發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-06-11 10:20

  本文選題：供暖鍋爐改造工程 + 過(guò)程管理　； 參考：《吉林大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：市政工程是城市的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施工程的重要組成部分，市政工程的質(zhì)量事故的社會(huì)危害嚴(yán)重，不但會(huì)影響群眾公共利益、政府和黨在群眾中的形象，嚴(yán)重的還會(huì)威脅到人民群眾的生命和財(cái)產(chǎn)安全。中國(guó)政府一貫對(duì)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的建設(shè)十分重視，專(zhuān)門(mén)發(fā)布通知，要求加強(qiáng)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)的質(zhì)量管理，落實(shí)相關(guān)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的責(zé)任制，以保障人民生命財(cái)產(chǎn)安全和公共利益。隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)快速發(fā)展，，政府有了更資金投入市政工程建設(shè)之中，盡管市政工程因投資大、對(duì)社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)起重要作用而廣受關(guān)注，監(jiān)督管理的力度不斷加大，但是工程中的質(zhì)量問(wèn)題、浪費(fèi)問(wèn)題依然很?chē)?yán)重，因此在市政工程管理方面的研究是十分必要，也是十分急迫的。 國(guó)外市政工程多采用過(guò)程管理的方法，其優(yōu)勢(shì)體現(xiàn)在：工程項(xiàng)目的管理單位和施工單位均采用專(zhuān)業(yè)隊(duì)伍，人員素質(zhì)較高，同時(shí)注重教育與專(zhuān)業(yè)技能的培訓(xùn)工作，強(qiáng)化施工人員的質(zhì)量意識(shí)，使全體人員參與到質(zhì)量控制中來(lái)；由于受行政干預(yù)較少，工程在工期管理方面更合理、更科學(xué)，有助于保證工程質(zhì)量。通過(guò)學(xué)習(xí)國(guó)外管理經(jīng)驗(yàn)，國(guó)內(nèi)一些工程項(xiàng)目也采用了這種管理方式。實(shí)踐表明，過(guò)程管理方法對(duì)保證工程質(zhì)量、控制建設(shè)成本、保障項(xiàng)目工期等方面具有重要作用。 國(guó)內(nèi)市政工程受行政干預(yù)較多，管理上較為落后。表現(xiàn)在對(duì)工程前期論證不夠重視，工程管理隊(duì)伍、施工隊(duì)伍專(zhuān)業(yè)技術(shù)人員匱乏，施工過(guò)程管理較粗放，多為事后管理，這種管理方式容易造成投資超過(guò)預(yù)算，工程的質(zhì)量也難以保證，由于工程隱患和質(zhì)量問(wèn)題往往在事后才被發(fā)現(xiàn)，難以得到及時(shí)處理，而造成較大損失。 本文通過(guò)工業(yè)工程理論知識(shí)學(xué)習(xí)，結(jié)合過(guò)程控制、全面質(zhì)量管理的相關(guān)理論、方法和理念，參考這一領(lǐng)域?qū)＜覍W(xué)者的研究成果，總結(jié)市政工程管理中的一些經(jīng)驗(yàn)，認(rèn)為引入過(guò)程管理，可以有效保證市政工程的質(zhì)量。過(guò)程管理從市政工程項(xiàng)目的前期策劃與決策開(kāi)始，直至工程竣工運(yùn)營(yíng)，對(duì)項(xiàng)目的各階段、各環(huán)節(jié)，尤其是對(duì)工程質(zhì)量、進(jìn)度影響較大的環(huán)節(jié)進(jìn)行控制、監(jiān)督和管理。 隨著社會(huì)與經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展，人民生活水平的提高，工程質(zhì)量涵蓋的范圍越來(lái)越廣泛，不僅僅局限于簡(jiǎn)單的工程施工質(zhì)量。因此過(guò)程管理要完成的目標(biāo)和任務(wù)包括：工程項(xiàng)目的質(zhì)量、工程項(xiàng)目的進(jìn)度、工程項(xiàng)目的成本、環(huán)境保護(hù)、職業(yè)健康和社會(huì)效益等6個(gè)方面。 北京經(jīng)濟(jì)技術(shù)開(kāi)發(fā)區(qū)對(duì)區(qū)內(nèi)東工業(yè)區(qū)和三羊社區(qū)鍋爐房改造工程是配合北京市完成“十二五”期間“北京市清潔空氣行動(dòng)計(jì)劃”而進(jìn)行的項(xiàng)目，工程將原有的燃煤供暖鍋爐改造為燃?xì)夤┡仩t。改造后，每年可減少煙塵排放25.852噸、二氧化硫137.338噸、氮氧化物47.053噸、爐渣1492.944噸、粉煤灰163.19噸，環(huán)境效益顯著。 在項(xiàng)目實(shí)施過(guò)程中，建設(shè)單位對(duì)工程從前期論證開(kāi)始至供暖運(yùn)營(yíng)進(jìn)行了全過(guò)程的控制、監(jiān)督和管理。管理措施包括控制工程進(jìn)度的措施、控制建設(shè)成本的措施和保障工程質(zhì)量的措施等。 通過(guò)整個(gè)工程周期的過(guò)程管理，開(kāi)發(fā)區(qū)綜配區(qū)亦莊東工業(yè)區(qū)、三羊小區(qū)鍋爐房改造工程在供暖期之前按時(shí)完成，工程質(zhì)量通過(guò)初步驗(yàn)收，居民對(duì)供暖質(zhì)量總體滿(mǎn)意；在勞動(dòng)力成本增加、原材料價(jià)格上漲的條件下，工程投資基本按預(yù)算完成；工程施工期間未發(fā)生安全責(zé)任事故，未收到環(huán)保方面的舉報(bào)與投訴。工程在管理和質(zhì)量控制方面是成功的。 考察市政工程的質(zhì)量是一個(gè)長(zhǎng)期、系統(tǒng)的過(guò)程。就本次鍋爐改造工程而言，在工程涉及范圍之內(nèi)，鍋爐房建設(shè)的質(zhì)量、供暖鍋爐的質(zhì)量、供水系統(tǒng)的質(zhì)量、供暖管線(xiàn)的質(zhì)量都會(huì)影響供暖服務(wù)的質(zhì)量；而在更大的范疇中：市政天然氣、市政自來(lái)水、市政排水、市政供電、市政通訊、道路交通、建筑質(zhì)量（居民建筑的保溫性能），整體系統(tǒng)中任一環(huán)節(jié)的質(zhì)量問(wèn)題，都可能對(duì)供暖質(zhì)量造成影響。保障市政工程系統(tǒng)中各個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)的質(zhì)量，對(duì)整個(gè)系統(tǒng)正常運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)、服務(wù)十分重要。因此，盡管過(guò)程管理需要建設(shè)部門(mén)投入更多人力、資金，需要建立專(zhuān)業(yè)技術(shù)隊(duì)伍，但就這一點(diǎn)來(lái)看，是必要的，也是值得的。
[Abstract]:Municipal Engineering is an important part of the infrastructure project of the city. The social harm of the quality accidents of municipal engineering is serious. It will not only affect the public interests, but also the image of the government and the party in the masses, and the serious threat to the people's life and property security. In order to ensure the safety of the people's life and property and the public interests, the government has paid more money to the construction of municipal engineering, although the municipal engineering has played an important role in the social economy. The intensity of supervision and management is increasing, but the problem of quality and waste in the project is still very serious. Therefore, it is very necessary and urgent to study the management of municipal engineering.
The method of process management is mostly adopted in foreign municipal engineering. Its advantages are as follows: the management unit and the construction unit of the project are all with professional team, high quality of personnel, at the same time pay attention to the training work of education and professional skills, strengthen the quality consciousness of the construction personnel, and make all the staff participate in the quality control. The project is more reasonable and more scientific and helps to ensure the quality of the project. Through the study of foreign management experience, some domestic engineering projects have also adopted this management method. The practice shows that the process management method plays an important role in guaranteeing the quality of the project, controlling the construction cost, and guaranteeing the project time.
There are many administrative interventions in domestic municipal engineering, and the management is relatively backward. It is manifested in the lack of attention to the early demonstration of the project, the engineering management team, the lack of professional and technical personnel of the construction team, the extensive management of the construction process and the post management, which easily causes the investment to exceed the budget, and the quality of the project is difficult to guarantee, because of the engineering quality. Cheng Yinhuan and quality problems are often found after the event, which is difficult to deal with in time, resulting in greater losses.
Based on the theoretical knowledge of industrial engineering, the related theories, methods and concepts of total quality management are combined with process control, and the research results of experts and scholars in this field are used to sum up some experiences in municipal engineering management. It is believed that the quality of municipal engineering can be effectively guaranteed by the introduction of process management. Process management is from municipal engineering projects. The early planning and decision-making start until the completion of the project operation, all stages of the project, each link, especially the quality of the project, the progress of the greater impact of the process of control, supervision and management.
With the development of society and economy and the improvement of people's living standards, the scope of engineering quality covers more and more widely, not limited to simple construction quality. Therefore, the objectives and tasks to be completed by process management include: the quality of the project, the progress of the project, the cost of the project, the environmental protection, the occupational health and the society. It will benefit 6 aspects.
The reconstruction project of Beijing economic and Technological Development Zone on the inner east industrial area and the San sheep community boiler room is a project carried out in conjunction with the "12th Five-Year" "Beijing clean air action plan" during the "12th Five-Year" period in Beijing. The project transforms the original coal-fired heating boiler into a gas heating boiler. After the transformation, 25.852 tons of smoke and dust can be reduced each year. 137.338 tons of sulfur dioxide, 47.053 tons of nitrogen oxides, 1492.944 tons of slag, 163.19 tons of fly ash, and significant environmental benefits.
During the implementation of the project, the construction unit controls, supervises and manages the whole process from the beginning of the early demonstration to the heating operation. The management measures include measures to control the progress of the project, the measures to control the cost of construction and the measures to ensure the quality of the project.
Through the process management of the whole period of the project, the Yizhuang East Industrial District of the comprehensive distribution area, the transformation project of the boiler room of the three sheep residential district was completed on time before the heating period. The quality of the project passed the preliminary acceptance, and the residents were satisfied with the heating quality as a whole; under the condition of the increase of labor cost and the rising of the raw material price, the project investment was basically completed according to the budget. No accidents occurred during the construction period, and no environmental protection reports and complaints were received. The project was successful in management and quality control.
The quality of the boiler building, the quality of the heating boiler, the quality of the water supply system and the quality of the heating line will affect the quality of the heating service in the scope of the boiler renovation project. In the larger category, the municipal natural gas and the municipal government are in the larger scope. Water, municipal drainage, municipal power supply, municipal communications, road traffic, building quality (thermal insulation performance of residential buildings), quality problems in any part of the whole system may affect the quality of heating. It is important to ensure the quality of every link in the municipal engineering system and the service of the whole system. It is necessary and worthwhile for the construction department to invest more manpower and capital and build up a professional and technical team.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TU832;TU71

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本文編號(hào)：2004903