本文選題：發(fā)球技術(shù) + 網(wǎng)球��； 參考：《成都體育學(xué)院》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：本文通過文獻(xiàn)資料法和三維錄像解析法對(duì)國(guó)際優(yōu)秀男子網(wǎng)球運(yùn)動(dòng)員諾瓦克·德約科維奇(Novak Djokovic)、馬林·西里奇(Marin Cilic)和4名國(guó)家二級(jí)網(wǎng)球運(yùn)動(dòng)員的一發(fā)平擊球內(nèi)角球的錄像進(jìn)行三維分析,得出技術(shù)特征數(shù)據(jù),并進(jìn)行比較,以利于國(guó)家二級(jí)網(wǎng)球運(yùn)動(dòng)員改進(jìn)發(fā)球技術(shù)動(dòng)作,同時(shí)也為我國(guó)優(yōu)秀網(wǎng)球運(yùn)動(dòng)員發(fā)球技術(shù)的提高提供一定的技術(shù)參考。通過分析德約科維奇和西里奇的發(fā)球技術(shù)動(dòng)作符合國(guó)內(nèi)外專家及學(xué)者的研究結(jié)果,兩人都采用不上步站位(foot-back)發(fā)球技術(shù),經(jīng)過研究其發(fā)球技術(shù)動(dòng)作均屬于鞭打范疇,揮拍發(fā)力順暢,下肢蹬地充分,屬于大關(guān)節(jié)帶動(dòng)小關(guān)節(jié)的運(yùn)動(dòng),是近端關(guān)節(jié)向遠(yuǎn)端關(guān)節(jié)的傳遞,為成都體育學(xué)院的國(guó)家二級(jí)網(wǎng)球運(yùn)動(dòng)員做了一個(gè)很好地發(fā)球示范。國(guó)家二級(jí)網(wǎng)球運(yùn)動(dòng)員與國(guó)際優(yōu)秀網(wǎng)球運(yùn)動(dòng)員相比較,在拋球舉拍階段:當(dāng)球離手時(shí)刻,4位國(guó)家二級(jí)網(wǎng)球運(yùn)動(dòng)員左肘都未伸直,只有鄭**較為與其接近。在出手速度上,鄭**表現(xiàn)較為穩(wěn)定,王**出手速度太大。在出手高度上趙**和徐**出手點(diǎn)在略高于身高的位置,鄭**和王**略低于身高的的位置。左膝屈膝最大時(shí)刻,4位國(guó)家二級(jí)網(wǎng)球運(yùn)動(dòng)員的右肩角和右肘角只有王**在這一時(shí)刻做的較為合理;趙**的肩部外旋、外展較大;徐**的右肘角屈曲不夠;鄭**的右肩外展不夠,右肘稍有夾肘。下肢關(guān)節(jié)的表現(xiàn):左膝角都小于右膝角,這說明引拍結(jié)束時(shí)刻,重心壓在了運(yùn)動(dòng)員的左腿上;整個(gè)階段腕關(guān)節(jié)都處于放松狀態(tài),肩髖環(huán)節(jié)投影角鄭**和王**比國(guó)際優(yōu)秀網(wǎng)球運(yùn)動(dòng)員的扭轉(zhuǎn)幅度還要大。背拍階段:身體重心高度與背拍下吊最低點(diǎn)的高度比較,4位國(guó)家二級(jí)網(wǎng)球運(yùn)動(dòng)員沒有一位重心高度高于背拍下吊最低點(diǎn)的高度的,4位國(guó)家二級(jí)網(wǎng)球運(yùn)動(dòng)員都存在背弓姿勢(shì)不夠充分或肩角、肘角以及腕角的屈伸不足導(dǎo)致背拍不充分。揮拍擊球階段,4位國(guó)家二級(jí)網(wǎng)球運(yùn)動(dòng)員在發(fā)球的站位姿勢(shì)與國(guó)際優(yōu)秀網(wǎng)球運(yùn)動(dòng)員一樣,都采用(foot-back)站位,從落差上來(lái)說,鄭**和徐**的落差分別為0.353 m和0.512m,趙**和王**的落差分別為0.847m和0.753m。本研究認(rèn)為提高擊球點(diǎn)的高度是比較好的,可以增加進(jìn)攻范圍范圍,趙**和王**應(yīng)減少拋球點(diǎn)的落差,有利于擊球穩(wěn)定性。西里奇持拍手一側(cè)的肩關(guān)節(jié)、肘關(guān)節(jié)、腕關(guān)節(jié)以及球拍在揮拍擊球階段的最大速度為:5.10m/s、8.53m/s、13.87m/s、26.83m/s;德約科維奇持拍手一側(cè)的肩關(guān)節(jié)、肘關(guān)節(jié)、腕關(guān)節(jié)以及球拍在揮拍擊球階段的最大速度為:4.98m/s、8.36m/s、13.73m/s、25.92m/s;與國(guó)際優(yōu)秀網(wǎng)球運(yùn)動(dòng)員相比較,而從上肢各關(guān)節(jié)的數(shù)據(jù)上來(lái)看,4位國(guó)家二級(jí)運(yùn)動(dòng)員也屬于鞭打動(dòng)作范疇。其拍頭速度:趙**(22.67m/s)、鄭**(23.89m/s)、徐**(24.48m/s)、王**(23.31m/s)等,4位國(guó)家二級(jí)網(wǎng)球運(yùn)動(dòng)員都不及國(guó)際優(yōu)秀網(wǎng)球運(yùn)動(dòng)員的拍頭速度。隨揮階段,從整個(gè)發(fā)球過程所用的時(shí)間來(lái)看,4位國(guó)家網(wǎng)球二級(jí)運(yùn)動(dòng)員隨揮階段,緩沖時(shí)間太久,不利于回?fù)粝乱换厍颉?br/>[Abstract]:In this paper, by using the method of literature and 3D video analysis, the authors have made a study of international elite men's tennis players Novak Djokovican, Ma Lin Cilicic and four national second-level tennis players. The video is analyzed in three dimensions, The technical characteristic data are obtained and compared in order to facilitate the national secondary tennis players to improve their serve technique and at the same time to provide a certain technical reference for the improvement of the serving techniques of our country's elite tennis players. Through the analysis of Djokovic and Silich's serve technique in accordance with the research results of experts and scholars at home and abroad, both of them adopt foot-back-serve technique, and after studying their serve technique, they both belong to the category of whipping. The swing force is smooth, the lower extremity pedals the ground fully, belongs to the big joint to drive the small joint movement, is the proximal joint to the distal joint transmission, has made a very good serve demonstration for the Chengdu Institute of physical Education national secondary tennis player. Compared with the international elite tennis players, the national secondary tennis players did not straighten out their left elbows when the ball was off their hands, only Zheng * was closer to it. In the release speed, Zheng * performance is more stable, Wang Li * too fast. At the height of the shot, Zhao and Xu were in a position slightly above height, while Zheng and Wang were slightly below height. The right shoulder angle and the right elbow angle of the four national secondary tennis players were only reasonably done at this moment; Zhao's shoulder spins and abduction were relatively large; Xu's right elbow angle was not flexion enough; and Zheng's right shoulder outreaching was not enough. The right elbow is slightly pinched. The performance of the lower limb joint: the angle of the left knee is smaller than the angle of the right knee, which means that at the end of the shooting, the center of gravity is pressed on the athlete's left leg; the wrist joint is in a relaxed state during the whole stage. The shoulder-hip projection angle Zheng and Wang are larger than the international elite tennis players. Stage of backbeat: height of body gravity center and height of the lowest point suspended by backbeat; none of the 4 national secondary tennis players with a height of gravity higher than the height of the lowest point of the back slapping hoist exists in all four national secondary tennis players The posture of the back bow is not enough or the angle of the shoulder is not enough, Insufficient flexion and extension of elbow angle and wrist angle lead to insufficient back pat. In the stage of batting, the four national second-tier tennis players used foot-back-based positions in the same position as the international elite tennis players. From the point of view of the drop, The differences between Zheng and Xu were 0.353 m and 0.512 m, respectively, and those of Zhao and Wang were 0.847 and 0.753 m, respectively. This study considers that it is better to raise the height of the batting point, which can increase the range of attack. Zhao and Wang should reduce the drop of the throwing point, which is beneficial to the stability of the shot. The maximum speed of Sitchie holding the shoulder, elbow, wrist and racket on the clapping side is: 5.10m / s / s 8.53m / s 13.87 m / s / s 26.83 m / s; Djokovic holds the shoulder joint, elbow joint on the clapping side. The maximum speed of wrists and rackets in the swing stage is: 4.98m / s 8.36m / s 13.73m / s 25.92 m / s; compared with the international elite tennis players, the four national second-level players are also in the category of whipping according to the data of the joints of the upper limbs. The beat speed of the four national second class tennis players is not as fast as that of the international elite tennis players. The beat speed of the four national tennis players is 22.67 m / s / s, 23.89 m / s / s, 24.48 m / s / s, and 23.31 m / s / s, respectively. From the time spent in the whole serve process, the four national second class tennis players have too long buffer time, which is not conducive to the return of the next ball.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：成都體育學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：G845

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