【摘要】：表時(shí)間范疇的“在”字結(jié)構(gòu)是漢語中一個(gè)重要的語法，也是對外漢語教學(xué)的難點(diǎn)之一。本文對表時(shí)間范疇的“在”字結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的闡述和歸納，并對外國留學(xué)生習(xí)得時(shí)的偏誤情況進(jìn)行了分析，結(jié)合對外漢語教學(xué)，從教師、教學(xué)、教材三方面對對外漢語教學(xué)提出了相應(yīng)的建議。 第一章是本文的緒論部分。主要包括研究的背景、選題目的及意義、文章的理論基礎(chǔ)、主要研究方法、寫作思路及框架、語料說明六個(gè)部分。 第二章是文獻(xiàn)綜述。本章從古代和現(xiàn)代兩個(gè)時(shí)期對表時(shí)間范疇“在”字結(jié)構(gòu)的研究進(jìn)行綜述。 第三章是表時(shí)間范疇“在”字結(jié)構(gòu)的句法研究。本文將表時(shí)間范疇的“在”字結(jié)構(gòu)分成了七類：在……之前（以前，前）、在……之后（以后，后）、在……的時(shí)候（時(shí)節(jié)，時(shí)，之際，同時(shí)）、在……里（內(nèi)，期間，中）、在……前后、在……和特殊情況。從在句子里的位置、分布頻率、“在”字結(jié)構(gòu)中詞語的詞性和在句子中的成分等方面進(jìn)行研究。本章還著重介紹了表時(shí)間范疇介詞“在”的隱現(xiàn)問題，得出了隱現(xiàn)的條件。 第四章是對表時(shí)間范疇“在”字結(jié)構(gòu)的偏誤分析。本章依據(jù)HSK動態(tài)作文語料庫，對表時(shí)間范疇“在”字結(jié)構(gòu)的偏誤進(jìn)行了分析，找出了偏誤的類型：遺漏、誤加、誤代和特殊情況。 第五章是表時(shí)間范疇“在”字結(jié)構(gòu)產(chǎn)生偏誤的原因。根據(jù)第五章的分析，找出了產(chǎn)生偏誤的三大主要原因：母語負(fù)遷移、目的語知識過度泛化和學(xué)生回避策略。 第六章是表時(shí)間范疇“在”字結(jié)構(gòu)的對外漢語教學(xué)建議。在前幾章的基礎(chǔ)上，總結(jié)出解決表時(shí)間范疇“在”字結(jié)構(gòu)在教學(xué)中出現(xiàn)問題的三個(gè)方法：以框式介詞為單位進(jìn)行教學(xué)、近義介詞辨析和調(diào)動學(xué)生積極性。 最后結(jié)語部分將本文的研究成果進(jìn)行總結(jié)，，并指出文章的創(chuàng)新之處及不足。
[Abstract]:The structure of "Zai" in time category is an important grammar in Chinese, and also one of the difficulties in teaching Chinese as a foreign language. In this paper, the structure of the word "Zai" in the time category is elaborated and summarized in detail, and the errors in the acquisition of foreign students are analyzed, combining with the teaching of Chinese as a foreign language, from the teacher to the teaching. Three aspects of teaching materials for the teaching of Chinese as a foreign language to put forward the corresponding recommendations. The first chapter is the introduction of this paper. It mainly includes the background of the research, the purpose and significance of the selected topic, the theoretical basis of the article, the main research methods, the writing ideas and framework, and the six parts of corpus description. The second chapter is the literature review. This chapter summarizes the structure of the word "Zai" from ancient and modern periods. The third chapter is the syntactic study of the word structure of "Zai" in the category of time. In this paper, the "in" structure of time category is divided into seven categories: in. Before (before, before), before. After (after, after), after. Time (season, hour, moment, time), at the same time. Li (inside, period, middle), in. Before and after. And special circumstances. This paper studies the position, distribution frequency, the word's part of speech and the composition of the sentence in the structure of "Zai" word. This chapter also introduces the hidden problem of the preposition "Ze" in the category of time, and obtains the condition of concealment. The fourth chapter is the error analysis of the word structure of table time category "Zai". Based on the HSK dynamic composition corpus, this chapter analyzes the errors in the word structure of the time category "Zai", and finds out the types of errors: omissions, misadditions, error-substitution and special cases. The fifth chapter is the reason of the error in the word structure of the time category. According to the analysis in Chapter 5, three main causes of errors are found: negative transfer of mother tongue, overgeneralization of target language knowledge and students' avoidance strategies. The sixth chapter is the teaching suggestion of Chinese as a foreign language. On the basis of the previous chapters, this paper summarizes three methods to solve the problems in the teaching of the "Zaizao" word structure: teaching with frame prepositions, discriminating and arousing students' enthusiasm. Finally, the conclusion summarizes the research results and points out the innovations and shortcomings of the paper.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：遼寧師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：H195.3

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