本文選題：新型節(jié)能夾芯自保溫　切入點(diǎn)：混凝土砌塊　出處：《延邊大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著社會的不斷發(fā)展,我國對于能源問題的重視也在逐漸加強(qiáng),對占社會總耗能比例較高的建筑耗能提出了越來越高的要求,近年國家對建筑節(jié)能提出了65%的要求。而在整個(gè)建筑耗能中,外層圍護(hù)結(jié)構(gòu)的損失占到70%-80%左右,因此使建筑物達(dá)到國家提出的新節(jié)能要求,關(guān)鍵因素之一便是提高外層圍護(hù)結(jié)構(gòu)保溫性能。外墻自保溫墻體砌塊能夠克服目前建筑外墻保溫結(jié)構(gòu)體系施工復(fù)雜、耐火性差以及和建筑結(jié)構(gòu)不同使用年限等很多缺點(diǎn),得到了國家大力的推廣,并在2013年2月制定了《自保溫混凝土復(fù)合砌塊》(JG/T407-2013)的規(guī)范。 本文的目標(biāo)是研制一款新型節(jié)能夾芯自保溫墻體砌塊。該復(fù)合混凝土小型砌塊內(nèi)部存在聚苯乙烯保溫層,由它砌筑而成的墻體節(jié)能效果與雙層夾芯墻相似,而施工工藝相對于傳統(tǒng)夾芯外墻的保溫方式要簡單化很多,該材料具有節(jié)能、節(jié)土、經(jīng)濟(jì)以及施工方便等許多優(yōu)點(diǎn)。本文對于該砌塊砌體的基本力學(xué)性能以及砌塊熱工性能進(jìn)行了試驗(yàn)研究,并對試驗(yàn)結(jié)果進(jìn)行了分析和總結(jié)。 本文主要在以下幾個(gè)方面進(jìn)行了研究： (1)設(shè)計(jì)并制作3組不同混凝土強(qiáng)度等級,尺寸為390mm×190mm×190mm的新型節(jié)能夾芯自保溫混凝土砌塊,通過抗壓試驗(yàn)研究砌塊強(qiáng)度變化,找出影響新型節(jié)能砌塊強(qiáng)度的關(guān)鍵因素,對砌塊的塊型結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì),從5種塊型中選擇出結(jié)構(gòu)較合理的K2(190)塊型。 (2)對于優(yōu)選出的K2(190)型砌塊做進(jìn)一步物理性研究,根據(jù)國家頒布的建筑規(guī)范,研究和分析砌塊的抗剪強(qiáng)度、干容重和軟化系數(shù),檢測結(jié)果均符合國家有關(guān)規(guī)定。 (3)利用ANSYS有限元軟件和規(guī)范理論經(jīng)驗(yàn)公式,兩種方法分析新型砌塊的熱工性能,與試驗(yàn)結(jié)果對比,分析結(jié)果表明ANSYS軟件的數(shù)值分析方法可以精確的模擬砌塊的溫度場、溫度梯度、熱流量等云圖,對于砌塊熱工性能的分析可以起到輔助作用。 (4)對比由K2(190)型新型節(jié)能夾芯自保溫砌塊砌筑的無筋砌體墻和配筋砌體墻極限承載力,觀察試件破壞現(xiàn)象,得出破壞后裂縫的發(fā)展趨勢。 (5)砌塊中的聚苯乙烯保溫板屬于塊體本身的保溫材料,同時(shí)起到模板作用。在模具中澆筑混凝土,然后拆模,砌塊一次成型無需后期加工,自帶裝飾效果,可直接用于非承重外墻,現(xiàn)場砌筑方便,且經(jīng)濟(jì)性好,便于在實(shí)際生產(chǎn)中推廣。 本文的目的就是通過對砌塊結(jié)構(gòu)選型,改良出強(qiáng)度和整體性好且符合國家有關(guān)規(guī)定的節(jié)能保溫墻體砌塊,同時(shí)進(jìn)一步對砌體結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行抗壓試驗(yàn)分析,最終研制出一款適用于嚴(yán)寒地區(qū)且節(jié)能性,保溫性和經(jīng)濟(jì)性好的新型節(jié)能夾芯自保溫墻體砌塊。
[Abstract]:With the development of the society, the attention to the energy problem in our country has been gradually strengthened, and the building energy consumption, which accounts for a high proportion of the total energy consumption in the society, is becoming more and more important. In recent years, the state has put forward 65% requirements for building energy conservation. In the whole building energy consumption, the loss of outer envelope structure accounts for about 70% to 80%, so that the building can meet the new energy saving requirements put forward by the state. One of the key factors is to improve the thermal insulation performance of outer envelope structure. The self-insulating wall block can overcome many shortcomings, such as complex construction, poor fire resistance and different service life of building structure. It has been popularized by our country, and in February 2013, the specification of JG / T 407-2013 was formulated. The aim of this paper is to develop a new type of energy-saving sandwich self-insulating wall block, which has a polystyrene insulation layer inside the small composite concrete block, and the energy saving effect of the wall built by it is similar to that of the double-layer sandwich wall. Compared with the traditional core wall insulation, the construction technology is much simpler. The material is energy-saving and soil-saving. In this paper, the basic mechanical properties of the masonry block and the thermal properties of the block are studied experimentally, and the test results are analyzed and summarized. This paper mainly carries on the research in the following aspects:. 1) three groups of new energy-saving sandwich self-insulating concrete blocks with different strength grades of concrete are designed and manufactured. The key factors affecting the strength of new energy-saving blocks are found through compressive tests. The block structure of block block was optimized and the K _ 2O _ (190) block type with reasonable structure was selected from five block types. According to the building code issued by the state, the shear strength, dry bulk weight and softening coefficient of the block are studied and analyzed, and the test results are in accordance with the relevant regulations of the state. 3) using ANSYS finite element software and the empirical formula of code theory, two methods are used to analyze the thermal performance of the new block. The results show that the numerical analysis method of ANSYS software can accurately simulate the temperature field of the block. Temperature gradient, heat flux and other cloud diagrams can play an auxiliary role in the analysis of block thermal performance. Compared with the ultimate bearing capacity of the unreinforced masonry wall and reinforced masonry wall built by the new type of energy saving sandwich block with self-insulation block, the failure phenomenon of the specimen is observed and the development trend of the crack after the failure is obtained by comparing the ultimate bearing capacity of the new type of energy saving sandwich block masonry wall with that of the reinforced masonry wall. The polystyrene insulation board in the block belongs to the insulation material of the block itself and acts as a template. The concrete is poured into the mould and then the mold is removed. The block does not have to be processed later in the process and has its own decorative effect. It can be directly used for non-load-bearing exterior wall. It is easy to be built on site and economical. It is easy to be popularized in actual production. The purpose of this paper is to improve the energy saving and heat preservation wall block with good strength and integrity and accord with the relevant regulations of the state by selecting the structure of the block, and at the same time, to further carry out the compressive test analysis of the masonry structure. Finally, a new type of energy-saving self-insulating wall block is developed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：延邊大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TU522.3;TU111.4

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