本文選題：財政支農(nóng)支出　切入點：規(guī)模　出處：《內(nèi)蒙古財經(jīng)大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：農(nóng)業(yè)是最基礎(chǔ)的產(chǎn)業(yè)，它的發(fā)展與否往往關(guān)系到一個國家和地區(qū)的國民經(jīng)濟能否持續(xù)健康運行，但由于農(nóng)業(yè)又是一個弱質(zhì)性和正外部性比較明顯的產(chǎn)業(yè)，因此，在工業(yè)化進程中，政府有必要通過財政支持等的方式來保證農(nóng)業(yè)的持續(xù)發(fā)展，以維護整個國民經(jīng)濟與社會的穩(wěn)定。內(nèi)蒙古是以農(nóng)牧業(yè)為主，農(nóng)牧業(yè)對內(nèi)蒙古來說更是非常重要，無論在農(nóng)牧民收入還是在各種貢獻上都起著舉足輕重的作用。發(fā)展農(nóng)業(yè)和農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟，增加農(nóng)牧民收入一直是內(nèi)蒙古政府財政工作的重點之一。 自1978年實行改革開放以來，雖然居民收入水平不斷提高，但同時居民之間收入差距也在不斷擴大，，而增加農(nóng)牧民收入是縮小城鄉(xiāng)的收入差距、穩(wěn)定社會秩序的關(guān)鍵。財政作為宏觀調(diào)控的手段所投入的資金對于緩解此類瓶頸，繼而增加農(nóng)牧民收入具有重要作用。因此，本選題具有較大的理論和現(xiàn)實意義。 本文首先從絕對規(guī)模和相對規(guī)模視角對內(nèi)蒙古1978年至2012年財政支農(nóng)支出規(guī)�，F(xiàn)狀和農(nóng)牧民收入現(xiàn)狀進行分析，得出內(nèi)蒙古財政支農(nóng)支出總量不足，這主要表現(xiàn)在財政支農(nóng)支出占財政總支出的比重不斷下降；財政支農(nóng)支出對農(nóng)業(yè)和農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的貢獻率比較低。 其次，通過分析內(nèi)蒙古財政支農(nóng)支出的結(jié)構(gòu)特征，發(fā)現(xiàn)內(nèi)蒙古財政支農(nóng)支出的結(jié)構(gòu)不太合理，這主要表現(xiàn)在農(nóng)業(yè)行政事業(yè)費用居高不下、農(nóng)村基本建設(shè)支出不平衡、農(nóng)業(yè)科技三項費用不足等。 再次，對內(nèi)蒙古財政支農(nóng)支出對農(nóng)牧民收入的影響進行了實證分析，利用向量自回歸模型，通過平穩(wěn)性檢驗、協(xié)整檢驗、建立誤差修正模型來說明內(nèi)蒙古財政支農(nóng)支出與農(nóng)牧民收入之間的短期和長期波動。而經(jīng)過研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，內(nèi)蒙古財政支農(nóng)支出與農(nóng)牧民收入間存在長期均衡的關(guān)系。 最后，提出完善內(nèi)蒙古財政支農(nóng)支出與農(nóng)牧民增收的財政政策措施，即加大財政支農(nóng)力度，確保農(nóng)牧民收入的穩(wěn)定增長；優(yōu)化財政支農(nóng)支出結(jié)構(gòu)，進一步促進農(nóng)牧民增收；加強財政支農(nóng)資金的管理，提高資金使用效率；逐步增長農(nóng)牧民家庭經(jīng)營收入；繼續(xù)實施農(nóng)牧民直接補貼政策，增加農(nóng)牧民的政策性收入；提高農(nóng)牧民素質(zhì)，突破農(nóng)牧民增收的瓶頸；積極推進農(nóng)牧民專業(yè)合作組織的發(fā)展，增加農(nóng)牧民產(chǎn)業(yè)化經(jīng)營收入；積極發(fā)展民營經(jīng)濟，擴大農(nóng)牧民的就業(yè)空間。
[Abstract]:Agriculture is the most basic industry, and its development or not is often related to the sustainable and healthy operation of the national economy of a country or region. However, agriculture is also a weak and positive externality industry, so, In the process of industrialization, it is necessary for the government to ensure the sustainable development of agriculture by means of financial support, so as to maintain the stability of the whole national economy and society. The development of agriculture and rural economy, increasing the income of farmers and herdsmen has always been one of the key points of the financial work of Inner Mongolia government. Since the implementation of the reform and opening up policy in 1978, although the income level of the residents has been continuously increasing, the income gap among the residents has also been widening, and increasing the income of farmers and herdsmen is to narrow the income gap between urban and rural areas. The key to stabilizing the social order is that finance, as a means of macro-control, has an important role in alleviating such bottleneck and increasing the income of farmers and herdsmen. Therefore, this topic is of great theoretical and practical significance. This paper firstly analyzes the scale of fiscal support for agriculture and the income of farmers and herdsmen from 1978 to 2012 in Inner Mongolia from the perspective of absolute scale and relative scale, and draws a conclusion that the total amount of financial support for agriculture in Inner Mongolia is insufficient. This is mainly reflected in the fact that the proportion of financial support for agriculture to the total financial expenditure is declining, and the contribution of fiscal expenditure to agriculture and rural economic development is relatively low. Secondly, through the analysis of the structural characteristics of the fiscal support for agriculture in Inner Mongolia, it is found that the structure of the expenditure on supporting agriculture in Inner Mongolia is not very reasonable, which is mainly reflected in the high cost of agricultural administration and the unbalanced expenditure on rural capital construction. Agricultural science and technology three expenses are insufficient. Thirdly, the paper makes an empirical analysis on the impact of fiscal expenditure on the income of farmers and herdsmen in Inner Mongolia, using the vector autoregressive model, through the stability test, cointegration test. An error correction model is established to illustrate the short-term and long-term fluctuations between the fiscal expenditure for agriculture and the income of farmers and herdsmen in Inner Mongolia, and it is found that there is a long-term equilibrium relationship between the expenditure on supporting agriculture and the income of farmers and herdsmen in Inner Mongolia. Finally, the paper puts forward the fiscal policy measures to improve the expenditure on supporting agriculture and increasing the income of farmers and herdsmen in Inner Mongolia, that is, to increase the financial support for agriculture, to ensure the steady growth of the income of farmers and herdsmen, to optimize the expenditure structure of fiscal support for agriculture, and to further promote the income of farmers and herdsmen. Strengthening the management of financial support funds for agriculture and improving the efficiency of the use of funds; gradually increasing the household operating income of farmers and herdsmen; continuing to implement the policy of direct subsidies for farmers and herdsmen to increase the policy income of farmers and herdsmen; improving the quality of farmers and herdsmen; We should break through the bottleneck of increasing farmers and herdsmen's income; actively promote the development of professional cooperative organizations of farmers and herdsmen to increase the income of farmers and herdsmen industrialization; actively develop the private economy and expand the employment space of farmers and herdsmen.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：內(nèi)蒙古財經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F812.45;F323.8

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