本文選題：肺癌　切入點(diǎn)：神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)　出處：《中國(guó)科學(xué)院大學(xué)(中國(guó)科學(xué)院遙感與數(shù)字地球研究所)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來(lái),隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展,人民生活水平的不斷提高,飲食習(xí)慣、生活節(jié)奏和生活方式產(chǎn)生了極大的改變,同時(shí)快速工業(yè)化導(dǎo)致的環(huán)境污染問(wèn)題也日益嚴(yán)重,突出表現(xiàn)為水、土壤、大氣等環(huán)境要素的惡化,這些都對(duì)人類(lèi)生存狀態(tài)產(chǎn)生不利影響,直接表現(xiàn)為人群各種疾病的響應(yīng)。自2004年,全國(guó)系統(tǒng)開(kāi)展大范圍的疾病普查,研究數(shù)據(jù)表明,我國(guó)人群疾病譜發(fā)生了重要改變,突出表現(xiàn)為以肺癌為代表的惡性腫瘤為已經(jīng)成為主要的疾病形式。肺癌嚴(yán)重威脅到人類(lèi)健康,由此造成的疾病負(fù)擔(dān)更是受到各國(guó)政府的重視。肺癌高發(fā)的趨勢(shì)使人們意識(shí)到解決癌癥問(wèn)題不能僅僅寄托在治療技術(shù)的突破上,更應(yīng)該在癌癥預(yù)防方面加大力度。除了社會(huì)因素影響之外,腫瘤的發(fā)生已被證明與某些地理環(huán)境和環(huán)境污染有著密切的關(guān)系,因此篩選生態(tài)環(huán)境中與肺癌有關(guān)的響應(yīng)因子對(duì)于肺癌的防治將起到至關(guān)重要的作用。GIS具有強(qiáng)大空間分析和數(shù)據(jù)管理功能,衛(wèi)星遙感技術(shù)能夠以相對(duì)低廉的成本,迅速的獲取大范圍、長(zhǎng)時(shí)間序列的生態(tài)環(huán)境數(shù)據(jù)。本文嘗試借助于遙感與GIS技術(shù),綜合運(yùn)用多種分析方法,從生態(tài)環(huán)境的角度初步探索對(duì)肺癌發(fā)病率具有顯著影響的因子,以期為肺癌的生態(tài)防控有意的借鑒。本文基于衛(wèi)星遙感影像獲取研究區(qū)的植被指數(shù)與大氣污染物SO2、NO2、AOD,并采用神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)模型反演出PM2.5數(shù)據(jù)�；诘孛鏆庀笳军c(diǎn)獲取氣候數(shù)據(jù),包括相對(duì)濕度、降水、氣溫、氣壓,并采用克里金插值模型計(jì)算出研究區(qū)的各氣候因子均值。從《中國(guó)腫瘤登記年報(bào)》中提取出各腫瘤監(jiān)測(cè)點(diǎn)的肺癌統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù),并從空間和時(shí)間的角度分析了我國(guó)肺癌發(fā)病的時(shí)空特征,基于最小二乘法分析2006與2009年間肺癌發(fā)病率與各影響因子變化值的關(guān)系。分別基于普通線(xiàn)性回歸和空間回歸模型的結(jié)果,選取適宜的回歸模型,分析了2009年肺癌發(fā)病率與各生態(tài)環(huán)境影響因子的關(guān)系,篩選出具有顯著相關(guān)性的因子。最后采用灰色關(guān)聯(lián)度模型,分別分析了2006年與2009年各影響因子對(duì)肺癌發(fā)病率影響的程度。得出如下結(jié)論:(1)我國(guó)肺癌發(fā)病率男性高于女性,并呈逐年上升趨勢(shì),其構(gòu)成比也逐年上升,肺癌危害程度在增大。從空間分布上看,肺癌發(fā)病率表現(xiàn)出較大的空間差異性。高發(fā)區(qū)主要分布在東北、北京、武漢、長(zhǎng)三角以及成渝地區(qū),低發(fā)區(qū)主要分布在中西部省份。男女肺癌發(fā)病率在空間分布上也存在一定的差異,男性高發(fā)區(qū)主要位于東北及長(zhǎng)三角地區(qū),女性高發(fā)區(qū)主要分布在東北地區(qū)。在肺癌發(fā)病趨勢(shì)上,出現(xiàn)負(fù)增長(zhǎng)的登記點(diǎn)主要分布在江蘇、湖南和廣東境內(nèi),增長(zhǎng)率為正的登記點(diǎn)主要分布在東北、北京、長(zhǎng)三角和中原地區(qū),其中中部地區(qū)增長(zhǎng)最為顯著。在時(shí)間維度上,2006-2009年間男女肺癌發(fā)病率隨著NO2、SO2、PM2.5變化的增大而增大,隨著NDVI的降低而增大,其中肺癌發(fā)病率與SO2的變化相關(guān)性最大,其次是NDVI、PM2.5和NO2。(2)分析結(jié)果表明,空間誤差模型適宜對(duì)各因子與肺癌發(fā)病率進(jìn)行回歸分析�；貧w結(jié)果顯示肺癌發(fā)病率隨著NO2(β=0.8,p0.05)、SO2(β=0.59,p0.01)、PM2.5(β=0.13,p0.01)、相對(duì)濕度(β=7.37,p0.05)的增大而增大,隨著降水量(β=-0.62,p0.05)、NDVI(β=-0.18,p0.01)的增大而降低。氣溫與氣壓的回歸分析顯示暫不能認(rèn)為兩者與肺癌發(fā)病率的相關(guān)性具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(p0.05)。(3)灰色關(guān)聯(lián)度模型分析結(jié)果表明,各因子(NO2、SO2、PM2.5、相對(duì)濕度、降水量、NDVI)雖然在不同年份對(duì)肺癌發(fā)病率的影響程度有所差異,總體上看,植被指數(shù)NDVI對(duì)我國(guó)腫瘤登記地區(qū)的肺癌發(fā)病率的影響最大,相對(duì)濕度最低。大氣污染物中,對(duì)男女肺癌發(fā)病率影響最大的因素是SO2,其次是NO2,PM2.5最小。降水量對(duì)男女肺癌發(fā)病率的影響相對(duì)較小。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the rapid development of economy, the improvement of people's life, eating habits, rhythm of life and way of life has changed greatly, the problem of environmental pollution and rapid industrialization led to increasingly severe, especially for water, soil, air and other environmental deterioration factors, which have adverse effects on human the survival of the state, directly shows the responses of human diseases. Since 2004, to carry out a wide range of diseases among the national system, research data show that there was an important change in population spectrum of disease in our country, this is manifested by lung cancer as the representative of the malignant tumor has become the main form of the disease. Lung cancer is a serious threat to human health, thus the burden of disease caused more attention by the governments. The trend of high incidence of lung cancer so as to make people aware of not only solve the problem of cancer treatment lies in the technical breakthrough, Should be more in cancer prevention efforts. In addition to the influence of social factors, the occurrence of tumor has been proved to have close relationship with the geographical environment and environmental pollution, prevention and treatment of cancer related response factors so screening for lung cancer in the ecological environment will play a important role to.GIS has strong spatial analysis and data the management function of satellite remote sensing technology can be at a relatively low cost, rapid access to a wide range of ecological environment data, long time series. This paper attempts by remote sensing and GIS technology, comprehensive use of various analysis methods, from the perspective of the ecological environment factors of preliminary exploration has significant effect on the incidence of lung cancer, in order to ecological control for lung cancer to learn. SO2, vegetation index and atmospheric pollutants in the study area of satellite remote sensing image based on NO2, AOD, and the neural network model The performance of PM2.5 data access. Based on Meteorological climate data, including precipitation, relative humidity, air temperature, air pressure, and calculate the mean climate factors in the study area using Kriging interpolation model. From the Chinese < tumor registry extract lung cancer statistics the tumor monitoring points of the annual report ", and from the Perspective of time and space analysis of the spatial and temporal characteristics of Chinese lung cancer, analysis of the relationship between 2006 and 2009 years, the incidence of lung cancer and the influence factor of variation based on least square method. Based on the general linear regression and spatial regression model results respectively, selected proper regression model should be analyzed in 2009, the incidence of lung cancer and the ecological factors relationship. Selected factors with significant correlation. Finally, by using the grey correlation model, respectively analyzes the extent of 2006 and the influence factors on the incidence of lung cancer in 2009. As a Conclusion: (1) in China, the incidence of lung cancer in men than women, and increasing year by year, the proportion is increasing, the degree of harm in lung cancer increased. From the view of spatial distribution, the incidence of lung cancer showed a larger difference of space. High incidence area mainly distributed in the northeast, Beijing, Wuhan, and the Yangtze River Delta Chengdu Chongqing region, the low incidence area mainly distributed in the central and western provinces. The incidence of lung cancer and there are some differences in the spatial distribution, the high incidence area of men mainly located in the northeast and the Yangtze River Delta region, the high incidence area of women is mainly distributed in the northeast region. The incidence trend of lung cancer, negative growth in the registration points are mainly distributed in Jiangsu, Hunan and in Guangdong, growth rate is the registration point is mainly distributed in the northeast, Beijing, Yangtze River Delta and the Central Plains region, the central region of the most significant growth. In the dimension of time, 2006-2009 years among men and women with the incidence of lung cancer NO2, SO2, PM2.5 increased change increases, and increases with the decrease of NDVI, the change of correlation between the incidence of lung cancer and SO2 was the biggest, followed by NDVI, PM2.5 and NO2. (2) analysis results show that the spatial error model suitable for each factor and the incidence rate of lung cancer by regression analysis. The regression results show the incidence of lung cancer with the rate of NO2 (beta =0.8, P0.05), SO2 (beta =0.59, P0.01), PM2.5 (beta =0.13, P0.01), relative humidity (beta =7.37, P0.05) increases with the amount of precipitation (beta =-0.62, P0.05), NDVI (beta =-0.18, P0.01) increased and decreased temperature regression. With the pressure of the analysis showed that can not be considered statistically significant correlation with the incidence of lung cancer (P0.05). (3) the grey correlation model analysis showed that the factors (NO2, SO2, PM2.5, relative humidity, precipitation, NDVI) although in different years have different degree of influence on the incidence of lung cancer. Look on the whole, The vegetation index NDVI has the largest impact on the incidence of lung cancer in China's cancer registries, and the lowest relative humidity. The most important factor in the incidence of lung cancer is SO2, followed by NO2 and PM2.5. The impact of precipitation on the incidence of lung cancer in men and women is relatively small.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)科學(xué)院大學(xué)(中國(guó)科學(xué)院遙感與數(shù)字地球研究所)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：P208;R734.2;TP79

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