本文關(guān)鍵詞： 企業(yè)型政府 政府改革 再造 理論 實務(wù)　出處：《蘇州大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：企業(yè)型政府是20世紀(jì)80年代以來，為迎接國際化和國際競爭的挑戰(zhàn)，化解政府的各種弊病，一些發(fā)達(dá)國家在開展政府再造運動中興起的一種新的政府改革理論。與以前政府改革不同，企業(yè)型政府主張效法企業(yè)，強調(diào)創(chuàng)新、服務(wù)、競爭、績效，以此改造傳統(tǒng)的官僚體系和政府管制，使政府運作更有效率、更具品質(zhì)，從而成為一個“具有企業(yè)精神的政府”。 進(jìn)入21世紀(jì)以來，我國一些地方政府在經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化、社會轉(zhuǎn)型、經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)制和管理、政府財政和信任危機的多重壓力下，開始由傳統(tǒng)政府管理體制向現(xiàn)代政府管理體制的艱難革新。在此背景下，及時吸收借鑒西方企業(yè)型政府改革經(jīng)驗，關(guān)注行政范式的潛移，對于地方政府進(jìn)一步轉(zhuǎn)變職能、精兵簡政、減輕財政負(fù)擔(dān)、改善政府形象、密切政府與公眾關(guān)系，逐步建立健全以經(jīng)濟(jì)調(diào)節(jié)、市場監(jiān)管、社會管理和公共服務(wù)為主體的政府職能體系具有重要意義。 企業(yè)型政府的理念并非要求政府的運作完全與企業(yè)一樣，而是認(rèn)為政府必須在市場機制的引領(lǐng)下，引進(jìn)競爭的刺激力量，打造一個富于活力與生氣的、以民眾需求為導(dǎo)向的、具有高效率和高效能的政府。該管理模式吸納了新公共管理的一些理念和方法，受成功企業(yè)管理創(chuàng)新的示范牽引，在理論上以一系列新的策略和主張表達(dá)了對傳統(tǒng)政府深層次改革的取向，在實務(wù)上通過企業(yè)化改造活動以構(gòu)建一個非官僚制的服務(wù)型政府。它具有結(jié)構(gòu)性、整體性轉(zhuǎn)換的意向，是現(xiàn)代政府治理可選擇的主要途徑之一。 企業(yè)型政府的改革實踐不同于傳統(tǒng)的行政改革，而是深層的政府再造，具有行政革新的物質(zhì)，主要反映為治理理論的全方位創(chuàng)新、管理層級的扁平化、行政審批和許可的簡化與規(guī)范、引進(jìn)競爭的公共供給機制、企業(yè)化合理精簡機構(gòu)和人員等方面。 本文結(jié)合南通市部分工商業(yè)主管部門改革的實踐案例，分析了我國和當(dāng)?shù)卣母锏默F(xiàn)狀、問題與原因，，探討了企業(yè)型政府改革的概念和意涵，在研究歐美國家的企業(yè)型政府改革經(jīng)驗上提出了地方政府機構(gòu)企業(yè)化改革的若干對策性思路。 對企業(yè)型政府的產(chǎn)生背景、理論主張和模式、實務(wù)政策、發(fā)展趨向等進(jìn)行研究剖析，一定意義上有益于探索當(dāng)今中國地方政府改革的新趨勢和新舉措。
[Abstract]:Since 1980s, the enterprise-oriented government, in order to meet the challenge of internationalization and international competition, has resolved all kinds of maladies of the government. A new theory of government reform is emerging in some developed countries during the process of government reengineering. Unlike previous government reforms, enterprise governments advocate emulating enterprises, emphasizing innovation, service, competition, and performance. In this way, the traditional bureaucratic system and government control should be reformed to make the government operate more efficiently and qualitatively, thus becoming a "government with enterprise spirit". Since 21th century, some local governments in China have been under the pressure of economic globalization, social transformation, economic restructuring and management, government finance and trust crisis. Beginning from the traditional government management system to the modern government management system difficult innovation. Under this background, absorb the western enterprise type government reform experience in time, pay attention to the latent shift of the administrative paradigm, for the local government to change the function further, It is of great significance to simplify the administration, lighten the financial burden, improve the image of the government, close the relationship between the government and the public, and gradually establish and perfect the government function system with economic regulation, market supervision, social management and public service as the main body. The idea of an enterprise-oriented government is not to require the government to operate exactly the same as the enterprise, but to think that the government must, under the guidance of the market mechanism, introduce the stimulating force of competition to create a dynamic and dynamic one that is guided by the needs of the people. Efficient and effective government. This management model absorbs some ideas and methods of new public management, and is guided by successful enterprise management innovation. In theory, a series of new strategies and opinions are used to express the orientation of the deep-level reform of the traditional government, and in practice, to construct a service-oriented government with non-bureaucratic system through the activities of enterprise transformation, which has the intention of structural and holistic transformation. It is one of the main ways that modern government can choose. The reform practice of the enterprise-oriented government is different from the traditional administrative reform, but the deep government reengineering, with the substance of the administrative innovation, mainly reflected in the omni-directional innovation of the governance theory and the flattening of the management hierarchy. The simplification and standardization of administrative examination and approval, the introduction of competitive public supply mechanism, and the rational streamlining of institutions and personnel. This paper analyzes the present situation, problems and reasons of the reform of Chinese and local governments, and probes into the concept and implication of the reform of the enterprise-oriented government, combining with the practical cases of the reform of some departments in charge of industry and commerce in Nantong City. On the basis of studying the experience of enterprise government reform in Europe and America, this paper puts forward some countermeasures for the reform of local government organization. It is beneficial to explore the new trend and measures of local government reform in China in a certain sense by analyzing the background, theoretical propositions and models, practical policies and development trends of enterprise-oriented government.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘇州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：D630

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本文編號：1538461