本文選題：盾構(gòu)機　切入點：BP神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)　出處：《廣東工業(yè)大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著人工智能技術(shù)和信息技術(shù)在機械工業(yè)中的發(fā)展,機械故障診斷技術(shù)也朝著智能化的方向發(fā)展。盾構(gòu)機刀盤直徑大、工作環(huán)境惡劣和受力復(fù)雜,并且盾構(gòu)刀盤驅(qū)動液壓馬達數(shù)量有8個,分布范圍大。液壓馬達發(fā)生故障將直接導(dǎo)致盾構(gòu)機無法正常工作,甚至引發(fā)事故。利用傳統(tǒng)的依賴于維修者個人經(jīng)驗的手工或半自動的故障診斷方式對液壓馬達進行故障診斷,工作效率低、準確度不高,本文開展的盾構(gòu)機刀盤驅(qū)動液壓馬達智能診斷系統(tǒng)的研究工作是要開發(fā)出效率更高,更智能的故障診斷的方式,因此對大型機械設(shè)備的維護具有重要意義。本文針對盾構(gòu)機刀盤驅(qū)動液壓馬達的故障診斷,研究了基于BP神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)和專家系統(tǒng)診斷方法的液壓馬達故障診斷系統(tǒng)。首先,研究了盾構(gòu)機刀盤驅(qū)動液壓馬達的故障產(chǎn)生機理和故障發(fā)生規(guī)律,為液壓馬達故障診斷系統(tǒng)積累了專家知識。其次,研究了液壓馬達故障的模式識別,故障特征信號的選取及故障特征監(jiān)測參數(shù),確定了故障信號監(jiān)測的位置、信號獲取過程和信號的標度變換過程。分析了濾波方法在故障信號預(yù)處理中的應(yīng)用,研究了故障特征提取的時域分析法和頻域分析法。再次,研究了BP神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)和專家系統(tǒng)結(jié)合的故障診斷方法,分析了人工神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的拓撲結(jié)構(gòu)和BP神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的算法流程,同時研究了專家系統(tǒng)的結(jié)構(gòu),深入研究了專家系統(tǒng)知識庫的知識表示和專家系統(tǒng)的知識獲取模型以及液壓馬達故障知識庫結(jié)構(gòu)。在此基礎(chǔ)上,研究了神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)專家系統(tǒng)的結(jié)構(gòu)及其盾構(gòu)機刀盤驅(qū)動液壓馬達故障診斷模型,并深入的研究了神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)專家系統(tǒng)的推理機制和解釋機制。最后,研究盾構(gòu)機刀盤驅(qū)動液壓馬達故障診斷系統(tǒng)的開發(fā)流程,同時構(gòu)建了故障診斷系統(tǒng)的硬件系統(tǒng),并選取了硬件設(shè)備搭建數(shù)據(jù)采集、數(shù)據(jù)處理和數(shù)據(jù)通信的硬件平臺。在此基礎(chǔ)上,利用模塊化思想設(shè)計盾構(gòu)機刀盤驅(qū)動液壓馬達故障診斷系統(tǒng)軟件總體結(jié)構(gòu),然后采用C++語言編寫各模塊程序源代碼,并在Visual Studio 2005軟件中建立了盾構(gòu)機刀盤驅(qū)動液壓馬達故障診斷系統(tǒng)軟件中各模塊的應(yīng)用程序,包括液壓馬達故障診斷系統(tǒng)登錄界面、狀態(tài)監(jiān)測與故障診斷功能、故障報警與診斷功能、BP神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)訓(xùn)練設(shè)計、知識庫管理等。通過本文的研究,所得研究結(jié)果對大型設(shè)備液壓馬達的故障診斷和維護具有指導(dǎo)作用,同時可以作為液壓系統(tǒng)關(guān)鍵零部件的故障監(jiān)測診斷研究的借鑒和參考。
[Abstract]:With the development of artificial intelligence and information technology in mechanical industry, mechanical fault diagnosis technology is also developing intelligently.The shield machine has large diameter of cutter head, bad working environment and complex force, and there are 8 hydraulic motors driven by cutter head of shield machine, which have a wide distribution range.Hydraulic motor failure will directly lead to shield machine can not work properly, or even cause an accident.The traditional manual or semi-automatic fault diagnosis method, which depends on the personal experience of the maintainer, is used to diagnose the fault of the hydraulic motor.The research work of the intelligent diagnosis system for hydraulic motor driven by cutter head of shield machine in this paper is to develop a more efficient and intelligent way of fault diagnosis, so it is of great significance for the maintenance of large mechanical equipment.In this paper, the fault diagnosis system of hydraulic motor driven by shield machine is studied based on BP neural network and expert system diagnosis method.Firstly, the mechanism of fault generation and the rule of fault occurrence of hydraulic motor driven by cutter head of shield machine are studied, and the expert knowledge is accumulated for the fault diagnosis system of hydraulic motor.Secondly, the fault pattern recognition of hydraulic motor, the selection of fault feature signal and the parameters of fault feature monitoring are studied, and the location of fault signal monitoring, signal acquisition process and signal scale transformation process are determined.The application of filtering method in fault signal preprocessing is analyzed. The time domain analysis method and frequency domain analysis method for fault feature extraction are studied.Thirdly, the fault diagnosis method combining BP neural network and expert system is studied, the topology structure of artificial neural network and the algorithm flow of BP neural network are analyzed, and the structure of expert system is also studied.The knowledge representation of expert system knowledge base, the knowledge acquisition model of expert system and the structure of hydraulic motor fault knowledge base are studied.On this basis, the structure of neural network expert system and the fault diagnosis model of hydraulic motor driven by cutter head of shield machine are studied, and the reasoning mechanism and explanation mechanism of neural network expert system are studied deeply.Finally, the development process of the hydraulic motor fault diagnosis system driven by the cutter head of shield machine is studied. At the same time, the hardware system of the fault diagnosis system is constructed, and the hardware platform of data acquisition, data processing and data communication is built.On this basis, the software structure of hydraulic motor fault diagnosis system driven by cutter head of shield machine is designed by using modularization thought, and the source code of each module program is compiled by C language.In the software of Visual Studio 2005, the application program of each module in the software of hydraulic motor fault diagnosis system driven by cutter head of shield machine is established, including the login interface of hydraulic motor fault diagnosis system, the function of condition monitoring and fault diagnosis.The function of fault alarm and diagnosis is BP neural network training design, knowledge base management and so on.Through the research in this paper, the results can be used as a guide for the fault diagnosis and maintenance of the hydraulic motor of large equipment, and it can also be used as a reference for the fault monitoring and diagnosis of the key parts of the hydraulic system.
【學位授予單位】：廣東工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：U455.39;TH137.51

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