發(fā)布時間：2018-01-01 14:04

  本文關(guān)鍵詞：耦合視角下的旅游城市成長理論與實證研究　出處：《北京交通大學》2014年博士論文　論文類型：學位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 旅游 城市 耦合 成長 評價

【摘要】：摘要：在后工業(yè)時期,網(wǎng)絡化、生態(tài)化、融合化發(fā)展的背景下,旅游城市面臨著開放的發(fā)展環(huán)境和多元的發(fā)展需求,對旅游城市的傳統(tǒng)發(fā)展理念、發(fā)展思路提出新的挑戰(zhàn)�，F(xiàn)實中,供給與需求、規(guī)模與效益、速度與質(zhì)量、政府與市場、經(jīng)濟效益與社會、環(huán)境效益、同質(zhì)性與異質(zhì)性、競爭與協(xié)作成為旅游城市面臨的發(fā)展困境。旅游城市發(fā)展什么,怎樣發(fā)展,如何評價旅游城市的發(fā)展水平和發(fā)展能力,引導城市的發(fā)展方向,成為理論和實踐的發(fā)展要求。 本文依托北京市旅游發(fā)展委員會重大項目“世界旅游城市評價體系研究”和北京市哲學社會科學基金青年項目“北京建設國際一流旅游城市研究”,以統(tǒng)計資料數(shù)據(jù)和市場調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)為基礎,以旅游城市成長要素間的耦合互動關(guān)系為研究對象,構(gòu)建旅游城市成長的理論模型,并在此基礎上,提出以旅游吸引力、旅游發(fā)展力、城市支持力、旅游者滿意度、網(wǎng)絡人氣為一級指標的評價指標體系；運用結(jié)構(gòu)模型分析、方差分析、錫爾系數(shù)等方法對世界范圍45個旅游業(yè)發(fā)達城市進行模型驗證和實踐應用；最后以北京為對象,運用結(jié)構(gòu)模型與數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)果,在與15個世界一流綜合性旅游大都市進行比較的基礎上,針對其成長的制約因素,提出相應的成長路徑與對策建議。 本文的研究結(jié)論主要包括： 第一,本文運用企業(yè)成長理論、城市理論,提出了旅游城市的成長是由旅游城市成長主體、成長資源、成長環(huán)境和成長空間構(gòu)成的四維系統(tǒng)。成長主體是在旅游城市的成長進程中發(fā)揮重要作用的相關(guān)個體和組織,主要包括：旅游者、旅游產(chǎn)業(yè)和城市三種主體；成長資源是旅游吸引物、旅游服務設施、旅游人力、旅游投資、旅游信息服務、城市網(wǎng)絡集群等資源的有機組合；成長空間既可指城市的物理空間、連接客源地和目的地所投射的立體空間、網(wǎng)絡空間、信息空間,也可以理解為發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀與未來目標的距離,成長空間的多維和有限的屬性使得有質(zhì)量的成長,而不是盲目追求速度和效益,成為旅游城市持續(xù)發(fā)展的關(guān)鍵。 第二,本文結(jié)合耦合理論、生態(tài)理論研究旅游城市成長主體間的互動關(guān)系和耦合機理。闡釋了旅游產(chǎn)業(yè)與城市耦合成長中的相互促進與約束關(guān)系；構(gòu)建了旅游城市耦合成長的發(fā)展圈和支持圈,認為二者之間的耦合關(guān)系決定了發(fā)展的復雜性和相對性；耦合程度的高低決定旅游城市成長效果的實現(xiàn)程度的高低,即旅游業(yè)與城市發(fā)展的耦合程度影響了旅游者感知和體驗的滿意程度,并進而會影響未來的旅游關(guān)注和旅游行為的產(chǎn)生。 第三,本文構(gòu)建了旅游城市成長能力的理論框架,主要包括旅游吸引力、旅游發(fā)展力、城市支持力、旅游者滿意度和網(wǎng)絡人氣五個一級測量維度。旅游吸引力解釋了一個城市可以被視為旅游城市所需要具備的資源、區(qū)位等條件；旅游發(fā)展力是旅游業(yè)發(fā)展水平和持續(xù)發(fā)展能力的綜合表現(xiàn)；城市支持力是旅游城市成長的外在支撐體系；旅游者滿意度和網(wǎng)絡人氣則是旅游城市成長效果的體現(xiàn),反映了旅游城市成長的質(zhì)量與影響。 第四,旅游城市成長能力是一個基于成長理論、耦合理論、生態(tài)理論的創(chuàng)新概念,屬于新理論的探索性研究,本文運用SEM方法對理論模型進行了驗證性分析。首先對測量模型進行檢驗,明確各指數(shù)與評價指標間的隸屬關(guān)系；其次,對各指數(shù)間關(guān)系的結(jié)構(gòu)模型進行檢驗,認為五個分項指數(shù)間存在相關(guān)關(guān)系,由此認為存在一個潛在變量(本文將其命名為“旅游城市發(fā)展指數(shù)”)可以解釋上述五個分項變量,并對此結(jié)構(gòu)模型進行檢驗和修正。結(jié)果表明,旅游吸引力、旅游發(fā)展力、旅游者滿意度對旅游城市成長存在直接影響,城市支持力、網(wǎng)絡人氣則起到間接影響。從影響程度來看,旅游業(yè)發(fā)展的自身實力是影響旅游城市成長能力的最主要原因；從具體指標來看,“環(huán)境質(zhì)量”和“旅游總?cè)舜文昃鲩L率”對旅游城市成長能力的影響是負向的,符合本文提出的成長空間“量的有限性”的觀點,也符合可持續(xù)發(fā)展的理念,本文認為在提高發(fā)展質(zhì)量的前提下,以較高的發(fā)展水平穩(wěn)態(tài)增長,是旅游城市更為科學合理的發(fā)展思路。 第五,旅游城市發(fā)展指數(shù)說明旅游城市系統(tǒng)內(nèi)部以及旅游城市系統(tǒng)與旅游者耦合發(fā)展的程度,本文以旅游發(fā)展與城市支持之間的相互關(guān)系作為劃分依據(jù),將旅游城市的演化分為優(yōu)質(zhì)耦合、中級耦合、勉強耦合、耦合復興(或衰退)等階段。從耦合模式來看,可分為協(xié)調(diào)模式、旅游滯后模式、城市滯后模式等,并對國內(nèi)城市進行了分析。耦合模式的探討則有助于城市把握發(fā)展的方向,尤其是便于發(fā)現(xiàn)自身的短板,以指導旅游城市發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略的制定與實施。本文最后對北京及15個世界一流旅游城市進行比較分析,并提出了未來發(fā)展的對策建議。 本文建立以耦合成長為導向的研究框架,通過國內(nèi)外城市數(shù)據(jù)的實證研究,驗證了旅游城市成長評價的理論框架和各維度之間的作用機理,豐富了旅游城市理論和成長理論,為旅游城市成長力的培育,為城市規(guī)劃、管理和營銷提供了契合度較高的操作框架。
[Abstract]:Abstract: in the post industrial era, network integration, ecology, development background, tourism city facing the development environment open and pluralistic development of city tourism demand, the traditional development concept, put forward new challenges in the development of ideas. In reality, the supply and demand, scale and efficiency, speed and quality. The government and the market, social and economic benefits, environmental benefits, homogeneity and heterogeneity, competition and cooperation become the development dilemma facing the city tourism development of the tourism city. What, how to develop, how to evaluate the development level of tourism city and development ability, guide the direction of development of the city, become the requirements of the development of theory and practice.
Based on the study of the world tourism city evaluation system of major projects "Committee on tourism development of Beijing city and Beijing City, philosophy and Social Science Fund Project" the youth of Beijing to build a world-class tourist city to study ", statistical data and market survey data based on coupling interaction between city tourism growth factors as the research object, construct the growth model of the tourist city, and on this basis, put forward by tourism attraction, tourism development, city support, tourist satisfaction, network popularity evaluation index system level indicators; analysis by structural model analysis of variance, Theil coefficient method of the world 45 tourism developed city model validation and application; taking Beijing as the object, using the data structure model and results, and in 15 of the world's leading comprehensive tourist city than most On the basis of the restriction factors of their growth, the corresponding growth path and countermeasures are put forward.
The main conclusions of this paper are as follows:
First, this paper uses the theory of enterprise growth, city theory, puts forward the tourism city's growth is by the tourism city growth main resources for growth, four-dimensional system growing environment and the growth space. The main growth is related to individuals and organizations, play an important role in the growth of tourism city in the process mainly include tourists, tourism industry and the three main city; growth of resources is a tourist attraction, tourism facilities, tourism human resources, tourism investment, tourism information service, the organic combination of city network cluster resources; growth space can refer to the physical space of the city, connecting the source and destination of the projection of three-dimensional space, network space, information space. It can be understood as the status quo of the development of distance and future goals, multidimensional growth space and limited the quality attributes of growth, rather than the blind pursuit of speed and efficiency, become The key to the sustainable development of tourist cities.
Second, based on the coupling theory, interaction and coupling mechanism of ecological theory of tourism city growth among the subjects. It explains the mutual promotion and restriction relationship between tourism industry and city coupling development; build a tourism city coupling growth development circle and the support ring, the coupling relationship between that of the two determines the development complexity and to achieve the degree of relativity; coupling degree decides the growth effect of the city tourism, tourism industry and the development of the city, the coupling degree of satisfaction influence tourists' perception and experience, and thus will affect the future of tourism attention and tourism behavior.
Third, this paper constructs the theoretical framework of the growth ability of the city's tourism, including tourism attraction, tourism development, city support, tourist satisfaction and network popularity level of five dimensions. The tourist attraction explains a city can be regarded as required for city tourism resources, location and other conditions; tourism development is the performance of the tourism development level and ability of sustainable development; city support force is the external support system of city tourism development; tourist satisfaction and network popularity is the embodiment of city tourism growth effect, reflect the quality and effect of tourism city growth.
Fourth, the growth ability of tourism city is a growth theory based on coupling theory, the concept of innovation, ecological theory, exploratory research belongs to the new theory, this paper uses the SEM method of the theoretical model are verified. The first test of the measurement model, the membership refers to the relationship between the number and evaluation index; secondly, the structure model of the relationship between each index to test, that the relationship between the five sub indices, which thinks that there is a latent variable (we named it the "city tourism development index) can explain the five sub variables, and the model is tested and revised. The results show that the tourism attraction the development of tourism, tourist satisfaction, have a direct impact on the growth of tourism city, city support, network popularity plays indirect effects. From the extent of the impact, the development of the tourism industry since The body strength is the main reason affecting the growth ability of tourism city; from the specific indicators, "environmental quality" and "total tourism growth rate next year is" the growth ability of tourism city is negative, with limited "proposed" the growth point of view, is also in line with sustainable development the concept, this paper argues that in the premise of improving the quality of development, steady growth to a higher level of development, is a tourist city for the development of ideas more scientific and reasonable.
Fifth, the development of the tourism city index system of tourism and tourism that within the city and tourist city system coupling development degree, the relationship between the tourism development and support the city as the basis of dividing, the evolution of the tourist city is divided into high coupling, intermediate coupling, force coupling, coupling Revival (or recession) stage. From the coupling mode, can be divided into the coordination mode, tourism lag model, city lag model, and the domestic city were analyzed. To investigate the coupled model is helpful to grasp the development direction of the city, especially to find its shortcomings, the formulation and implementation of city tourism guide the development strategy. At the end of this paper a comparative analysis of Beijing and 15 of the world's leading tourism city, and puts forward some suggestions for future development.
This paper sets up a research framework based on coupled growth oriented, through empirical study of city data at home and abroad, to verify the mechanism between the theoretical framework of evaluation of the growth of tourism city and each dimension, enrich the tourism city theory and the growth theory, the growth of the cultivation for the tourist city, city planning, management and marketing provides operation the framework of high fit.

【學位授予單位】：北京交通大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F592.7;F299.27

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