完善中俄能源合作機制研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-11-20 16:44
【摘要】：中國作為世界第一大能源消費國,油氣進口依存度逐年提高。為保障能源消費和進口安全,需要擴大傳統(tǒng)能源進口渠道。俄羅斯近幾年面臨歐債危機、歐美制裁和盧布大幅度波動,對其能源出口和國內(nèi)經(jīng)濟穩(wěn)定性造成一定程度的影響,尋求新的能源出口市場,擴大能源出口規(guī)模,是俄羅斯擺脫目前經(jīng)濟困境的必要途徑。雖然中俄能源合作對促進兩國經(jīng)濟發(fā)展和保障國家經(jīng)濟安全至關(guān)重要,是互利共贏的合作項目,但在合作過程中仍然存在一些摩擦和問題,相關(guān)機制也存在缺陷。因此,加強對中俄能源合作機制的完善,能夠讓兩國在能源合作實際操作過程中,針對不同問題制定出有針對性的解決方案,推動兩國能源合作向縱深化發(fā)展,為雙方共同應(yīng)對全球能源環(huán)境的不斷變化提供指導(dǎo),有效保護兩國根本利益。通過對中俄能源合作的發(fā)展過程進行研究可以看出,中國和俄羅斯在能源合作初期的政策導(dǎo)向和供需情況存在差異,進展較為緩慢,隨著兩國國際能源地位及能源戰(zhàn)略發(fā)生變化,能源合作的速度和規(guī)模得以快速提升。但是,在中俄能源合作水平不斷提升的同時,由于兩國能源戰(zhàn)略和法律法規(guī)存在差異,導(dǎo)致兩國在能源合作項目談判機制、利益協(xié)調(diào)機制和法律保障機制的制定和實施過程中存在諸多問題和不足。所以,雙方需結(jié)合各自具有的優(yōu)勢資源和當(dāng)前能源市場宏觀環(huán)境,從政府和企業(yè)兩個層面制定相應(yīng)的解決對策,保障兩國能源合作順利進行。利用文獻分析法對國內(nèi)外相關(guān)文獻及數(shù)據(jù)進行整理和分析發(fā)現(xiàn),中俄能源合作法律保障機制存在相關(guān)立法不系統(tǒng)、法律效力不足等問題。所以,兩國立法部門應(yīng)該借鑒國際能源組織成熟的法律體系結(jié)構(gòu),以設(shè)立爭端解決機構(gòu)等方式發(fā)揮法律效力,為其他能源合作機制提供法律支撐。根據(jù)邏輯分析法對中俄能源合作機制框架及運行進行分析和描述。通過規(guī)范分析法對中俄已存在的能源合作項目進行研究發(fā)現(xiàn),中俄能源合作項目談判機制存在貿(mào)易模式單一和談判地位不平等問題,利益協(xié)調(diào)機制也存在市場利益碰撞和潛在摩擦風(fēng)險。因此,兩國政府應(yīng)進行全方位交流,充分認(rèn)清雙方共同的利益訴求,利用現(xiàn)有條件為能源企業(yè)提供穩(wěn)定的制度保障,利用上合組織等對話平臺,為完善中俄能源合作機制制定切實可行的改進方案,推動兩國能源合作全產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈一體化發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:As the world's largest energy consumer, China's oil and gas import dependence has increased year by year. In order to ensure energy consumption and import security, we need to expand the traditional energy import channels. In recent years, Russia has faced the European debt crisis, the sanctions from Europe and the United States and the sharp fluctuations in the rouble have had a certain impact on its energy exports and domestic economic stability. It has sought a new energy export market and expanded the scale of energy exports. It is a necessary way for Russia to get out of its current economic predicament. Although Sino-Russian energy cooperation is very important to promote the economic development of the two countries and safeguard national economic security, it is a mutually beneficial and win-win cooperation project, but there are still some frictions and problems in the process of cooperation, and the relevant mechanisms also have defects. Therefore, strengthening the improvement of the mechanism of energy cooperation between China and Russia can enable the two countries to formulate targeted solutions to different problems in the practical operation of energy cooperation, so as to promote the development of energy cooperation between the two countries in depth. To provide guidance for both sides to deal with the changing global energy environment and effectively protect the fundamental interests of both countries. Through the study of the development process of Sino-Russian energy cooperation, we can see that there are differences in the policy orientation and supply and demand situation between China and Russia in the initial stage of energy cooperation, and the progress is relatively slow. With the change of international energy status and energy strategy, the speed and scale of energy cooperation have been rapidly improved. However, while the level of Sino-Russian energy cooperation is constantly improving, due to differences in energy strategies, laws and regulations between the two countries, this has led to the negotiation mechanism of energy cooperation projects between the two countries. There are many problems and deficiencies in the establishment and implementation of interest coordination mechanism and legal safeguard mechanism. Therefore, both sides should make corresponding solutions from the two levels of government and enterprise in order to ensure the smooth progress of energy cooperation between the two countries by combining their respective superior resources and the current macro environment of energy market. Based on the literature analysis, it is found that there are some problems in the legal protection mechanism of Sino-Russian energy cooperation, such as the legislation is not systematic and the legal effect is insufficient. Therefore, the legislative departments of the two countries should draw lessons from the mature legal system structure of the International Energy Organization and provide legal support for other energy cooperation mechanisms by means of establishing dispute settlement bodies and so on. According to logic analysis, the framework and operation of Sino-Russian energy cooperation mechanism are analyzed and described. Through the normative analysis of the existing energy cooperation projects between China and Russia, it is found that the negotiation mechanism of energy cooperation projects between China and Russia has the problems of single trade model and unequal negotiating status. Interest coordination mechanism also exists market interest collision and potential friction risk. Therefore, the two governments should conduct all-round exchanges, fully recognize the common interests of both sides, make use of existing conditions to provide stable institutional protection for energy enterprises, and make use of dialogue platforms such as the Shanghai Cooperation Organization. In order to perfect the mechanism of energy cooperation between China and Russia, we should work out feasible improvement plan and promote the integration of the whole industry chain of energy cooperation between the two countries.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱商業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：F426.2;F451.2
本文編號：2345431
[Abstract]:As the world's largest energy consumer, China's oil and gas import dependence has increased year by year. In order to ensure energy consumption and import security, we need to expand the traditional energy import channels. In recent years, Russia has faced the European debt crisis, the sanctions from Europe and the United States and the sharp fluctuations in the rouble have had a certain impact on its energy exports and domestic economic stability. It has sought a new energy export market and expanded the scale of energy exports. It is a necessary way for Russia to get out of its current economic predicament. Although Sino-Russian energy cooperation is very important to promote the economic development of the two countries and safeguard national economic security, it is a mutually beneficial and win-win cooperation project, but there are still some frictions and problems in the process of cooperation, and the relevant mechanisms also have defects. Therefore, strengthening the improvement of the mechanism of energy cooperation between China and Russia can enable the two countries to formulate targeted solutions to different problems in the practical operation of energy cooperation, so as to promote the development of energy cooperation between the two countries in depth. To provide guidance for both sides to deal with the changing global energy environment and effectively protect the fundamental interests of both countries. Through the study of the development process of Sino-Russian energy cooperation, we can see that there are differences in the policy orientation and supply and demand situation between China and Russia in the initial stage of energy cooperation, and the progress is relatively slow. With the change of international energy status and energy strategy, the speed and scale of energy cooperation have been rapidly improved. However, while the level of Sino-Russian energy cooperation is constantly improving, due to differences in energy strategies, laws and regulations between the two countries, this has led to the negotiation mechanism of energy cooperation projects between the two countries. There are many problems and deficiencies in the establishment and implementation of interest coordination mechanism and legal safeguard mechanism. Therefore, both sides should make corresponding solutions from the two levels of government and enterprise in order to ensure the smooth progress of energy cooperation between the two countries by combining their respective superior resources and the current macro environment of energy market. Based on the literature analysis, it is found that there are some problems in the legal protection mechanism of Sino-Russian energy cooperation, such as the legislation is not systematic and the legal effect is insufficient. Therefore, the legislative departments of the two countries should draw lessons from the mature legal system structure of the International Energy Organization and provide legal support for other energy cooperation mechanisms by means of establishing dispute settlement bodies and so on. According to logic analysis, the framework and operation of Sino-Russian energy cooperation mechanism are analyzed and described. Through the normative analysis of the existing energy cooperation projects between China and Russia, it is found that the negotiation mechanism of energy cooperation projects between China and Russia has the problems of single trade model and unequal negotiating status. Interest coordination mechanism also exists market interest collision and potential friction risk. Therefore, the two governments should conduct all-round exchanges, fully recognize the common interests of both sides, make use of existing conditions to provide stable institutional protection for energy enterprises, and make use of dialogue platforms such as the Shanghai Cooperation Organization. In order to perfect the mechanism of energy cooperation between China and Russia, we should work out feasible improvement plan and promote the integration of the whole industry chain of energy cooperation between the two countries.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱商業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：F426.2;F451.2
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