規(guī)律的太極拳練習(xí)對(duì)小學(xué)生體質(zhì)健康影響的研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-06-21 02:17
【摘要】：研究目的：我國(guó)小學(xué)生的體質(zhì)健康狀況一直備受關(guān)注，小學(xué)生身體形態(tài)、身體機(jī)能、身體素質(zhì)發(fā)展不協(xié)調(diào)的趨勢(shì)仍十分顯著，通過(guò)何種運(yùn)動(dòng)方式來(lái)改善小學(xué)生的體質(zhì)健康狀況迫在眉睫。太極拳具有良好的健身功能，但我國(guó)學(xué)者對(duì)太極拳的研究多集中在老年人或青年人身上，很少有人研究太極拳練習(xí)對(duì)小學(xué)生體質(zhì)的影響。太極拳在我國(guó)中小學(xué)的開展規(guī)模有待進(jìn)一步提升，通過(guò)對(duì)比發(fā)現(xiàn)，太極拳在我國(guó)中小學(xué)的開展規(guī)模遠(yuǎn)不及廣播操類課間活動(dòng)。針對(duì)以上矛盾，本論文將太極拳和小學(xué)生體質(zhì)有機(jī)結(jié)合，通過(guò)為期14周的實(shí)驗(yàn)干預(yù)，探尋太極拳對(duì)小學(xué)生體質(zhì)的影響，為小學(xué)生的體質(zhì)改善和太極拳在中小學(xué)的進(jìn)一步開展提供理論依據(jù)。 研究方法：實(shí)驗(yàn)前通過(guò)查閱文獻(xiàn)資料，了解我國(guó)小學(xué)生體質(zhì)現(xiàn)狀，太極拳的發(fā)展及健身功效，明確中小學(xué)體質(zhì)測(cè)試方法，，為論文的開展提供理論依據(jù)。選取濟(jì)南市實(shí)驗(yàn)初中全景校區(qū)3年級(jí)1班、3年級(jí)2班，5年級(jí)1班、5年級(jí)2班共計(jì)171人作為研究對(duì)象。將3年級(jí)1班、5年級(jí)1班作為實(shí)驗(yàn)班，進(jìn)行為期14周的八式太極拳練習(xí)；將3年級(jí)2班、5年級(jí)2班作為對(duì)照班，進(jìn)行為期14周的七彩陽(yáng)光廣播體操練習(xí)。選取身高、體重、肺活量、臺(tái)階試驗(yàn)、坐位體前屈、立定跳遠(yuǎn)、50米跑、50米×8折返跑、閉眼單腳站立為測(cè)試指標(biāo)，分別進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)前和實(shí)驗(yàn)后的測(cè)量。借助SPSS17.0數(shù)據(jù)處理軟件，對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)前后測(cè)得的數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行組間、組內(nèi)的統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)分析。 研究結(jié)果：①規(guī)律的體育運(yùn)動(dòng)能提高小學(xué)生的體質(zhì)水平：通過(guò)為期14周實(shí)驗(yàn)研究，實(shí)驗(yàn)組、對(duì)照組在身高、體重等身體形態(tài)指標(biāo)上，肺活量、臺(tái)階試驗(yàn)等身體機(jī)能指標(biāo)上，速度、耐力、柔韌、平衡等身體素質(zhì)指標(biāo)上均表現(xiàn)不同程度的提高現(xiàn)象，表明只要是規(guī)律的體育活動(dòng)，都能在一定程度上促進(jìn)了小學(xué)生的體質(zhì)改善。②規(guī)律的太極拳練習(xí)對(duì)小學(xué)生體質(zhì)改善具有顯著作用：雖然實(shí)驗(yàn)班、對(duì)照班在各項(xiàng)指標(biāo)上均存在不同程度的提高現(xiàn)象，但實(shí)驗(yàn)班較對(duì)照班效果明顯，尤其在改善小學(xué)生心肺耐力、柔韌性、平衡性素質(zhì)上作用顯著，說(shuō)明在改善小學(xué)生體質(zhì)健康水平上，太極拳具有其獨(dú)特的優(yōu)越性。③太極拳練習(xí)對(duì)不同年齡階段學(xué)生影響效果不同：總體來(lái)看，太極拳練習(xí)對(duì)五年級(jí)學(xué)生體質(zhì)的影響效果要大于處于三年級(jí)階段的學(xué)生，這與不同年齡階段的學(xué)生身體發(fā)育特點(diǎn)不同有關(guān)，應(yīng)針對(duì)不同年齡階段的學(xué)生，科學(xué)合理的安排太極拳練習(xí)。 建議：①各中小學(xué)應(yīng)充分利用課間體育活動(dòng)時(shí)間，組織有規(guī)律的體育運(yùn)動(dòng)，增強(qiáng)學(xué)生體質(zhì)。②可在部分中小學(xué)推廣課間太極拳練習(xí)，并協(xié)調(diào)太極拳和廣播體操的合理安排，緩解課間操單一枯燥的狀態(tài)。③武術(shù)專業(yè)類體育教師的匱乏也是造成太極拳在中小學(xué)開展遲緩的原因之一，有關(guān)部門應(yīng)重視加強(qiáng)對(duì)中小學(xué)太極拳師資力量的投入。
[Abstract]:Objective: the physical health status of primary school students in China has been concerned all the time. The trend of uncoordinated development of physical shape, body function and physical quality of primary school students is still very significant. It is urgent to improve the physical health status of primary school students through what kind of exercise. Taijiquan has a good fitness function, but most of the research on Taijiquan in our country focuses on the elderly or young people, and few people study the influence of Taijiquan practice on the physique of primary school students. The development scale of Taijiquan in primary and secondary schools in China needs to be further improved. through comparison, it is found that the scale of Taijiquan in primary and secondary schools in China is far less than that in broadcasting exercises. In view of the above contradictions, this paper combines Taijiquan with primary school students' physique organically, and explores the influence of Taijiquan on pupils' physique through 14 weeks of experimental intervention, so as to provide theoretical basis for the improvement of pupils' physique and the further development of Taijiquan in primary and secondary schools. Research methods: before the experiment, through consulting the literature, we can understand the present situation of primary and secondary school students' physique, the development of Taijiquan and the effect of fitness, and clarify the physical fitness test methods of primary and secondary schools, so as to provide the theoretical basis for the development of this paper. A total of 171 students were selected from Grade 3 Class 1, Grade 3 Class 2, Grade 5 Class 1 and Grade 5 Class 2 of Jinan Experimental Junior Middle School Panorama Campus. Class 1 of Grade 3 and Class 1 of Grade 5 were used as experimental classes to carry out eight Taijiquan exercises for 14 weeks, and Class 2 of Grade 3 and Class 2 of Grade 5 as control classes to carry out colorful sunshine broadcasting gymnastics exercises for 14 weeks. Height, weight, vital capacity, step test, sitting forward flexion, standing long jump, 50m race, 50m 脳 8 reverse running and standing on one foot with closed eyes were selected as test indexes to measure before and after the experiment. With the help of SPSS17.0 data processing software, the data measured before and after the experiment were statistically analyzed. Results: 1 regular sports can improve the physique level of primary school students: through a 14-week experimental study, the experimental group and the control group showed different degrees of improvement in the physical fitness indexes such as height, weight, vital capacity, step test, speed, endurance, flexibility, balance and so on, indicating that as long as it is a regular physical activity, To a certain extent, they can promote the improvement of pupils' physique. 2 the regular Taijiquan exercise has a significant effect on the improvement of pupils' physique: although there are different degrees of improvement in various indexes in the experimental class and the control class, the effect of the experimental class is more obvious than that of the control class, especially in improving the cardiopulmonary endurance, flexibility and balance quality of primary school students, indicating that it plays a significant role in improving the physical and health level of primary school students. Taijiquan has its unique advantages. 3 Taijiquan practice has different effects on students of different ages: generally speaking, the effect of Taijiquan practice on the physique of fifth graders is greater than that of students in the third grade, which is related to the different physical development characteristics of students of different ages. Taijiquan practice should be arranged scientifically and reasonably for students of different ages. Suggestions: (1) each primary and secondary school should make full use of the time of interclass sports, organize regular sports and enhance the physique of students. (2) Taijiquan practice can be popularized in some primary and secondary schools, and the reasonable arrangement of Taijiquan and broadcast gymnastics can be coordinated to alleviate the single boring state of interclass exercise. (3) the lack of physical education teachers in martial arts major is also one of the reasons for the slow development of Taijiquan in primary and secondary schools. Relevant departments should attach importance to strengthening investment in Taijiquan teachers in primary and secondary schools.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：G623.8
本文編號(hào)：2503708
[Abstract]:Objective: the physical health status of primary school students in China has been concerned all the time. The trend of uncoordinated development of physical shape, body function and physical quality of primary school students is still very significant. It is urgent to improve the physical health status of primary school students through what kind of exercise. Taijiquan has a good fitness function, but most of the research on Taijiquan in our country focuses on the elderly or young people, and few people study the influence of Taijiquan practice on the physique of primary school students. The development scale of Taijiquan in primary and secondary schools in China needs to be further improved. through comparison, it is found that the scale of Taijiquan in primary and secondary schools in China is far less than that in broadcasting exercises. In view of the above contradictions, this paper combines Taijiquan with primary school students' physique organically, and explores the influence of Taijiquan on pupils' physique through 14 weeks of experimental intervention, so as to provide theoretical basis for the improvement of pupils' physique and the further development of Taijiquan in primary and secondary schools. Research methods: before the experiment, through consulting the literature, we can understand the present situation of primary and secondary school students' physique, the development of Taijiquan and the effect of fitness, and clarify the physical fitness test methods of primary and secondary schools, so as to provide the theoretical basis for the development of this paper. A total of 171 students were selected from Grade 3 Class 1, Grade 3 Class 2, Grade 5 Class 1 and Grade 5 Class 2 of Jinan Experimental Junior Middle School Panorama Campus. Class 1 of Grade 3 and Class 1 of Grade 5 were used as experimental classes to carry out eight Taijiquan exercises for 14 weeks, and Class 2 of Grade 3 and Class 2 of Grade 5 as control classes to carry out colorful sunshine broadcasting gymnastics exercises for 14 weeks. Height, weight, vital capacity, step test, sitting forward flexion, standing long jump, 50m race, 50m 脳 8 reverse running and standing on one foot with closed eyes were selected as test indexes to measure before and after the experiment. With the help of SPSS17.0 data processing software, the data measured before and after the experiment were statistically analyzed. Results: 1 regular sports can improve the physique level of primary school students: through a 14-week experimental study, the experimental group and the control group showed different degrees of improvement in the physical fitness indexes such as height, weight, vital capacity, step test, speed, endurance, flexibility, balance and so on, indicating that as long as it is a regular physical activity, To a certain extent, they can promote the improvement of pupils' physique. 2 the regular Taijiquan exercise has a significant effect on the improvement of pupils' physique: although there are different degrees of improvement in various indexes in the experimental class and the control class, the effect of the experimental class is more obvious than that of the control class, especially in improving the cardiopulmonary endurance, flexibility and balance quality of primary school students, indicating that it plays a significant role in improving the physical and health level of primary school students. Taijiquan has its unique advantages. 3 Taijiquan practice has different effects on students of different ages: generally speaking, the effect of Taijiquan practice on the physique of fifth graders is greater than that of students in the third grade, which is related to the different physical development characteristics of students of different ages. Taijiquan practice should be arranged scientifically and reasonably for students of different ages. Suggestions: (1) each primary and secondary school should make full use of the time of interclass sports, organize regular sports and enhance the physique of students. (2) Taijiquan practice can be popularized in some primary and secondary schools, and the reasonable arrangement of Taijiquan and broadcast gymnastics can be coordinated to alleviate the single boring state of interclass exercise. (3) the lack of physical education teachers in martial arts major is also one of the reasons for the slow development of Taijiquan in primary and secondary schools. Relevant departments should attach importance to strengthening investment in Taijiquan teachers in primary and secondary schools.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：G623.8
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