【摘要】：我國電子政務(wù)經(jīng)過二十多年的發(fā)展,取得了眾所周知的巨大成績,但是電子政務(wù)的發(fā)展同樣面臨諸多的問題,如：信息孤島現(xiàn)象普遍、建設(shè)成本過高、數(shù)據(jù)開放不足、協(xié)調(diào)困難、低水平重復(fù)建設(shè)情況嚴(yán)重、整體滿意度降低等,這些問題成為當(dāng)前電子政務(wù)發(fā)展首先要解決的關(guān)鍵問題。造成這類問題的原因十分復(fù)雜,如果僅僅在原有電子政務(wù)建設(shè)模式的基礎(chǔ)上加強(qiáng)管理和監(jiān)督,推動局部的改進(jìn),無疑是治標(biāo)不治本。必須充分認(rèn)識到電子政務(wù)發(fā)展過程中的復(fù)雜性,針對復(fù)雜性問題制定有關(guān)策略和具體措施,才能從根本上提升電子政務(wù)的整體水平。而大數(shù)據(jù)理念的迅速普及、技術(shù)的快速發(fā)展和應(yīng)用的不斷深入為電子政務(wù)的發(fā)展提供了新的思路。如何以政務(wù)大數(shù)據(jù)的開發(fā)、開放、應(yīng)用促進(jìn)大數(shù)據(jù)產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展,如何進(jìn)行政務(wù)大數(shù)據(jù)系統(tǒng)的建設(shè)來促進(jìn)電子政務(wù)的發(fā)展成為政府部門和專家學(xué)者研究的熱門話題。本文運(yùn)用大數(shù)據(jù)思維和系統(tǒng)思維并結(jié)合復(fù)雜系統(tǒng)理論,將政務(wù)大數(shù)據(jù)系統(tǒng)建設(shè)看成是一個復(fù)雜系統(tǒng)。對政務(wù)大數(shù)據(jù)系統(tǒng)的內(nèi)涵、復(fù)雜性、管理對策和關(guān)鍵架構(gòu)的設(shè)計進(jìn)行了研究。首先,文章分析了政務(wù)大數(shù)據(jù)系統(tǒng)的內(nèi)涵。接著,文章從大數(shù)據(jù)與大矛盾、電子政務(wù)悖論和政務(wù)大數(shù)據(jù)發(fā)展障礙的復(fù)雜性(主要包括要素、結(jié)構(gòu)、狀態(tài)和過程四個方面的復(fù)雜性)等方面對政務(wù)大數(shù)據(jù)存在問題的復(fù)雜性進(jìn)行了研究；同時結(jié)合復(fù)雜系統(tǒng)理論,指出政務(wù)大數(shù)據(jù)系統(tǒng)是一個復(fù)雜系統(tǒng),分析了政務(wù)大數(shù)據(jù)系統(tǒng)作為一個社會系統(tǒng)表現(xiàn)出的開放性、多層次性、涌現(xiàn)性、巨大性、非平衡性和自適應(yīng)性等復(fù)雜性特征。然后,指出了要讓政務(wù)大數(shù)據(jù)系統(tǒng)呈現(xiàn)出最佳的整體涌現(xiàn)性,必須立足系統(tǒng)本身的復(fù)雜性,并從復(fù)雜系統(tǒng)視角提出了政務(wù)大數(shù)據(jù)的4條發(fā)展策略：基于政務(wù)服務(wù)大數(shù)據(jù)中心的復(fù)雜網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化策略；具有分形特點(diǎn)的塊數(shù)據(jù)發(fā)展策略；以大整合促進(jìn)大涌現(xiàn)的大數(shù)據(jù)發(fā)展策略；自組織與他組織共同作用的發(fā)展策略。最后,對政務(wù)大數(shù)據(jù)系統(tǒng)的關(guān)鍵架構(gòu)進(jìn)行了設(shè)計,即基于云計算的政務(wù)公共平臺的架構(gòu)設(shè)計、政務(wù)服務(wù)大數(shù)據(jù)公共平臺的整體框架設(shè)計以及政務(wù)服務(wù)大數(shù)據(jù)中心的組織架構(gòu)設(shè)計。
[Abstract]:After more than 20 years of development, E-government in our country has made great achievements, but the development of e-government also faces many problems, such as: the phenomenon of information isolated islands is common, the construction cost is too high, and the data opening is insufficient. It is difficult to coordinate, the low level of repeated construction is serious, and the overall satisfaction is reduced. These problems have become the first key issues to be solved in the development of E-government. The causes of this kind of problems are very complex. If we only strengthen the management and supervision on the basis of the original e-government construction mode, and promote the partial improvement, it is undoubtedly that the symptoms are not treated at all. In order to improve the overall level of e-government, we must fully recognize the complexity in the development of e-government, and formulate relevant strategies and concrete measures to solve the complexity problems. The rapid popularization of big data's idea, the rapid development of technology and the deepening of application have provided new ideas for the development of e-government. How to develop and open up the government affairs big data, how to promote the industrial development of big data industry, and how to build the system of the government administration big data system to promote the development of e-government has become a hot topic for government departments and experts and scholars to study. In this paper, big data thinking and system thinking combined with complex system theory are used to regard the system construction as a complex system. This paper studies the connotation, complexity, management countermeasure and key structure design of big data system. First of all, the article analyzes the connotation of government affairs big data system. Then, the article starts with the complexity of big data and the big contradiction, the paradox of e-government and the obstacles to the development of the government, including the elements, structure, etc. This paper studies the complexity of the problems existing in the government affairs big data from the four aspects of complexity of state and process. Combined with the complex system theory, this paper points out that the government affairs big data system is a complex system, and analyzes the openness, multi-level, emergence, and huge performance of the government affairs big data system as a social system. Complexity features such as non-equilibrium and self-adaptation. Then, it is pointed out that in order for the government affairs big data system to present the best overall emergence, it must be based on the complexity of the system itself. From the perspective of complex system, this paper puts forward four development strategies of government affairs big data: the optimization strategy of complex network structure based on big data center of government affairs service; The development strategy of block data with fractal characteristics; big data's development strategy of promoting emergence with great integration; and the development strategy of self-organization and other organizations working together. Finally, the key architecture of the government big data system is designed, that is, the architecture design of the public government platform based on cloud computing. The overall framework design of big data public platform and the organizational structure design of big data Center.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣東技術(shù)師范學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：D63;N941.4

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