本文選題：宋代書院 + 學(xué)風(fēng)��； 參考：《北方工業(yè)大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：宋代是中國(guó)古代書院發(fā)展的巔峰時(shí)期,書院在數(shù)量和質(zhì)量上都有了質(zhì)的飛躍,其中四大書院無論在教育教學(xué)質(zhì)量還是人才培養(yǎng)模式方面,更是當(dāng)時(shí)眾多書院中的佼佼者。這一時(shí)期的書院不但吸引了一大批第一流的學(xué)者講學(xué)其中,而且培養(yǎng)了眾多的經(jīng)世致用之才。隨著自身的不斷完善和發(fā)展,宋代書院形成了既不同于前代書院也有別于當(dāng)時(shí)官學(xué)的學(xué)風(fēng),這種學(xué)風(fēng)反過來也對(duì)書院的教師和學(xué)生產(chǎn)生了積極地影響,從而影響到當(dāng)時(shí)以及后世的學(xué)風(fēng)發(fā)展方向。 本文分四部分進(jìn)行研究。第一部分對(duì)文章的研究意義和目的,以及國(guó)內(nèi)外書院研究綜述進(jìn)行了闡述,結(jié)合宋代歷史背景和文化傳統(tǒng)對(duì)評(píng)選樣板書院的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)進(jìn)行了討論,以書院在當(dāng)時(shí)及后世的影響、民間力量在書院的比例多少、理學(xué)在書院的發(fā)展?fàn)顩r、理學(xué)大師對(duì)書院及生徒的影響幾個(gè)方面作為主要評(píng)定標(biāo)準(zhǔn),并著重考察有關(guān)書院史的專著和文章中出現(xiàn)頻率較高的幾所書院,來對(duì)比評(píng)選出宋代“四大書院”。并對(duì)古今學(xué)風(fēng)概念和范疇作了分析比較,得出由于時(shí)代和社會(huì)發(fā)展?fàn)顩r不同,受當(dāng)時(shí)社會(huì)政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化等因素的影響,使得“學(xué)風(fēng)”一詞的概念與內(nèi)容也有差異。第二部分是分析宋代書院學(xué)風(fēng)的形成,在歷史背景下對(duì)宋代書院學(xué)風(fēng)的形成、發(fā)展體系以及興起的原因進(jìn)行了論述和研究。對(duì)宋之前的書院體系進(jìn)行了介紹,并確定了在書院發(fā)展最繁榮的宋時(shí)期,岳麓、白鹿洞、石鼓、嵩陽(yáng)四所書院是眾多書院仿效建設(shè)的模板。其次,就宋代理學(xué)在書院學(xué)風(fēng)的影響上,對(duì)作為書院基礎(chǔ)的程朱理學(xué)進(jìn)行了深入研究,并分析了書院與理學(xué)關(guān)系,書院教育機(jī)制的形成,理學(xué)對(duì)書院的教育目的,教學(xué)內(nèi)容和方法等方面的影響,以及理學(xué)對(duì)于促進(jìn)宋代書院優(yōu)良學(xué)風(fēng)所起到的作用。第三部分研究了宋代書院學(xué)風(fēng)的內(nèi)容及特征,概括出學(xué)風(fēng)的表現(xiàn)形式為學(xué)規(guī)、教師、生徒三者,學(xué)規(guī)成為學(xué)風(fēng)的規(guī)章從根本上對(duì)書院師生起著約束和制約作用；教師作為傳播學(xué)風(fēng)的主要力量成為學(xué)風(fēng)的主導(dǎo)；學(xué)生作為優(yōu)良學(xué)風(fēng)的受益群體成為學(xué)風(fēng)的載體。同時(shí)對(duì)宋代書院學(xué)風(fēng)特點(diǎn)作了闡述,其是在糾正科舉不正之風(fēng)的過程中實(shí)現(xiàn)的,它是通過理學(xué)探索與書院教學(xué)相結(jié)合,學(xué)術(shù)研究和講學(xué)相結(jié)合來實(shí)現(xiàn)的,并且在這個(gè)過程中具有了自由爭(zhēng)辯和討論的氛圍以及師生求實(shí)求真的為學(xué)精神等特點(diǎn)。最后的啟示部分,以書院學(xué)風(fēng)在當(dāng)時(shí)及后世的影響來研究宋代書院學(xué)風(fēng)對(duì)于當(dāng)今高校的借鑒意義。
[Abstract]:The Song Dynasty was the peak of the development of ancient academies in China. The academies made a qualitative leap in both quantity and quality. The four academies, whether in terms of educational quality or talent training model, were the best among the numerous academies at that time.The academy during this period not only attracted a large number of first-class scholars to lecture among them, but also cultivated a large number of practical talents.With the continuous improvement and development of itself, the academies of the Song Dynasty formed a style of study different from that of the former academies as well as that of the officials at that time, which, in turn, had a positive impact on the teachers and students of the academies.Thus affecting the development direction of the style of study at that time and later generations.This paper is divided into four parts.In the first part, the significance and purpose of the article, as well as the summarization of academies at home and abroad are expounded, and the criteria of selecting model academies are discussed in combination with the historical background and cultural tradition of the Song Dynasty, so as to discuss the influence of the academies at that time and in later generations.The proportion of folk forces in the Academy, the development of Neo-Confucianism in the Academy, and the influence of the Master of Neo-Confucianism on the College and its students are the main assessment criteria.In order to compare and select "four academies" in Song Dynasty, the monograph about the history of academies and several academies with high frequency in articles were investigated.By analyzing and comparing the concepts and categories of ancient and modern style of study, it is concluded that the concept and content of the word "style of study" are different because of the different times and social development conditions and the influence of social politics, economy, culture and other factors at that time.The second part is to analyze the formation of the academy style of study in the Song Dynasty. In the historical background, the formation, development system and the reasons for the rise of the learning style of the academies in the Song Dynasty are discussed and studied.This paper introduces the academy system before the Song Dynasty, and determines that the four academies in Yuelu, Bailu Cave, Shigu and Songyang are the models for many academies to emulate and build in the Song Dynasty, which is the most prosperous period for the development of the academies.Secondly, the influence of Neo-Confucianism in the Song Dynasty on the style of study of academies is deeply studied, and the relationship between the academies and Neo-Confucianism, the formation of the educational mechanism of the academies, the purpose of Neo-Confucianism to the academies of learning are also analyzed.The influence of teaching contents and methods, and the role of Neo-Confucianism in promoting the fine style of study of academies in Song Dynasty.The third part studies the content and characteristics of the style of study in the academies of Song Dynasty, and generalizes that the forms of the style of study are academic rules, teachers, students and students, and the rules of learning rules as a style of study play a fundamental role in constraining and restricting the teachers and students of the academies.As the main force of the style of communication, teachers become the dominant force of the style of study, and the students, as the beneficial group of excellent style of study, become the carriers of the style of study.At the same time, it expounds the characteristics of the style of study of academies in the Song Dynasty. It is realized in the process of correcting the unhealthy style of imperial examinations. It is realized through the combination of Neo-Confucianism exploration and academy teaching, academic research and lecture.And in this process with the atmosphere of free debate and discussion, as well as teachers and students seeking truth for the spirit of learning and so on.In the last part, the influence of academy style of study at that time and later generations is studied to study the significance of learning style of academies in Song Dynasty to colleges and universities.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北方工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：G649.299

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本文編號(hào)：1753020