本文選題：計(jì)量供熱 + 兩部制熱價(jià)�。� 參考：《天津大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：實(shí)施供熱計(jì)量及收費(fèi)不僅是深化我國(guó)供熱體制改革的有效措施,也是促使用戶行為節(jié)能,降低供暖能耗的重要手段。然而目前我國(guó)在與供熱計(jì)量有關(guān)的熱價(jià)制定方法與收費(fèi)模式方面的研究相對(duì)滯后,制約了供熱體制改革的進(jìn)程。因此制定科學(xué)合理的熱價(jià)和收費(fèi)模式是我國(guó)供熱計(jì)量改革工作所需要解決的首要問(wèn)題。本文對(duì)天津市2013~2014年供暖季6個(gè)小區(qū)的供熱數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行分析,得出了在未考慮室溫因素的情況下,建筑中不同位置用戶單位采暖面積耗熱量的相對(duì)差異達(dá)到26.5%,差額不容忽視。在按用戶實(shí)際耗熱量收取供暖費(fèi)用時(shí),需要采取適當(dāng)方法來(lái)減小用戶位置對(duì)熱費(fèi)的影響。采用居住建筑的實(shí)測(cè)供暖數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)eQUEST能耗計(jì)算模型進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證,然后運(yùn)用能耗模擬方法分析了北方采暖地區(qū)不同建筑節(jié)能率和不同建筑平面布局下用戶位置對(duì)單位面積耗熱量的影響,發(fā)現(xiàn)不同位置用戶的單位面積耗熱量相差很大,最大相對(duì)差異達(dá)到145.6%;同時(shí)還分析了室溫對(duì)不同位置用戶單位面積耗熱量和用戶相對(duì)耗熱量系數(shù)的影響,結(jié)果表明室溫變化對(duì)不同位置用戶耗熱量的影響幅度不同,中中用戶受影響最大,其次為底中用戶、底邊用戶、中邊用戶、頂中用戶和頂邊用戶;在用戶室溫同時(shí)升高或降低時(shí),室溫對(duì)不同位置用戶的相對(duì)耗熱量系數(shù)無(wú)顯著影響。合理的固定熱價(jià)比例、用戶耗熱量位置修正系數(shù)和公共耗熱量分?jǐn)偟确椒ǹ梢栽谝欢ǔ潭壬蠝p小用戶位置對(duì)耗熱量和熱費(fèi)的影響。固定熱價(jià)比例越大,用戶位置對(duì)熱費(fèi)的影響越小,但越不利于調(diào)動(dòng)用戶節(jié)能的積極性;隨著采暖度日數(shù)的增大,不同位置用戶修正系數(shù)的相對(duì)差異逐漸減小,用戶位置對(duì)耗熱量的影響越來(lái)越小;公共耗熱量分?jǐn)偟挠?jì)算方法較為復(fù)雜繁瑣且并未體現(xiàn)全部公共部分耗熱量的分?jǐn)?本文提出了改進(jìn)方法。以天津市用戶耗熱量的實(shí)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)為基礎(chǔ),分析了采用位置修正的兩部制熱價(jià)收費(fèi)方式在減小用戶位置對(duì)熱費(fèi)影響方面所起的作用,得出:與兩部制熱價(jià)收費(fèi)方式相比,采用位置修正的兩部制熱價(jià)收費(fèi)方式有效減少了不同位置用戶間熱費(fèi)的差值,因此采用位置修正的兩部制熱價(jià)的收費(fèi)方式具有一定的合理性。
[Abstract]:The implementation of heating metering and charging is not only an effective measure to deepen the reform of heating system in our country, but also an important means to promote the user's behavior to save energy and reduce the energy consumption of heating. However, the research on the methods and modes of heat pricing related to heating metering in our country is lagging behind, which restricts the process of heating system reform. Therefore, to establish a scientific and reasonable heat price and charging model is the most important problem that needs to be solved in the reform of heating metering in our country. This paper analyzes the heating data of 6 residential areas in Tianjin during the heating season from 2013 to 2014. It is concluded that the relative difference of heat consumption per unit heating area of users in different locations of buildings is 26.5g, which can not be ignored without taking into account the room temperature factors. When the heating cost is collected according to the actual heat consumption of the user, appropriate methods should be taken to reduce the influence of the user's position on the heating cost. The calculation model of eQUEST energy consumption is verified by the measured heating data of residential buildings. Then the energy consumption simulation method is used to analyze the influence of the user's position on the heat consumption per unit area under different building energy saving rate and different building layout in northern heating area. It is found that there is a great difference in heat consumption per unit area among users in different locations. The maximum relative difference is 145.6, and the influence of room temperature on the user's heat consumption per unit area and relative heat consumption coefficient is also analyzed. The results show that the change of room temperature has different influence on the user's heat consumption in different locations. Middle users are most affected, followed by bottom users, middle users, top users and top edge users. When the user room temperature increases or decreases at the same time, the room temperature has no significant effect on the relative heat consumption coefficient of users in different locations. Reasonable fixed heat price ratio, user heat consumption location correction coefficient and public heat consumption allocation can reduce the influence of user location on heat consumption and heat cost to a certain extent. The greater the ratio of fixed heat price, the smaller the influence of user location on heat cost, but the more unfavorable to arouse the enthusiasm of energy saving; with the increase of heating days, the relative difference of user correction coefficient decreases gradually. The influence of user location on heat consumption is less and less, and the calculation method of public heat consumption allocation is more complicated and does not reflect the allocation of all common heat consumption. This paper proposes an improved method. Based on the measured data of heat consumption of users in Tianjin, this paper analyzes the effect of two parts of heating price charge mode modified by location on reducing the influence of user location on heat cost, and draws the conclusion that compared with the two heating price charging methods, The difference of heat cost between users in different locations can be effectively reduced by adopting the two parts heating price charging method of position correction, so it is reasonable to adopt the two parts heating price charge mode with position correction.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TU111.19

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