本文選題：地方政府 + 權(quán)力清單制度　； 參考：《湘潭大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：地方政府權(quán)力清單制度是以地方政府權(quán)力清單為核心的,關(guān)于政府權(quán)力及權(quán)力運(yùn)行的一套制度體系,雖然在我國(guó)尚處于探索發(fā)展階段,但卻凸顯了獨(dú)特的制度優(yōu)勢(shì),不僅對(duì)限制政府權(quán)力,遏制權(quán)力腐敗,建設(shè)法治政府有重要的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義,而且對(duì)推進(jìn)政府行政體制改革,激發(fā)市場(chǎng)活力也影響深刻。但是,地方政府權(quán)力清單制度也面臨著諸多現(xiàn)實(shí)問(wèn)題:在基本內(nèi)容的設(shè)置上,地方政府權(quán)力清單制度存在地區(qū)性差異較大,缺乏相對(duì)明確統(tǒng)一標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的問(wèn)題;在法律依據(jù)的設(shè)定上,地方政府權(quán)力清單制度的法律依據(jù)存在新舊法依據(jù)不一,法律位階不清甚至與法律法規(guī)規(guī)定不一的問(wèn)題;在配套機(jī)制建設(shè)上,缺乏統(tǒng)一標(biāo)準(zhǔn),責(zé)任清單不完善,配套監(jiān)督機(jī)制不健全,尚未形成動(dòng)態(tài)的職權(quán)調(diào)整和長(zhǎng)效管理機(jī)制;此外,部分地方政府的權(quán)力清單內(nèi)容存在過(guò)于簡(jiǎn)單、籠統(tǒng)的問(wèn)題,不僅難以起到界定和規(guī)范政府用權(quán)的作用,給行政相對(duì)人也造成了不便。地方政府權(quán)力清單制度之所以存在上述問(wèn)題,主要原因有:一是地方政府政務(wù)的相對(duì)獨(dú)立性,導(dǎo)致地方政府在職能部門(mén)設(shè)置及職權(quán)劃分上存在較大差異,而且地方政府權(quán)力清單制度的建立及實(shí)施均需要一定時(shí)間,這導(dǎo)致權(quán)力清單制度的發(fā)展呈現(xiàn)了較大地區(qū)性差異。二是我國(guó)的法律體系呈現(xiàn)復(fù)雜性特征,不僅體系龐大,甚至有些法律法規(guī)存在矛盾沖突或漏洞,有待健全。三是地方政府權(quán)力清單制度缺乏系統(tǒng)的頂層設(shè)計(jì),責(zé)任清單、負(fù)面清單建設(shè)尚處于探索階段,權(quán)力監(jiān)督制約機(jī)制也不完善。四是某些地方政府對(duì)其權(quán)力清單編制機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)置缺乏應(yīng)有重視,缺乏廣泛的民主科學(xué)參與機(jī)制。要解決地方政府權(quán)力清單制度面臨的現(xiàn)實(shí)問(wèn)題,必須在深入剖析問(wèn)題原因的基礎(chǔ)上對(duì)癥下藥:堅(jiān)持法治標(biāo)準(zhǔn),嚴(yán)格依法設(shè)置地方政府權(quán)力清單;優(yōu)化頂層設(shè)計(jì),完善地方政府權(quán)力清單制度配套制度;完善參與機(jī)制,科學(xué)合理設(shè)置地方政府權(quán)力清單編制主體。
[Abstract]:The power list system of local government is based on the list of powers of local government. Although the system of government power and its operation is still in the stage of exploration and development in our country, it highlights its unique institutional advantages. It is not only of practical significance to limit government power, curb power corruption and build a government ruled by law, but also has a profound impact on promoting the reform of government administration system and arousing market vitality. However, the local government power list system also faces many practical problems: in the basic content, the local government power list system has regional differences, lack of relatively clear and unified standards; In terms of the legal basis, the legal basis of the list of powers of the local government is different from the old one, the rank of the law is not clear and even that of the laws and regulations, and there is a lack of uniform standards in the construction of the supporting mechanism. The list of responsibilities is not perfect, the supporting supervision mechanism is not perfect, and a dynamic power adjustment and long-term management mechanism has not yet been formed. In addition, some local governments have too simple and general issues in the contents of the list of powers. It is not only difficult to define and standardize government power, but also inconvenience to administrative counterpart. The main reasons for the existence of the above problems are as follows: first, the relative independence of the local government administration leads to great differences in the establishment and division of the functions and powers of the local government. Moreover, the establishment and implementation of the power list system of local government takes a certain time, which leads to a great regional difference in the development of the power list system. Second, the legal system of our country is characterized by complexity, not only the system is huge, but also some laws and regulations have contradictions or loopholes, which need to be perfected. Thirdly, the local government power list system lacks the top-level design of the system, the construction of responsibility list and negative list is still in the exploratory stage, and the mechanism of power supervision and restriction is not perfect. Fourth, some local governments lack due attention to the establishment of their power list organization, and lack of extensive democratic scientific participation mechanism. In order to solve the practical problems faced by the local government power list system, we must, on the basis of in-depth analysis of the causes of the problems, give the right remedy to the case: adhere to the rule of law standard, strictly set up the local government power list in accordance with the law, and optimize the top-level design. Perfect the supporting system of the local government power list system, perfect the participation mechanism, set up the main body of the local government power list scientifically and rationally.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湘潭大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：D630

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