本文選題：固定義齒 + 網格拓撲重建　； 參考：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著人民生活水平的提高，口腔健康越來越受到人們的關注，我國口腔疾病患病率達到97.6%，約有50%的齲齒需要進行固定義齒修復。由于傳統義齒制作方法工序復雜、周期長、而且無法保證精度，計算機輔助設計制造技術開始滲透到口腔醫(yī)學領域。國外市場上陸續(xù)出現了口腔修復系統，但其昂貴的價格導致了口腔治療費用的增加，影響臨床上的推廣和應用。相比之下，國內尚無商品化的系統，所以本文對口腔固定義齒的數字化設計關鍵技術進行了研究，致力于開發(fā)具有自主知識產權的義齒設計系統。 研究了三角網格模型拓撲重建技術，對現有方法進行了對比分析，采用平衡二叉樹輔助結構去除冗余頂點，提取了模型頂點和三角形信息；分別求取頂點、邊和三角面的鄰接關系，建立了網格拓撲關系圖；在網格優(yōu)化算子中引入曲率約束，實現了網格拓撲形狀優(yōu)化，建立了基于三角網格曲面的義齒三維模型數據結構。 研究了預備牙模型頸緣線提取技術，提出了一種基于改進蟻群算法的頸緣線提取方法，本文在標準蟻群算法基礎上，以平均曲率作為頸緣線特征點的度量，輔以距離函數作為方向引導，對標準蟻群算法啟發(fā)函數進行了改進，并針對蟻群算法局部最優(yōu)問題，引入了隨機動態(tài)權值，最終實現了頸緣線的交互自適應提取，并通過實例驗證了算法的有效性。 研究了三角網格曲面等距技術，提出了一種基于離散隱式曲面的三角網格等距方法，以預備牙頸緣線作為邊界線，采用種子三角形區(qū)域增長的方法提取了預備牙等距基面，建立了包圍盒空間符號距離場，應用改進的MT算法從符號距離場中提取出了等距面，實現了三角網格曲面等距，避免了現有等距方法的自交問題。 基于Qt4軟件開發(fā)環(huán)境及OpenGL圖形庫，開發(fā)了一套固定義齒數字化設計系統，融入了本文義齒數字化設計技術的研究理論，建立了系統數據存儲結構，設計了系統總體框架，實現了三維牙模的輸入和輸出、用戶信息的交互存儲，模型的自由顯示，，固定義齒的設計等功能。
[Abstract]:With the improvement of people's living standard, people pay more and more attention to oral health. The prevalence rate of oral diseases in China is 97.6. about 50% of dental caries need to be repaired with fixed dentures. Because the traditional denture manufacturing process is complicated, the period is long, and the precision can not be guaranteed, the computer-aided design and manufacture technology has begun to infiltrate into the field of stomatology. Oral repair systems have appeared in foreign markets, but their high prices have led to the increase of oral treatment costs, affecting the clinical promotion and application. In contrast, there is no commercial system in China, so this paper studies the key technology of digital design of fixed denture in oral cavity, and devotes to the development of denture design system with independent intellectual property rights. The topology reconstruction technology of triangular mesh model is studied, and the existing methods are compared and analyzed. The redundant vertices are removed by using balanced binary tree auxiliary structure, and the information of model vertices and triangles are extracted, and the vertices are obtained respectively. The topological graph of mesh is established by the contiguous relation between edges and triangles, and the mesh topology shape optimization is realized by introducing curvature constraint into the mesh optimization operator, and the data structure of denture 3D model based on triangular mesh surface is established. In this paper, the technique of neck edge line extraction of the prep tooth model is studied, and a new method based on improved ant colony algorithm is proposed. Based on the standard ant colony algorithm, the mean curvature is taken as the measure of the characteristic point of the neck edge line. Guided by distance function, the heuristic function of standard ant colony algorithm is improved, and random dynamic weights are introduced to solve the local optimal problem of ant colony algorithm. Finally, interactive adaptive extraction of neck edge line is realized. The effectiveness of the algorithm is verified by an example. A triangular mesh isometric method based on discrete-time implicit surface is proposed in this paper. The edge line of the prepared tooth is taken as the boundary line, and the equidistant base surface is extracted by using the method of seed triangle region growth. The symbolic distance field in the bounding box space is established and the equidistant surface is extracted from the symbol distance field by using the improved MT algorithm. The triangular mesh surface isometry is realized and the self-intersection problem of the existing isometric methods is avoided. Based on Qt4 software development environment and OpenGL graphics library, a set of fixed denture digital design system is developed, which integrates the research theory of digital denture design technology in this paper, establishes the data storage structure of the system, and designs the overall framework of the system. The functions of input and output of 3D tooth die, interactive storage of user information, free display of model and design of fixed denture are realized.
【學位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TP391.7

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