本文關(guān)鍵詞： 光伏 扶持政策 績效 發(fā)展過程　出處：《浙江財經(jīng)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著全球環(huán)境形勢日益嚴(yán)峻,能源短缺與需求矛盾日漸凸顯,開發(fā)利用新型能源成為我國產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整以及經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)型的重要環(huán)節(jié)。中國新時期規(guī)劃綱要已明確將新能源產(chǎn)業(yè)作為重要的發(fā)展方向之一,標(biāo)志著其進(jìn)入了新的時期。其中,太陽能因其分布廣泛,數(shù)量巨大,開發(fā)簡潔等原因,具有比其他新能源更大的優(yōu)勢。光伏是太陽能利用效率較高的方式,但目前我國光伏產(chǎn)業(yè)扶持政策有一些問題,嚴(yán)重制約光伏的市場績效的提升。本文首先研究回顧了我國光伏從誕生到現(xiàn)在的歷程,現(xiàn)存的矛盾,以及相關(guān)的扶持理論。并且對我國光伏產(chǎn)業(yè)進(jìn)行了績效評價,其中光伏產(chǎn)業(yè)的績效評價體系由三部分組成,第一部分為指標(biāo)部分,該部分由增長率,棄光率等組成。第二部分為DEA投入產(chǎn)出分析,選取投入的指標(biāo)為所選企業(yè)的工人人數(shù)、固定資產(chǎn),以及主營業(yè)務(wù)成本,所選取產(chǎn)出指標(biāo)為企業(yè)利潤。該部分選取31家我國上市的光伏企業(yè)作為樣本,然后利用DEAP軟件整體分析了我國光伏企業(yè)的純技術(shù)效率,規(guī)模效率等,并探討了我國光伏行業(yè)發(fā)展的走勢。第三部分為綜合判斷部分,判斷了光伏產(chǎn)業(yè)的秩序指數(shù)等。后根據(jù)DEA結(jié)果以及相關(guān)的數(shù)據(jù)事實分析得出我國光伏產(chǎn)業(yè)整體績效明顯低下,盈利能力差,生產(chǎn)效率低的結(jié)論。然后運用了數(shù)理分析法,案例分析法等方法分析討論了我國光伏產(chǎn)業(yè)績效低下與扶持政策之間的邏輯關(guān)系,探究了對光伏產(chǎn)業(yè)進(jìn)行扶持的必要性,以及如何扶持等問題,明確了在制定產(chǎn)業(yè)扶持政策時應(yīng)該從光伏產(chǎn)業(yè)的整個產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈視角出發(fā)的觀點。之后采用案例分析法,分析了國外光伏產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)達(dá)國家的相應(yīng)的扶持政策。最后對光伏的扶持模式提供優(yōu)化意見。第一,我國光伏的扶持政策應(yīng)著重光伏鏈的下游即光伏發(fā)電上網(wǎng)方面,促進(jìn)其有效進(jìn)步。第二,應(yīng)該加大對電力存儲方面-蓄電池產(chǎn)業(yè)的扶持,因為該產(chǎn)業(yè)對資本技術(shù)要求高且利潤率較低,如果沒有政府層面的扶持政策的實行,少有企業(yè)會進(jìn)入該領(lǐng)域,并且蓄電池的發(fā)展能夠在很大程度上改善光伏發(fā)電上網(wǎng)不穩(wěn)定的情況,進(jìn)而為我國光伏的進(jìn)步提供強大的推動力。第三,應(yīng)該學(xué)習(xí)西方發(fā)達(dá)國家在推廣其本國的新能源產(chǎn)業(yè)應(yīng)用方面所作出的諸如充分調(diào)動民間參與熱情,對光伏領(lǐng)域的民間資本的進(jìn)入進(jìn)行扶持等。
[Abstract]:With the increasingly severe global environmental situation, the contradiction between energy shortage and demand is becoming increasingly prominent. Development and utilization of new energy has become an important link in the adjustment of industrial structure and economic transformation in China. The new energy industry has been explicitly regarded as one of the important development directions in the outline of China's new period planning, which marks that it has entered a new period. Solar energy has more advantages than other new energy sources because of its wide distribution, huge quantity, simple development and so on. Photovoltaic is a more efficient way to use solar energy, but there are some problems in the policy of supporting photovoltaic industry in our country. Firstly, this paper reviews the history of photovoltaic industry in China from birth to now, the existing contradiction, and the relevant supporting theory, and evaluates the performance of photovoltaic industry in China. The performance evaluation system of photovoltaic industry is composed of three parts, the first part is the index part, the part is composed of the growth rate, the abandoned light rate and so on. The second part is the DEA input-output analysis. Fixed assets, and main business cost, the output index is enterprise profit. This part selects 31 photovoltaic enterprises listed in our country as samples, and then analyzes the pure technical efficiency of photovoltaic enterprises in our country by using DEAP software. Scale efficiency and so on, and discussed the development trend of photovoltaic industry in China. The third part is the comprehensive judgment part, After judging the order index of photovoltaic industry, according to the results of DEA and related data facts, the conclusion that the overall performance of photovoltaic industry in China is obviously low, the profitability is poor, the production efficiency is low, and then the mathematical analysis method is used. This paper analyzes and discusses the logical relationship between the low performance of photovoltaic industry and the supporting policy, probes into the necessity of supporting the photovoltaic industry, and how to support the photovoltaic industry. It is clear that the whole industry chain of photovoltaic industry should be viewed from the perspective of the whole industry chain when formulating the industrial support policy. Then the case analysis method is adopted. This paper analyzes the corresponding supporting policies of the developed countries in the photovoltaic industry abroad. Finally, it provides some suggestions on how to optimize the supporting mode of photovoltaic. Firstly, the supporting policy of photovoltaic in our country should focus on the downstream of the photovoltaic chain, that is, the photovoltaic power generation and access to the Internet. Second, more support should be given to the storage of electricity-battery industry, which requires high capital technology and low profit margins, if not implemented at the government level. Few enterprises will enter this field, and the development of batteries can greatly improve the instability of photovoltaic power generation, thus providing a powerful impetus for the progress of photovoltaic in our country. Third, We should learn from the western developed countries in promoting their own new energy industry applications, such as fully mobilize the enthusiasm of private participation, support the entry of private capital in the field of photovoltaic, and so on.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江財經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：F426.6

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