發(fā)布時間：2018-01-18 05:26

  本文關(guān)鍵詞：義務(wù)教育公共服務(wù)均等化的制度構(gòu)建　出處：《華東師范大學》2017年博士論文　論文類型：學位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 義務(wù)教育 公共服務(wù) 均等化 制度構(gòu)建

【摘要】：公共服務(wù)是現(xiàn)代經(jīng)濟學和管理學中一項十分重要的研究。2002年黨的十六大報告明確提出公共服務(wù)是政府的四項基本職能之一。2005年黨的十六屆五中全會通過的《關(guān)于制定第十一個五年規(guī)劃的建議》(以下簡稱《十一五建議》)首次提出了 "公共服務(wù)均等化原則"。義務(wù)教育公共服務(wù)均等化是基本公共服務(wù)均等化的重要組成部分�！秶抑虚L期教育改革和發(fā)展規(guī)劃綱要(2010-2020)》(以下簡稱《教育規(guī)劃綱要》)明確提出要"建成公共教育服務(wù)體系,實現(xiàn)基本公共教育服務(wù)均等化"。國家諸多方針和政策的反復強調(diào)凸顯了教育基本公共服務(wù)均等化的重要性。本論文以制度分析為研究視角,綜合運用以下四種方法開展了研究探索。首先,運用文獻分析法,在全面查閱我國有關(guān)義務(wù)教育法律、法規(guī)和政策文本,梳理義務(wù)教育制度形成與變遷過程的基礎(chǔ)上,對義務(wù)教育公共服務(wù)均等化的基本理論進行了較系統(tǒng)的學理闡釋;第二,使用問卷調(diào)查法,采用分層抽樣和隨機抽樣的方式,對我國東、中、西部12個省份的多個區(qū)、縣義務(wù)教育階段學校的基本情況、教育投入、辦學條件、師資配置等基本公共服務(wù)狀況進行了實證調(diào)查,以分析不同地區(qū)間義務(wù)教育公共服務(wù)均等化進程中存在的問題、差異及差異分布,為論文的比較分析和政策設(shè)計提供實證基礎(chǔ);第三,使用個人和群體訪談法,對問卷調(diào)查中無法觸及的隱性問題、教育領(lǐng)域關(guān)注度較高的、有價值的焦點問題進行了追問,以更具體地了解均等化推進過程中遇到的突出和棘手問題,從而把握現(xiàn)實中義務(wù)教育公共服務(wù)在各方面的真實樣態(tài);第四,使用比較研究法,分析比較了同一教育指標在不同地區(qū)之間的差異、不同國家為實現(xiàn)義務(wù)教育公共服務(wù)均等所確定的政策法規(guī)和政策建議、不同時期我國義務(wù)教育公共服務(wù)的制度發(fā)展歷程以及不同地區(qū)、機構(gòu)或者學者提出的教育均衡指標內(nèi)容,為最終制度構(gòu)建的理論構(gòu)想和實踐改進拓寬思路�；谝陨媳尘昂脱芯糠椒�,本論文著重從以下五個方面展開了研究。第一,理論解讀。論文以制度的視野厘定了均等、均等化、基本公共服務(wù)、制度、教育制度、義務(wù)教育公共服務(wù)均等化的基本涵義,進而闡述了義務(wù)教育公共服務(wù)均等化的制度類型、制度屬性和制度特征,為全文深入探究義務(wù)教育公共服務(wù)均等化提供一致的研究立場和理論基礎(chǔ)。第二,制度發(fā)展。論文從中、外兩個維度剖析了義務(wù)教育公共服務(wù)均等化的時代演進,為當前的制度創(chuàng)新提供歷史參照和經(jīng)驗借鑒。論文先行闡釋了制度變遷的相關(guān)理論;隨后,剖析了美國、英國和日本等發(fā)達國家義務(wù)教育公共服務(wù)均等化的制度建設(shè)經(jīng)驗及其問題;最后,中國以1986年《義務(wù)教育法》頒布為界,剖析了頒布之前的普及教育和頒布后的義務(wù)教育發(fā)展成就和改革需要,并對義務(wù)教育公共服務(wù)均等化的制度發(fā)展進行了價值分析。第三,現(xiàn)實審視。論文對我國目前義務(wù)教育公共服務(wù)均等化的制度進行了現(xiàn)實分析和診斷,為新的制度構(gòu)建和精準施策提供依據(jù)�，F(xiàn)實審視以法規(guī)性義務(wù)教育公共服務(wù)規(guī)定、政策性義務(wù)教育公共服務(wù)規(guī)定和技術(shù)性教育公共服務(wù)考量指標作為衡量依據(jù),從經(jīng)費投入、辦學條件、教師隊伍和教育機會四個方面對我國目前的義務(wù)教育公共服務(wù)均等化的現(xiàn)實狀態(tài)進行了剖析,同時反思了取得成就和存在問題的深層社會原因。第四,制度構(gòu)建。論文論證了義務(wù)教育公共服務(wù)均等化制度構(gòu)建的理性構(gòu)想,以確保制度安排的科學性和操作性。其理性構(gòu)想的合理架構(gòu)是:價值取向的選擇,即全納、公平、優(yōu)質(zhì)、良序;制度理念的滴定,即底線公平、利益均衡、增量改革、統(tǒng)籌兼顧;服務(wù)對象的確證,即優(yōu)先面向老少邊窮島地區(qū)兒童、隨遷兒童、留守兒童、殘疾兒童和學困兒童,底線服務(wù)制度要向這些群體傾斜;落實服務(wù)的環(huán)境審度,即制度環(huán)境、資源環(huán)境和文化環(huán)境。第五,制度推進。論文從投入、監(jiān)管和評估三方面嘗試提出了促進義務(wù)教育公共服務(wù)均等化的制度設(shè)計和重點策略。投入制度的構(gòu)建和落實包括:立法立規(guī)貫徹執(zhí)行,全力做好轉(zhuǎn)移支付,適時做大"以省為主",努力做優(yōu)投入結(jié)構(gòu),積極做廣社會資金。監(jiān)管制度的構(gòu)建和落實包括:有效監(jiān)管教師隊伍建設(shè)、有效監(jiān)管教育機會均等、有效監(jiān)管辦學條件改進,并建立有效監(jiān)管的長效機制;評估制度的構(gòu)建和落實包括:精準科學的評價體系建設(shè),規(guī)范多元的績效評估過程,動態(tài)及時的評估結(jié)果反饋,健全明確的評估法律保障。在這個綜合體系中,投入制度是根本,監(jiān)管、評估制度是保證。
[Abstract]:Public service is the sixteen report of modern economics and management is a very important research in the.2002 school year party clearly put forward the public service government is one of the four basic functions of.2005 party in the fifth Plenary Session of the 16th CPC Central Committee through "on the development of five year plan proposal > eleventh (hereinafter referred to as the" 11th Five-Year proposal >) is proposed for the first time the principle of equalization of public services. The equalization of educational public service obligation is an important part of the equalization of basic public services. The national long-term education reform and development plan (2010-2020) > (hereinafter referred to as the "education plan") explicitly proposed to "build public education service system, to achieve the equalization of basic public education services" many countries. Policy repeatedly highlights the importance of equalization of basic public services in education. This thesis takes institutional analysis as the research perspective, the integrated use of the Four kinds of methods to carry out research. Firstly, using literature analysis, in full access to the compulsory education law in China, regulations and policies of the text, form the basis of the compulsory education system and the change of carding process, carried out a systematic explanation of the basic theory of compulsory education equalization of public service; second. Using the method of questionnaire investigation, using stratified sampling and random sampling, in East China, in many areas of 12 provinces in West China, the basic situation of the school, the county compulsory education investment, school conditions, the status of basic public services, the allocation of teachers makes an empirical investigation, to analyze the existing obligations between different regions education in the process of public services equalization problems, and differences in the distribution of the difference, and provide empirical basis for the comparative analysis and policy design; third, the use of individual and group interviews, questionnaire for free Hidden problems touched, the field of education a high degree of attention, focus value further, to a more detailed understanding of the equalization in the process encountered prominent and difficult problems, so as to grasp the true state of the compulsory education in the reality of public services in all aspects; fourth, the use of comparative research method, comparative analysis the difference in education indicators between different regions, policies and regulations and policies in different countries to realize the equalization of public services of compulsory education in different periods of history, the development of China's compulsory education system of public services and in different regions, balanced education index content of the institution or the scholars, to broaden the thought for the theory and practice of the final the system is improved. The above research based on the method of this paper from the following five aspects of the research. First, based on the system theory of interpretation. The view of determining the equalization, equalization, basic public service, system, education system, the basic meaning of the public service equalization of compulsory education, and expounds the system of public service equalization of compulsory education, the characteristics of system attributes and system for the in-depth exploration of compulsory education equality of public services to provide a consistent position and research second. The theoretical basis, system development. From the outside, the two dimensions of analysis of the evolution of public service equalization of compulsory education, to provide historical reference and experience for the system innovation. The thesis first explains the theory of institutional change; then analyzes the American experience, system construction and problems of compulsory education development Britain and Japan the equalization of public services; finally, China in 1986 < compulsory education law > promulgated as circles, analyzes the popularity of education enacted before and after the promulgation of the The need of the development of compulsory education and reform achievements, analyzed the value of compulsory education equalization of public service system development. Third. The reality of the real diagnosis and analysis of China's current compulsory education equalization of public service system, the new system construction and precise measures and policies provide the basis for reality. The provisions of regulations of compulsory education policy of compulsory education, public service, public service provision and technical education public service indicators as a measure of the basis, from the funding, school conditions, the four aspects of teachers and educational opportunities to analyze China's current compulsory education equalization of public service status and also reflects the deep the social reasons of achievements and problems. In fourth, construction of the system. This thesis demonstrates the rational conception of constructing compulsory equalization of education system, to To ensure that the institutional arrangements of the scientific and operational framework. The reasonable rational idea is: the choice of value orientation, that is inclusive, equitable, high-quality, well ordered; titration system concept, namely fairness, balance of interests, incremental reform, overall consideration; confirmation of service object, which is a priority for children in underdeveloped areas of the island, with the move children, left-behind children, disabled children and children with learning difficulties, the bottom line service system should tilt to these groups; to implement a service environment, namely system environment, resource environment and culture environment. Fifth. From the system to promote investment, supervision and evaluation of three aspects to put forward to promote the system design and the key strategy of the equalization of public services compulsory education investment system. The construction and implementation of legislation include: carrying out, to make timely transfer payment, and "to save", and strive to do the investment structure, actively do wide social capital Construction supervision system and implement effective supervision include: the construction of teachers, the effective supervision of equal opportunity in education, school conditions to improve the effective supervision, and establish a long-term mechanism of effective supervision; evaluation system construction and implementation including: precise scientific evaluation system, standardize the performance evaluation process of multiple, dynamic and timely feedback of evaluation result. Perfect clear assessment of legal protection. In this integrated system, investment system is fundamental, supervision, assessment system is the guarantee.

【學位授予單位】：華東師范大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：G522.3

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