本文選題：歷史教學(xué)　切入點(diǎn)：科學(xué)精神　出處：《聊城大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：歷史學(xué)的科學(xué)精神是指一種基于個(gè)人獨(dú)立思考和實(shí)證分析的求是思維、求真態(tài)度。它反對(duì)人云亦云、捕風(fēng)捉影、論點(diǎn)先行,強(qiáng)調(diào)依據(jù)材料說(shuō)話,有一份材料說(shuō)一份話,不作沒(méi)有依據(jù)的妄斷。只有具備了科學(xué)思維、求真精神的人,才能理性地看待問(wèn)題,冷靜地解決所遇到的難題。本文從三個(gè)方面,探討了如何在中學(xué)歷史課堂中塑造學(xué)生的科學(xué)精神。第一章分析了客觀立場(chǎng)與科學(xué)精神培養(yǎng)之間的關(guān)系。所謂客觀立場(chǎng),就是超越個(gè)人情感,從中立角度看待問(wèn)題。養(yǎng)成一種客觀立場(chǎng),有助于學(xué)生拋棄個(gè)人先入為主的好惡,從客觀角度去分析和理解歷史。本章首先介紹了何為史學(xué)的客觀立場(chǎng),并提出客觀立場(chǎng)養(yǎng)成的幾個(gè)方面,認(rèn)為可以通過(guò)客觀閱讀和理解歷史事件、人物等方面來(lái)引導(dǎo)學(xué)生形成客觀立場(chǎng)。第二章分析了史料熏陶與科學(xué)精神培養(yǎng)之間的關(guān)系。史料是進(jìn)行歷史研究的基本憑借,沒(méi)有史料,就不可能復(fù)原歷史。依據(jù)材料說(shuō)話,一切判斷都從材料得來(lái),這是歷史科學(xué)精神的集中體現(xiàn)。所以,在中學(xué)歷史課堂中,引導(dǎo)學(xué)生形成“有一份材料說(shuō)一份話”的史料意識(shí)和歷史思維,對(duì)于他們理性、科學(xué)地看待和解決問(wèn)題,具有極為重要的意義。第三章分析了論文寫(xiě)作與科學(xué)精神培養(yǎng)之間的關(guān)系�？茖W(xué)精神是一種合理有據(jù)的思維模式,要想讓學(xué)生將科學(xué)精神內(nèi)在化,形成不自覺(jué)的習(xí)慣,就必須訓(xùn)練他們撰寫(xiě)歷史小論文。撰寫(xiě)歷史小論文是最好的科學(xué)思維訓(xùn)練方式。訓(xùn)練學(xué)生掌握學(xué)術(shù)規(guī)范和組織文字的過(guò)程,有助于學(xué)生養(yǎng)成嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)谋硎隽?xí)慣、合理的思維邏輯和科學(xué)的分析能力。中學(xué)歷史教學(xué)固然應(yīng)該將提高學(xué)生考試成績(jī)作為核心目標(biāo),但是從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)來(lái)看,只有幫助學(xué)生真正領(lǐng)會(huì)歷史學(xué)習(xí)的精髓,掌握歷史研究所隱含的科學(xué)精神,才能從根本上提高學(xué)生分析和解決問(wèn)題的能力。
[Abstract]:The scientific spirit of history refers to a kind of seeking truth thinking based on individual independent thinking and empirical analysis. It opposes others to follow the others' lines, catches the shadow of others, puts the argument first, emphasizes to speak according to the material, and has a piece of material to say a word. Only those who have the scientific thinking and the spirit of seeking truth can treat problems rationally and calmly solve the problems encountered. This paper discusses how to shape the students' scientific spirit in the history class of middle school. The first chapter analyzes the relationship between the objective stand and the cultivation of the scientific spirit. It is helpful for students to abandon their preconceived likes and dislikes, and to analyze and understand history from an objective point of view. And put forward several aspects of developing objective position, think that through objective reading and understanding of historical events, The second chapter analyzes the relationship between the edification of historical materials and the cultivation of scientific spirit. Historical data is the basic basis for historical research. Without historical data, it is impossible to recover history. All judgments come from materials, which is a concentrated embodiment of the spirit of historical science. Therefore, in the history class of middle schools, students are guided to form the historical material consciousness and historical thinking of "having a piece of material to say a word", for them to be rational. It is of great significance to treat and solve problems scientifically. Chapter three analyzes the relationship between the writing of papers and the cultivation of scientific spirit. The spirit of science is a reasonable and well-founded mode of thinking, in order to make students internalize the spirit of science. In order to form an unconscious habit, they must be trained to write a history essay. Writing a history paper is the best training method for scientific thinking. It trains students to master the process of academic norms and the organization of writing. It is helpful for students to form rigorous expression habits, reasonable thinking logic and scientific analytical ability. Although the history teaching in middle school should take the improvement of students' test scores as the core goal, in the long run, Only by helping students to understand the essence of history study and grasp the scientific spirit implied in history research can students' ability of analyzing and solving problems be improved fundamentally.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：聊城大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：G633.51

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 王濱;對(duì)弘揚(yáng)科學(xué)精神的哲學(xué)思考[J];同濟(jì)大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(社會(huì)科學(xué)版);2002年02期

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前4條

1 禹天佑;中學(xué)歷史教育中學(xué)生的科學(xué)精神培養(yǎng)研究[D];內(nèi)蒙古師范大學(xué);2013年

2 和靜;對(duì)袁世凱的教學(xué)研究[D];陜西師范大學(xué);2013年

3 于笑梅;初中歷史教學(xué)與學(xué)生科學(xué)精神的培養(yǎng)[D];東北師范大學(xué);2011年

4 何苗;中學(xué)歷史教學(xué)與科學(xué)精神培養(yǎng)[D];華中師范大學(xué);2008年

，

本文編號(hào)：1683780