【摘要】：國(guó)務(wù)院總理李克強(qiáng)在2015年8月26日主持召開國(guó)務(wù)院常務(wù)會(huì)議時(shí)提出,“最重要的教育資源不是樓房、不是課桌,是教師”。義務(wù)教育師資的配置狀況直接決定了義務(wù)教育資源的配置水平和教育教學(xué)質(zhì)量。改革開放以來,我國(guó)在基本實(shí)現(xiàn)普及九年義務(wù)教育基礎(chǔ)上,提出了推進(jìn)義務(wù)教育均衡發(fā)展的戰(zhàn)略目標(biāo)�，F(xiàn)階段,義務(wù)教育資源的不均衡問題已成為備受關(guān)注的民生問題。教師等人力資源是教育事業(yè)發(fā)展的根本和第一資源,是推進(jìn)義務(wù)教育資源均衡配置的關(guān)鍵因素,成為促進(jìn)我國(guó)義務(wù)教育全面發(fā)展的前提和基礎(chǔ)。我國(guó)義務(wù)教育師資配置不均衡主要體現(xiàn)為城鄉(xiāng)之間的巨大差距。因此推進(jìn)我國(guó)義務(wù)教育師資均衡配置就是要加強(qiáng)農(nóng)村義務(wù)教育師資隊(duì)伍建設(shè)。政府作為基本公共服務(wù)的主要提供者,優(yōu)化農(nóng)村義務(wù)教育教師資源是其本職工作。本項(xiàng)研究首先以教育公平理論為基礎(chǔ)對(duì)湖北省潛江市實(shí)施的“義務(wù)教育教師隊(duì)伍建設(shè)工程”進(jìn)行縱向的歷史梳理,從數(shù)量、質(zhì)量?jī)蓚�(gè)維度梳理2010-2014年潛江市農(nóng)村義務(wù)教育師資隊(duì)伍建設(shè)情況,觀察潛江市在落實(shí)國(guó)家義務(wù)教育師資建設(shè)政策的創(chuàng)新與變通,研究農(nóng)村義務(wù)教育師資情況的發(fā)展,并總結(jié)其經(jīng)驗(yàn)。繼而結(jié)合2014年湖北省潛江市教育局統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù),按照城區(qū)、鎮(zhèn)區(qū)和鄉(xiāng)村劃分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)進(jìn)行橫向比較,同樣選取數(shù)量和質(zhì)量?jī)蓚�(gè)維度分析三地區(qū)在義務(wù)教育師資配置上的差距及變化趨勢(shì),并分析其中存在的問題及原因。基于上述分析,本文以潛江市為例對(duì)縣域農(nóng)村義務(wù)教育師資隊(duì)伍建設(shè)進(jìn)行思考總結(jié),并提出相應(yīng)的發(fā)展路徑。全文共分為四個(gè)部分：第一部分是導(dǎo)論,從當(dāng)前我國(guó)城鄉(xiāng)義務(wù)教育師資配置非均衡的現(xiàn)實(shí)出發(fā),分析加強(qiáng)本項(xiàng)研究的緣起,繼而從黨和國(guó)家加強(qiáng)農(nóng)村義務(wù)教育師資隊(duì)伍建設(shè)的國(guó)家戰(zhàn)略的角度闡釋本項(xiàng)研究的意義,最后從總體上介紹本項(xiàng)研究的分析思路和研究。本項(xiàng)研究基本從歷史的縱向角度和區(qū)域的橫向比較兩個(gè)角度根據(jù)湖北省潛江市教育局的統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)具體分析其在加強(qiáng)農(nóng)村義務(wù)教育師資隊(duì)伍建設(shè)方面的有益做法和存在的不足。為此本項(xiàng)研究主要采取了實(shí)證研究、文獻(xiàn)梳理和比較歸納三種研究方法。第二部分是概念界定及理論研究綜述,首先界定了義務(wù)教育、師資及農(nóng)村三組概念核心概念,然后闡釋了本項(xiàng)研究的理論基礎(chǔ),最后從我國(guó)義務(wù)教育師資隊(duì)伍建設(shè)的總體性研究、城鄉(xiāng)義務(wù)教育師資均衡發(fā)展研究和縣域義務(wù)教育師資均衡配置的實(shí)證研究三個(gè)方面對(duì)學(xué)界的既有研究進(jìn)行梳理評(píng)析,通過研究綜述找到了本項(xiàng)研究的主題,即縣域農(nóng)村義務(wù)教育師資隊(duì)伍建設(shè)研究。第三部分梳理潛江市農(nóng)村義務(wù)教育師資隊(duì)伍建設(shè)的措施與成就。自2010年起,潛江市通過不斷完善全市義務(wù)教育師資隊(duì)伍的統(tǒng)籌管理和合理配置機(jī)制,健全全市義務(wù)教育師資隊(duì)伍的補(bǔ)充、交流和培訓(xùn)機(jī)制,保障全市義務(wù)教育階段教師的工資福利待遇,改革全市義務(wù)教育學(xué)校校長(zhǎng)管理辦法,不僅降低農(nóng)村義務(wù)教育師生比,同時(shí)優(yōu)化農(nóng)村義務(wù)教育師資隊(duì)伍結(jié)構(gòu)。第四部分分析潛江市農(nóng)村義務(wù)教育師資隊(duì)伍存在的問題與成因。基于教育公平理論從城鄉(xiāng)義務(wù)教育師資均衡發(fā)展的角度看,潛江市農(nóng)村義務(wù)教育師資在數(shù)量上的師生比和質(zhì)量上的結(jié)構(gòu)比等方面與城區(qū)和鎮(zhèn)區(qū)相比還存在一定的差距。同時(shí)農(nóng)村義務(wù)教育教師存在嚴(yán)重的流失問題。造成潛江市城鄉(xiāng)義務(wù)教育師資非均衡的因素中,城鄉(xiāng)二元結(jié)構(gòu)是其根本原因,重點(diǎn)學(xué)校建設(shè)成為歷史原因,工資福利待遇構(gòu)成經(jīng)濟(jì)原因,教師流動(dòng)是拉大城鄉(xiāng)差距的直接原因。第五部分基于上述分析提出加強(qiáng)縣域農(nóng)村義務(wù)教育師資隊(duì)伍建設(shè)的路勁選擇：強(qiáng)化縣級(jí)政府在統(tǒng)籌城鄉(xiāng)區(qū)域義務(wù)教育師資配置的職責(zé)；完善縣域內(nèi)義務(wù)教育教師資源互動(dòng)與共同發(fā)展機(jī)制；構(gòu)建縣級(jí)義務(wù)教育師資配置均衡化的評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)。
[Abstract]:Li Keqiang, the premier of the State Council, presented the "The most important educational resource is not a building, not a desk. It's a teacher." of the State Council's executive meeting on August 26,2015. The configuration of the teachers of compulsory education directly determines the level of the allocation of compulsory education resources and the teaching quality of the education. Since the reform and opening-up, China has put forward the strategic goal of promoting the balanced development of compulsory education on the basis of the basic realization of the nine-year compulsory education. At present, the problem of non-equilibrium of compulsory education resources has become a popular problem. The human resource, such as the teacher, is the fundamental and the first resource of the development of the education cause, is the key factor to promote the balanced allocation of the compulsory education resources, and becomes the premise and foundation for promoting the overall development of the compulsory education in China. The imbalance of the teacher allocation of compulsory education in China is mainly reflected in the great gap between urban and rural areas. Therefore, to promote the balanced allocation of the compulsory education teachers in China is to strengthen the construction of the rural compulsory education teachers. The government, as the main provider of basic public service, is to optimize the rural compulsory education teachers' resources. On the basis of the theory of education and fairness, the research of the present study is to comb the "construction project of compulsory education teachers" of the implementation of the Qianjiang City in Hubei Province, and to comb the construction of the rural compulsory education teachers in the Qianjiang City from 2010 to 2014 according to the quantity and the quality. To observe the development of the rural compulsory education teachers' situation and to sum up their experience in the implementation of the innovation and adaptation of the national compulsory education teachers' construction policy. Then, combined with the statistics of the Education Bureau of the Qianjiang City of Hubei Province in 2014, according to the urban, town and country division standards, the difference and the trend of the three areas in the teacher allocation of compulsory education are also analyzed. And the existing problems and the reasons are analyzed. Based on the above analysis, this paper summarizes the construction of the rural compulsory education teachers in Qianjiang City as an example, and puts forward the corresponding development path. The full text is divided into four parts: the first part is the introduction, from the current reality of the non-equilibrium of the teacher allocation of the urban and rural compulsory education in our country, the analysis and strengthening the origin of this study, Then, the significance of this study is explained from the perspective of the national strategy to strengthen the construction of the rural compulsory education teachers in the country and the state, and the analysis and research of this study are finally introduced. According to the statistical data of the Education Bureau of the Qianjiang City, Hubei Province, this study is based on the statistical data of the Education Bureau of the Qianjiang City of Hubei Province. In this study, three methods of research, such as empirical study, literature review and comparison, are taken. The second part is the summary of the concept definition and the theoretical research, first defines the core concepts of the three groups of concepts of the compulsory education, the teachers and the rural areas, and then explains the theoretical foundation of this study, and finally, from the overall study of the construction of the teaching staff of the compulsory education in China, The research on the research of the balanced development of the urban and rural compulsory education and the empirical study of the balanced configuration of the county-level compulsory education teachers has made an analysis on the existing research of the academic circle, and the main theme of this study is found through the research, that is, the research of the construction of the rural compulsory education teachers in the county. The third part is to sort out the measures and achievements of the construction of the rural compulsory education teachers in the Qianjiang city. Since 2010, Qianjiang City has improved the comprehensive management and reasonable allocation mechanism of the whole city's compulsory education teachers, so as to improve the supplement, exchange and training mechanism of the whole city's compulsory education teachers, and guarantee the welfare and welfare of the teachers in the compulsory education phase of the whole city. The reform of the school principal management method of the city's compulsory education not only reduces the proportion of the rural compulsory education, but also optimizes the structure of the rural compulsory education teachers. The fourth part analyzes the problems and causes of the teachers of rural compulsory education in Qianjiang. Based on the theory of education and fairness, from the perspective of the balanced development of the urban and rural compulsory education teachers, there are still some differences in the number of rural compulsory education teachers in the Qianjiang city, compared with the urban and town areas. At the same time, the rural compulsory education teachers have serious problem of loss. The main reason is that the urban and rural dual structure is the root cause, the construction of the key school becomes the historical reason, the wage and welfare treatment forms the economic reason, the teacher's flow is the direct cause of the widening of the gap between the urban and rural areas. The fifth part, based on the above analysis, puts forward the way to strengthen the construction of the rural compulsory education teachers in the county. To construct the evaluation index of the level-level compulsory education teacher allocation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：G522.3

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