【摘要】：隨著計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)的高速發(fā)展,程序設(shè)計(jì)教學(xué)正在受到各個(gè)學(xué)校越來(lái)越多重視。國(guó)際大學(xué)生程序設(shè)計(jì)競(jìng)賽(ACM International Collegiate Programming Contest,簡(jiǎn)稱(chēng)ACM/ICPC)作為一種全新的培養(yǎng)計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)頂尖學(xué)生的方式很快受到各個(gè)大學(xué)的積極響應(yīng)。目前有很多ACM程序設(shè)計(jì)選手積累自己平時(shí)做題的解題思路,并將這些解題思路上傳到他們的Blog上以分享給程序設(shè)計(jì)愛(ài)好者參考學(xué)習(xí)。這些題解報(bào)告都是分散地存在網(wǎng)絡(luò)上,但有些題目之間很類(lèi)似,重復(fù)學(xué)習(xí)不能帶來(lái)實(shí)質(zhì)性的進(jìn)展。目前有一些大牛來(lái)根據(jù)自己多年的做題經(jīng)驗(yàn)進(jìn)行總結(jié)分析自己所做過(guò)的題目,很多初學(xué)者跟著大牛的腳步在前進(jìn)。但是互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上的題目浩如煙海,單憑個(gè)人的人力是很難對(duì)其進(jìn)行全面的研究。因此,需要一種有效的方法來(lái)分析解題報(bào)告,包括其中的解題思路和程序代碼。最終在解題思路與解題思路之間建立聯(lián)系,在程序代碼與程序代碼之間建立聯(lián)系,和在解題思路與程序代碼之間建立聯(lián)系,形成三維一體的有機(jī)體,從而更有效地進(jìn)行教育教學(xué)以及個(gè)性化學(xué)習(xí)。本文分別對(duì)解題報(bào)告中的程序設(shè)計(jì)代碼和解題思路進(jìn)行分析處理,具體如下：1)對(duì)JAVA程序代碼的處理。首先,由于JAVA程序代碼編寫(xiě)的靈活性,直接將其送給機(jī)器進(jìn)行處理會(huì)比較麻煩。本文將其進(jìn)行詞法分析和語(yǔ)法分析轉(zhuǎn)換成與其一一對(duì)應(yīng)的語(yǔ)法樹(shù),處理起來(lái)方便了很多。然后,本文想讓機(jī)器能夠根據(jù)語(yǔ)義自動(dòng)處理這些數(shù)據(jù),但語(yǔ)法樹(shù)中并沒(méi)有明確的語(yǔ)義標(biāo)簽,因此我們了結(jié)合擁有語(yǔ)義標(biāo)簽的本體技術(shù),將JAVA程序代碼使用本體表示。其次,JAVA程序代碼使用本體表示后,我們可以自己寫(xiě)代碼來(lái)檢索想要的算法結(jié)構(gòu)。但這樣比較麻煩,本文通過(guò)本體查詢(xún)語(yǔ)句描述算法結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)查詢(xún)算法,并且這些查詢(xún)語(yǔ)句是根據(jù)代碼或偽代碼自動(dòng)生成的。本體查詢(xún)語(yǔ)言的語(yǔ)法規(guī)則很適合描述算法結(jié)構(gòu),并且本體查詢(xún)語(yǔ)言擁有強(qiáng)大的推理能力,為算法識(shí)別提供了很好的支持。最后,將算法使用本體查詢(xún)語(yǔ)言描述查找類(lèi)似的算法,根據(jù)查詢(xún)結(jié)果在算法之間建立聯(lián)系。2)對(duì)解題思路的處理。參加ACM比賽的學(xué)生很多,數(shù)以萬(wàn)計(jì)的題目以及解題報(bào)告分散在網(wǎng)絡(luò)中。課題組中已有同學(xué)根據(jù)專(zhuān)家?guī)熘蓄A(yù)定義的算法類(lèi)別對(duì)解題報(bào)告進(jìn)行分類(lèi),但是預(yù)定義的專(zhuān)家?guī)炀哂幸欢ǖ木窒扌�。本文首先使用自然語(yǔ)言處理技術(shù)處理解題報(bào)告中的解題思路,自動(dòng)獲取算法名,形成知識(shí)庫(kù),用于對(duì)題目分類(lèi)。解題思路中很多描述算法的語(yǔ)句具有一些特定的模式,本文使用斯坦福大學(xué)的中文分詞器和解析器工具,對(duì)這些語(yǔ)句按照特定的模式進(jìn)行分析處理,自動(dòng)獲取算法名,形成知識(shí)庫(kù)。有了知識(shí)庫(kù)后,我們就可以在解題思路中查找知識(shí)庫(kù)中所包含的算法,并根據(jù)具體的算法在解題思路之間建立聯(lián)系。由于解題報(bào)告中解題思路與程序代碼是一一對(duì)應(yīng)的,根據(jù)一個(gè)解題思路,我們可以找到與其有關(guān)系的其他解題思路所對(duì)應(yīng)的程序代碼,最終在解題思路與程序代碼之間建立聯(lián)系。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of computer technology, more and more schools are paying attention to the teaching of computer programming. The ACM International Collegiate Programming Contest (ACM/ICPC), as a brand-new way to train top students in computer science, has been actively responded by universities. At present, many ACM programmers accumulate and upload their usual problem-solving ideas to their blogs to share with programming enthusiasts for reference. Many beginners are following Daniel's footsteps. But there are so many problems on the Internet that it is difficult to do a comprehensive research on them solely by human resources. Finally, it establishes the connection between the solution idea and the solution idea, between the program code and the program code, and between the solution idea and the program code, so as to form a three-dimensional organic entity, so as to carry out education, teaching and personalized learning more effectively. First of all, because of the flexibility of JAVA program code writing, it will be more troublesome to send it directly to the machine for processing. This paper converts the lexical analysis and syntax analysis into one-to-one correspondence. The syntax tree is much easier to handle. Then, we want the machine to process the data automatically according to the semantics, but there is no explicit semantic tag in the syntax tree, so we use ontology to represent the JAVA program code. Secondly, after using ontology to represent the JAVA program code, we can This paper describes the algorithm structure by ontology query statements, and these query statements are generated automatically according to code or pseudocode. The syntax rules of ontology query language are very suitable for describing the algorithm structure, and ontology query language has powerful. Finally, the algorithm uses ontology query language to describe and find similar algorithms, and establishes a relationship between algorithms according to the query results. 2) Processing of problem solving ideas. Many students participate in ACM competitions, tens of thousands of topics and problem solving reports are scattered in the network. Some students classify problem-solving reports according to the predefined algorithmic categories in the expert database, but the predefined expert database has some limitations. Firstly, this paper uses natural language processing technology to deal with the problem-solving ideas in the problem-solving reports, automatically acquires algorithm names, and forms a knowledge base for problem classification. The statements of the algorithm have some specific patterns. This paper uses the Chinese word segmentation and parser tools of Stanford University to analyze and process these statements according to the specific patterns, automatically obtain the algorithm name and form a knowledge base. According to the specific algorithm, the connection is established between the solution ideas. Because the solution ideas and program codes are one-to-one correspondence in the solution report, according to a solution idea, we can find the program codes corresponding to other solution ideas related to it, and finally establish the connection between the solution ideas and program codes.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東華大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TP311.1-4;G642

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本文編號(hào)：2223145