究聚落整體景觀特質(zhì)。第三章通過對規(guī)模與密度、形態(tài)布局、邊界、建筑、巷道、地標和其他構(gòu)筑物、色彩觀感這些景素的解析來研究聚居空間景觀特質(zhì)。第四章通過對歷史沿革、生活習(xí)俗、宗教信仰、審美觀念的解析來研究非物質(zhì)景觀特質(zhì)。第五章在上述研究的基礎(chǔ)上,深入挖掘石阡地區(qū)傳統(tǒng)聚落景觀特質(zhì)形成的內(nèi)在驅(qū)動機制。通過以上研究發(fā)現(xiàn),石阡縣西南部地區(qū)傳統(tǒng)聚落的整體景觀特質(zhì)有四點:聚落群山環(huán)繞,選址向陽;外部植被為常綠落葉混交林;內(nèi)部植被未經(jīng)雕琢,自由生長;梯田壯觀,生產(chǎn)方式傳統(tǒng)。建構(gòu)筑物景觀特質(zhì)有五點:規(guī)模不大,密度較高;建筑沿山體等高線平行布置;建筑為穿斗式木結(jié)構(gòu);民居為正房加側(cè)面吊腳廂房的組合;巷道狹窄幽深;整體色彩質(zhì)樸厚重。非物質(zhì)景觀特質(zhì)有七點:聚落景觀受宗族關(guān)系影響較深;各民族傳統(tǒng)服飾退出日常生活;受科舉文化和儒家文化影響的痕跡濃厚;非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)較多;居民日常生活恬淡質(zhì)樸;居民審美觀念契合自然;聚落的歷史傳說豐富。傳統(tǒng)聚落景觀特質(zhì)的形成受到自然因素機制有:自然環(huán)境影響了傳統(tǒng)聚落的物質(zhì)景觀和居民的生活方式;移民政策促成了傳統(tǒng)聚落的建設(shè)和非物質(zhì)景觀的形成;交通的繁榮促進了聚落物質(zhì)景觀的發(fā)展,交通的停滯保全了聚落景觀的風(fēng)貌;多元文化影響了聚落建筑的形式、居民的生活和習(xí)俗。
[Abstract]:Traditional settlement is a cultural landscape with important historical, cultural, artistic, scientific and social values.In the process of modernization, many traditional settlements have been strongly impacted by foreign culture, the original landscape characteristics have been destroyed, the historical features have gradually receded, and the traditional settlement landscape began to appear similar to the urban landscape or the settlement landscape in other areas.Lack of regional characteristics and cultural and historical connotations and other issues.In this context, the study of traditional settlements is imminent.In this paper, the landscape characteristics of traditional settlements are studied in order to provide some theoretical basis for the protection and development of traditional settlements.In this paper, 8 traditional settlements in southwest Shiqian County are selected as research objects.This area has always been an underdeveloped region, its unique natural environment and cultural background make the local traditional settlement landscape has a unique temperament, and there are few scholars to study here before.The first chapter introduces the background, significance, object, method, framework of the research, and defines the related concepts. From the perspective of cultural landscape, the settlement landscape is decomposed into the overall landscape characteristics of settlement.There are three parts: the characteristics of residential space landscape and the characteristics of immaterial landscape.The second chapter studies the overall landscape characteristics of settlements through the analysis of site selection, landscape environment, natural vegetation, farmland landscape and overall pattern.The third chapter studies the characteristics of residential space landscape through the analysis of scale and density, morphological layout, boundary, architecture, roadway, landmarks and other structures, color view.The fourth chapter studies the characteristics of immaterial landscape through the analysis of historical evolution, living customs, religious beliefs and aesthetic concepts.On the basis of the above research, the fifth chapter explores the intrinsic driving mechanism of the formation of traditional settlement landscape characteristics in Shipathians.Through the above study, it is found that the overall landscape characteristics of traditional settlements in southwestern Shiqian County are as follows: the settlement mountains are surrounded by mountains, and the location is sunny; the outer vegetation is evergreen and deciduous mixed forest; the interior vegetation is uncarved and freely growing; and the terrace is spectacular.Traditional mode of production.There are five characteristics of the landscape of the building structure: small scale, high density, parallel arrangement along the contour line of the mountain body, the building is a wooden structure with bucket type, the house is the combination of the main house and the side hanging wing house, the tunnel is narrow and deep, and the whole color is simple and heavy.There are seven characteristics of immaterial landscape: the settlement landscape is deeply influenced by clan relationship, the traditional costumes of all nationalities withdraw from daily life, the trace of imperial examination culture and Confucian culture is strong, the intangible cultural heritage is more;The daily life of residents is simple and simple; the aesthetic concept of residents is in accord with nature; the historical legends of settlements are rich.The formation of traditional settlement landscape is influenced by natural factors: the natural environment influences the material landscape of traditional settlement and the life style of residents, the immigration policy promotes the construction of traditional settlement and the formation of immaterial landscape;The prosperity of traffic promotes the development of settlement material landscape, the stagnation of traffic preserves the style of settlement landscape, and multiculturalism influences the form of settlement architecture, the life and custom of residents.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TU982.29

【參考文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前7條

1 周曉芳;周永章;;喀斯特城市空間結(jié)構(gòu)研究:以貴州省為例[J];熱帶地理;2008年03期

2 湯茂林,金其銘;文化景觀研究的歷史和發(fā)展趨向[J];人文地理;1998年02期

3 湯蕓;張原;張建;;從明代貴州的衛(wèi)所城鎮(zhèn)看貴州城市體系的形成機理[J];西南民族大學(xué)學(xué)報(人文社科版);2009年10期

4 劉濱誼,王云才;論中國鄉(xiāng)村景觀評價的理論基礎(chǔ)與指標體系[J];中國園林;2002年05期

5 麥琪·羅;韓鋒;徐青;;《歐洲風(fēng)景公約》:關(guān)于“文化景觀”的一場思想革命[J];中國園林;2007年11期

6 李和平;肖競;;我國文化景觀的類型及其構(gòu)成要素分析[J];中國園林;2009年02期

7 李智偉;;嬗變中的黔東民居——對貴州銅仁市和松桃苗族自治縣民居的考察[J];藝術(shù)探索;2008年04期

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前2條

1 王敏;清代貴州移民敘論[D];哈爾濱師范大學(xué);2009年

2 黎顥;黔東北傳統(tǒng)民居地域性營造研究[D];沈陽建筑大學(xué);2013年

，

本文編號：1707243