【摘要】：與非政府投資相比,政府投資作為國家宏觀調(diào)控的一項重要手段,在促進經(jīng)濟增長、提高社會福利和改善生態(tài)環(huán)境等方面發(fā)揮著至關(guān)重要的作用。改革開放以來,我國市場經(jīng)濟取得了飛躍性的發(fā)展,但由于社會各個領(lǐng)域和各個地區(qū)的經(jīng)濟發(fā)展程度不一,其失衡情況既不可一概而論,亦不可同日而語,此時需要的是因地制宜與隨機應(yīng)變的能力。在這一宏觀經(jīng)濟背景下,對于政府投資效應(yīng)的理論和實證研究已經(jīng)成為社會所關(guān)注的焦點。安徽省作為中部大省,在"承東啟西"方面的作用日益突出。近年來,其政府投資的力度亦在不斷增強,經(jīng)濟得以較快發(fā)展,并且人民生活質(zhì)量亦得以不斷提高,但其社會中所存在的問題卻日益凸顯,在制約安徽省社會經(jīng)濟發(fā)展水平進一步提高的同時,也對全省人民生活水平的改善造成了不利的影響。因此,研究安徽省政府投資的經(jīng)濟增長效應(yīng)、社會福利效應(yīng)和生態(tài)環(huán)境效應(yīng)不僅具有一定的理論意義,而且具有重要的實踐指導意義�；跀�(shù)據(jù)的完整性與可比性,本文選取"國家預算資金SBF"這一指標來反映政府投資的變化情況,"非政府投資NGI"這一指標來反映非政府投資的變化情況,其中該指標是指安徽省固定資產(chǎn)投資總額中扣除國家預算資金后的余額。本文涉及的指標數(shù)據(jù)均來源于《安徽省統(tǒng)計年鑒》,且為消除通貨膨脹因素對指標數(shù)據(jù)的影響,筆者對SBF、NGI指標進行指數(shù)化處理,方法是將其除以以2000年為基期的GDP平減指數(shù),因此本文所研究的投資水平是實際投資水平。全文共包括六章內(nèi)容,根據(jù)各章之間的關(guān)系,我們可以將其大致分為三個部分。第一部分是理論整理與分析;第二部分是關(guān)于政府投資效應(yīng)的實證分析;第三部分主要是針對政府投資存在的問題所提出的政策建議。主要內(nèi)容具體分析如下:一、理論分析部分,包括第一章和第二章的內(nèi)容。第一章主要包括研究本文的背景及意義,國內(nèi)外文獻的評述,本文的研究框架、創(chuàng)新點以及研究展望這三部分內(nèi)容。第二章是理論概述部分:在明確政府投資內(nèi)涵的基礎(chǔ)上,分別介紹了包括經(jīng)濟增長、社會福利與生態(tài)環(huán)境效應(yīng)在內(nèi)的政府投資效應(yīng)的基本理論,簡要分析了政府投資對于經(jīng)濟增長等的直接和間接影響途徑,最后對本文所使用的主要方法——時間序列分析法進行了簡單的理論分析。二、實證部分,包括第三章、第四章和第五章的內(nèi)容,主要的研究方法是時間序列分析法。第三章主要介紹了政府投資的經(jīng)濟增長效應(yīng),得出的結(jié)論是:政府投資會促進經(jīng)濟的增長,且對非政府投資存在擠入效應(yīng)。第四章主要介紹了政府投資的社會福利效應(yīng),基于數(shù)據(jù)的可得性,主要用教育水平來衡量社會福利效應(yīng),得到政府投資可以促進教育事業(yè)發(fā)展的結(jié)論。第五章主要介紹了政府投資的生態(tài)環(huán)境效應(yīng),包括政府投資對生態(tài)環(huán)境發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀和發(fā)展?jié)摿Φ挠绊懛治?研究結(jié)果表明:政府投資對生態(tài)環(huán)境現(xiàn)狀的影響存在著滯后性,且其能夠有效的提高生態(tài)環(huán)境發(fā)展?jié)摿�。三、政策建議部分,即為第六章內(nèi)容。在上述理論與實證研究的基礎(chǔ)上,可以發(fā)現(xiàn):政府投資在經(jīng)濟增長、社會福利和生態(tài)環(huán)境方面均起著積極的作用。針對目前安徽省不同領(lǐng)域所面臨的不同問題,本文提出了政府投資需因地制宜的對策建議,主要表現(xiàn)在以下幾個方面:①在投資過程中,重新審視三大產(chǎn)業(yè)戰(zhàn)略地位,以第一產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展為基礎(chǔ),以第二產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展為重點,以第三產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展為目標;②將投資的重點進行轉(zhuǎn)移,加大對農(nóng)村的投資,扶持農(nóng)村的發(fā)展,并逐漸縮小城鄉(xiāng)居民收入差距;③拓寬政府投資領(lǐng)域,在進行基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施和民生建設(shè)的同時,注意對生態(tài)環(huán)境的保護;④在賦予政府權(quán)力的同時,對政府投資活動進行監(jiān)管,使之透明化。
[Abstract]:Compared with non-governmental investment, government investment, as an important means of national macro-control, plays a vital role in promoting economic growth, improving social welfare and improving the ecological environment. Since the reform and opening up, China's market economy has made a leap development, but it is due to the various areas of society and in various regions. In this macro economic background, the theoretical and empirical research on the effect of government investment has become the focus of the society. As a major province of central China, Anhui province is in "Chengdong Kai Xi". The role of the government has been increasingly prominent. In recent years, its government investment has been strengthened, the economy has developed rapidly, and the quality of the people's life has been improved, but the problems in its society are becoming increasingly prominent, while restricting the level of social and economic development in Anhui, and the living standards of the people in the province. The improvement of the economic growth effect, the social welfare effect and the ecological environment effect of Anhui provincial government not only have a certain theoretical significance, but also have important practical guiding significance. Based on the integrity and comparability of the data, this paper selects the "national budget fund SBF" as a reflection of the government. The change of capital investment, "non-governmental investment NGI", reflects the change of non-governmental investment, in which the index refers to the balance of the total amount of investment in Anhui's fixed assets deducted from the national budget. The data involved in this paper are derived from the statistical yearbook of the Anhui Province, and to eliminate the inflation factor on the index data. The author takes the index of SBF and NGI exponentially. The method is to divide it by the GDP subtraction index based on 2000. Therefore, the investment level of this paper is the actual level of investment. The full text includes six chapters. According to the relationship between each chapter, we can roughly divide it into three parts. The first part is the theoretical arrangement. And analysis; the second part is an empirical analysis on the effect of government investment; the third part is mainly the policy suggestions for the existing problems of government investment. The main contents are as follows: first, the theoretical analysis part, including the contents of the first and second chapters. The first chapter mainly includes the background and significance of the study, the domestic and foreign language. The three parts: the second chapter is the outline of the theory: on the basis of the definition of the government investment, the basic theory of the government investment effect, including the economic growth, the social welfare and the ecological environment effect, is introduced, and the government investment is briefly analyzed. The direct and indirect ways of the economic growth, the main method used in this paper, the time series analysis method, is briefly analyzed. Two, the empirical part, including third chapters, fourth chapters and fifth chapters, the main research method is the time series analysis method. The third chapter mainly introduces the economic increase of government investment. Long effect, the conclusion is that government investment will promote economic growth and have squeezed effect on non-governmental investment. The fourth chapter mainly introduces the social welfare effect of government investment, based on the availability of data, mainly using the educational level to measure the social welfare effect, and the conclusion that the government investment can promote the development of education. The five chapter mainly introduces the ecological environment effect of government investment, including the analysis of the influence of government investment on the status and development potential of ecological environment. The results show that the impact of government investment on the ecological environment is lagging, and it can effectively improve the potential of ecological environment development. Three, the policy suggestion part, that is, Sixth On the basis of the above theoretical and empirical research, we can find that government investment plays a positive role in economic growth, social welfare and ecological environment. In view of the different problems faced by different fields in Anhui Province, this paper puts forward the countermeasures and suggestions for government investment, mainly in the following parties. Face: (1) in the process of investment, we reexamine the strategic position of the three industries, take the development of the first industry as the basis, focus on the development of the second industry, and take the development of the third industry as the goal; secondly, transfer the focus of investment, increase the investment in the countryside, support the development of the rural areas, and gradually narrow the income gap between the urban and rural residents; and expand the investment of the government. In the field, we should pay attention to the protection of the ecological environment while carrying out the construction of infrastructure and the livelihood of the people; while giving the government power, the government supervision of the government investment activities is carried out to make it transparent.
【學位授予單位】：安徽大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：F812.45

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