本文關(guān)鍵詞： 糧食直補政策 績效評價 資金效率 滿意度　出處：《廣西大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：“洪范八政,食為政首”。對于一個人口規(guī)模即將達(dá)到十四億的國家而言,解決好吃飯問題始終是治國理政的頭等大事。為了保護(hù)農(nóng)民的種糧利益,調(diào)動農(nóng)民的種糧積極性,讓農(nóng)民愿意種糧,我國從2004年起開始在全國范圍內(nèi)實行糧食直接補貼政策,2006年又逐步配套農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)資料綜合補貼。糧食直補政策通過對種糧農(nóng)民進(jìn)行直接補貼,較之過去在糧食的流通、銷售環(huán)節(jié)的補貼方式,具有操作相對簡單、高效,貿(mào)易扭曲作用小等方面的優(yōu)點。此后,我國糧食產(chǎn)量實現(xiàn)了從2004年至2015年的“十二連增”。但隨著自然、經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會環(huán)境的改變,我國糧食直補政策效率、效果、執(zhí)行狀況開始備受爭議。圍繞糧食直補政策所發(fā)揮的作用和效果問題,學(xué)者們從不同的研究視角出發(fā)或采用不同的研究方法,對這一問題進(jìn)行了大量的研究,得出的結(jié)論不盡相同,也仍然存在激烈的爭論。本文在這樣的背景下嘗試研究與評估糧食直補政策績效,從資金效率、政府執(zhí)行和農(nóng)民滿意度三個主要維度,實證分析糧食直補政策績,發(fā)現(xiàn)糧食直補政策實施中存在的問題。在研究糧食直補政策績效的過程中,本文首先通過經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)原理分析了糧食直補政策本身的合理性;在此基礎(chǔ)上,進(jìn)一步采用DEA數(shù)據(jù)包絡(luò)分析法基于廣西桂平(糧食主產(chǎn)區(qū))和那坡(非糧食主產(chǎn)區(qū))兩地糧食直補政策的宏觀數(shù)據(jù),檢驗了其資金使用的效率;然后實證調(diào)查了兩地的基層治理主體和農(nóng)民對糧食直補政策的態(tài)度及評價狀況,獲取微觀層面的數(shù)據(jù)和案例;最后通過對宏觀數(shù)據(jù)與微觀案例進(jìn)行對比和分析,以求更加深刻、全面地理解和評價我國糧食直補政策的實施現(xiàn)狀和發(fā)展方向。研究結(jié)果表明,我國糧食直補政策的目標(biāo)設(shè)計難以從根本上完全克服糧食供需的內(nèi)生性缺陷,存在資金使用效率不高、農(nóng)民滿意度綜合評價一般、增產(chǎn)增收均未收效、基層政府從鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)到村委對糧食直補政策意見較大等問題,甚至出現(xiàn)了非糧食主產(chǎn)地區(qū)的糧食直補資金使用效率、各方滿意度高于糧食主產(chǎn)地區(qū)的“尷尬”情形,糧食直補政策的可持續(xù)性難以判斷。因此,我國的糧食直補政策需要從優(yōu)化政策目標(biāo)與政策導(dǎo)向、矯正直補對象、合理化直補依據(jù)、整合補貼政策、創(chuàng)新補貼方式、構(gòu)建動態(tài)調(diào)整機制等方面進(jìn)行改進(jìn)。
[Abstract]:For a country whose population is about to reach 1.4 billion, solving the problem of eating well has always been a top priority in governing the country, in order to protect the farmers' interests in growing grain. To mobilize the enthusiasm of farmers to plant grain, so that farmers are willing to grow grain, since 2004, China began to implement the policy of direct grain subsidies throughout the country. In 2006, the comprehensive subsidies for agricultural means of production were gradually supported. The direct subsidy policy of grain supply through the direct subsidy to grain farmers, compared with the past in the circulation of grain, sales links of subsidies. It has the advantages of relatively simple operation, high efficiency, little trade distortion and so on. Since then, China's grain production has achieved a "12 continuous increase" from 2004 to 2015. But with the nature, the economy. With the change of social environment, the efficiency, effect and implementation of grain direct subsidy policy in our country have become controversial. Scholars from different research perspectives or using different research methods, a large number of research on this issue, the conclusions are different. In this context, this paper tries to study and evaluate the performance of grain direct subsidy policy, from the three main dimensions of capital efficiency, government implementation and farmers' satisfaction. Empirical analysis of grain direct subsidy policy performance, found the implementation of grain direct subsidy policy problems. In the study of grain direct subsidy policy performance process. Firstly, this paper analyzes the rationality of grain direct subsidy policy by economic principle. On this basis, the DEA data envelopment analysis method is further adopted based on the macro data of grain direct subsidy policy between Guangxi Guiping (main grain producing area) and Napo (non-grain producing area). The efficiency of the use of its funds was tested; Then, the author investigates the attitude and evaluation of the grass-roots governance and farmers to the grain direct subsidy policy, and obtains the data and cases at the micro level. Finally, through the comparison and analysis of macro data and micro cases, in order to understand and evaluate the current situation and development direction of grain direct subsidy policy in China, the research results show that. The goal design of grain direct subsidy policy in our country is difficult to overcome the inherent defect of grain supply and demand completely, the fund use efficiency is not high, the comprehensive evaluation of farmers' satisfaction is general, and the increase of production and income is not effective. Grass-roots governments from villages and towns to village committees have bigger opinions on grain direct subsidy policy, and even the use efficiency of grain direct subsidy funds in non-grain main producing areas has appeared, and the satisfaction of all parties is higher than that of grain main production areas. It is difficult to judge the sustainability of grain direct subsidy policy. Therefore, China's grain direct subsidy policy needs to optimize the policy objectives and policy direction, correct the direct subsidy object, rationalize the direct subsidy basis, and integrate the subsidy policy. Innovation subsidy way, build dynamic adjustment mechanism and so on aspect carries on the improvement.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣西大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：F326.11;F812.8

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