本文選題：石林景觀 + 景觀特征��； 參考：《昆明理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：云南石林景區(qū)是國(guó)家級(jí)風(fēng)景名勝區(qū),并于2004年和2007年分別列入世界地質(zhì)公園和世界遺產(chǎn)名錄。大小石林景區(qū)是整個(gè)石林景區(qū)的游覽中心,展示了世界上一種獨(dú)特的劍狀喀斯特地貌,豐富的喀斯特地貌形態(tài)與植被、水體、氣象等要素和諧組合,展現(xiàn)了非同尋常的自然美。本文將自然科學(xué)和人文科學(xué)相結(jié)合,分析大小石林景區(qū)的景觀特征,探索保持石林景觀協(xié)調(diào)性,維護(hù)石林世界自然遺產(chǎn)美學(xué)價(jià)值的方式。石林景觀是以劍狀喀斯特景觀為主,輔以植被景觀、水體景觀、氣象景觀以及人文景觀而構(gòu)成的綜合景觀。在大小石林景區(qū)景觀特征上,巨厚且?guī)r石成分均一的碳酸鹽巖,通過差異風(fēng)化、土下溶蝕以及地表侵蝕作用,形成了豐富的單體、組合以及表面景觀形態(tài)。地形分布和節(jié)理構(gòu)造影響著景區(qū)內(nèi)的石柱和游路的空間展布,在節(jié)理交匯處形成了空曠地,低洼地帶形成高大密集的劍狀喀斯特景觀。此外,植被、藻類以及氣象等景觀要素給石林景觀帶來豐富的色彩變化。石林景區(qū)自然景觀的構(gòu)成要素如巖石、植被、水體等都處于自然演變的動(dòng)態(tài)過程,但各種要素的變化速率差別極大。其中,石景的變化極小,植被變化最快。近年來,由于景區(qū)內(nèi)的植被缺乏有效的管理,植物無節(jié)制的生長(zhǎng),石林的雄偉氣勢(shì)和優(yōu)美形態(tài)已被遮掩和削弱,石林的“靜”和植物的“動(dòng)”矛盾凸顯。過度生長(zhǎng)的植被對(duì)石林景觀造成的損害,包括遮擋石林、遮蓋石林、覆蓋石林、“淹沒”石林、堵塞石林、“矮化”石林、雜化石林等景觀視覺損害。此外,植物根劈作用損害石柱穩(wěn)定性,外來物種損害生態(tài)系統(tǒng)。維護(hù)石林景觀的協(xié)調(diào)性,重點(diǎn)是需要加強(qiáng)植被管理。論文結(jié)合景區(qū)內(nèi)植被景觀維護(hù)的經(jīng)典案例,提出景觀功能優(yōu)先和維護(hù)本土植物以及常態(tài)化管理等7條植被管理原則,清除、通透、稀疏等10種植被修整方式。此外,為了維護(hù)石林景觀的協(xié)調(diào)性,還需對(duì)景區(qū)內(nèi)水體問題和不協(xié)調(diào)的建筑進(jìn)行管理。
[Abstract]:Yunnan Stone Forest Scenic area is a national scenic spot which was listed on the World Geopark and World Heritage list in 2004 and 2007 respectively. The large and small stone forest scenic spot is the whole stone forest scenic spot tour center, has displayed one kind of unique sword karst geomorphology in the world, abundant karst geomorphology shape and the vegetation, the water body, the weather and so on essential factor harmonious combination, has displayed the unusual natural beauty. In this paper, natural science and human science are combined to analyze the landscape characteristics of stone forest scenic spots, to explore the ways to maintain the coordination of stone forest landscape and maintain the aesthetic value of stone forest world natural heritage. Stone forest landscape is composed of sword karst landscape, vegetation landscape, water landscape, meteorological landscape and human landscape. In the landscape characteristics of large and small stone forest scenic spots, the carbonate rocks with huge thickness and homogeneous rock composition formed abundant monomers, assemblages and surface landscape forms through differential weathering, soil erosion and surface erosion. The distribution of topography and the structure of joints affect the spatial distribution of stone columns and tour roads in the scenic area, forming an open area at the junction of joints, and a tall and dense sword karst landscape in the low-lying area. In addition, landscape elements such as vegetation, algae and meteorology bring rich color changes to the stone forest landscape. The elements of natural landscape such as rock vegetation and water are in the dynamic process of natural evolution but the rate of change of these elements is very different. Among them, the change of stone scenery is very small, vegetation changes fastest. In recent years, due to the lack of effective management of vegetation and the uncontrolled growth of plants, the majestic momentum and graceful form of stone forests have been obscured and weakened, and the contradiction between "stillness" of stone forests and "animals" of plants has been highlighted. The damage caused by overgrown vegetation to the landscape of stone forest, including blocking stone forest, covering stone forest, "submerged" stone forest, blocking stone forest, "dwarf" stone forest, and hybrid stone forest, and so on. In addition, plant root-splitting damage stone-pillar stability, alien species damage the ecosystem. To maintain the coordination of stone forest landscape, it is necessary to strengthen vegetation management. Based on the classic cases of vegetation landscape maintenance in the scenic area, this paper puts forward 7 vegetation management principles, such as landscape function priority and maintenance of native plants and normal management, such as clearing, permeating and thinning, and so on. In addition, in order to maintain the coordination of stone forest landscape, it is necessary to manage the water problems and uncoordinated buildings in the scenic area.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：昆明理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：P901;F592.7

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