本文關鍵詞： 對外漢語課堂教學 感知結構 特殊性 教師 對外漢語教學 處理教材 語言習得 課堂組織 階段教學 外國學生　出處：《漢語學習》1992年02期 　論文類型：期刊論文

【摘要】：正對外漢語課堂教學有其特殊性,這似乎是個不證自明的問題。關于如何把握這種特殊性,又被表述為一個課堂藝術的問題。當我們進一步追問:這種特殊性的科學根據(jù)是什么?其結構性內(nèi)容是什么?有什么原則可遵循?這時就會發(fā)現(xiàn)一些規(guī)律性的東西尚有待于分析探索。也只有對這些規(guī)律深刻認識之后,才能更自覺地把握對外漢語課堂教學的特殊性,從而將科學分析和藝術把握這兩種截然不同的方式結合在一起,達到提高教學質(zhì)量的目的。 (一)問題的提出及依據(jù) (1)語言教學的特點 語言是文化的重要內(nèi)容和表征、媒介,各民族文化的特點在其語言中均有微妙的對應和體現(xiàn)。人之所以能成為社會人在于社會化過程,實現(xiàn)社會化過程又必須借助語言習得。而語言習得的機制便是人的感知結構。感知結構既是人和語言之間的中介裝置,又是人對文化的內(nèi)化裝置。不同文化背景下的人在感知結構上既有生物學和人類學意義的相同之處,又有文化意義上的差別之處。不同的價值觀念、信仰、思維、行為規(guī)范等都在人的感知結構上打下烙印,并作用于語言行為和語言習得過程。所以,對外漢語教學的特殊性是以教學對象的感
[Abstract]:The classroom teaching of Chinese as a foreign language has its own particularity, which seems to be a self-evident problem. It is also described as a question of classroom art. When we further ask: what is the scientific basis for this particularity? What is its structural content? What are the principles to follow? At this time, we will find that some regular things have yet to be analyzed and explored. Only when we have a deep understanding of these laws can we grasp more consciously the particularity of teaching Chinese as a foreign language. In order to improve the quality of teaching, the two distinct ways of scientific analysis and artistic mastery are combined. (1) the question and the basis of language teaching are the characteristics of language teaching, which is the important content and representation of culture. The characteristics of the media and the cultures of various nationalities have subtle correspondence and embodiment in their languages. The reason why people can become social people lies in the process of socialization. The mechanism of language acquisition is human perceptual structure, which is the intermediary between human and language. People in different cultural backgrounds not only have similarities in biological and anthropological meanings, but also differences in cultural meanings. Different values, beliefs, thinking, The behavior norms are imprinted on the perceptual structure of human beings and act on language behavior and language acquisition process. Therefore, the particularity of teaching Chinese as a foreign language is based on the sense of the teaching object.
【作者單位】： 西安外國語學院中國語言文化培訓中心

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