本文選題：甘蔗 + 種業(yè)��； 參考：《福建農(nóng)林大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：我國為世界第三大產(chǎn)糖國和食糖消費(fèi)國。近年來,甘蔗糖產(chǎn)量占到了食糖的90%以上。甘蔗糖產(chǎn)量與甘蔗品種息息相關(guān),因此甘蔗種業(yè)發(fā)展對(duì)我國糖業(yè)的發(fā)展至關(guān)重要�；诖�,本文根據(jù)世界種子產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展動(dòng)態(tài)、基本特點(diǎn)及未來發(fā)展趨勢(shì),具體研究我國甘蔗種業(yè)的發(fā)展歷程和現(xiàn)狀、發(fā)展趨勢(shì)、發(fā)展中存在的問題及前景展望,并通過實(shí)地調(diào)研開展對(duì)甘蔗種業(yè)龍頭企業(yè)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略的研究。通過實(shí)地走訪調(diào)研,與相關(guān)人員對(duì)話座談,收集資料,并進(jìn)行總結(jié),了解了我國甘蔗良種扶持的相關(guān)情況,同時(shí)對(duì)行將出臺(tái)的甘蔗良種補(bǔ)貼政策相關(guān)方面的反應(yīng)進(jìn)行調(diào)研。 研究發(fā)現(xiàn),我國甘蔗品種退化嚴(yán)重,新品種推廣應(yīng)用緩慢。究其原因,一是甘蔗良種價(jià)格高出普通大田用種,農(nóng)民對(duì)甘蔗新品種的采用積極性不高；二是農(nóng)民對(duì)良種在增產(chǎn)、增糖方面的作用缺乏了解；三是甘蔗新品種選育研發(fā)成本高、周期長、風(fēng)險(xiǎn)大,缺乏研發(fā)動(dòng)力。我國甘蔗種質(zhì)資源保存良好,但甘蔗品種在改良和更新方面與先進(jìn)產(chǎn)蔗國家相比仍存在差距。甘蔗脫毒種苗仍處于推廣階段,溫水脫毒和組培脫毒技術(shù)在不同地區(qū)具有不同的適應(yīng)性。目前,甘蔗單產(chǎn)低、品種退化、宿根年限短、產(chǎn)量下降快,已成為制約蔗糖產(chǎn)業(yè)持續(xù)穩(wěn)定發(fā)展和蔗糖優(yōu)勢(shì)產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)揮的重大問題。在甘蔗種苗經(jīng)營方面,已形成甘蔗品種選育以科研機(jī)構(gòu)為主,種苗生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營以種苗公司為主的格局,但存在甘蔗種苗假、亂、雜的現(xiàn)象。本文同時(shí)調(diào)研了國內(nèi)外甘蔗品種權(quán)的保護(hù)情況,以及我國在甘蔗品種權(quán)申請(qǐng)和維護(hù)的現(xiàn)狀和未來的發(fā)展前景。 本文針對(duì)甘蔗用種量大,提出提高良種補(bǔ)貼標(biāo)準(zhǔn),多方籌措資金促進(jìn)良種推廣的建議；分析了各種良種補(bǔ)貼發(fā)放方式的利弊;提出為加快良種的推廣和科技進(jìn)步,可以通過設(shè)置品種和企業(yè)準(zhǔn)入門檻,各方?jīng)Q定補(bǔ)貼品種,招標(biāo)良種繁育企業(yè),把良種補(bǔ)貼款給良繁企業(yè),企業(yè)與育種單位商定品種使用費(fèi),而企業(yè)按投標(biāo)優(yōu)惠價(jià)格向蔗農(nóng)提供優(yōu)質(zhì)種苗；在甘蔗種苗經(jīng)營市場(chǎng)方面,提出加強(qiáng)監(jiān)督和檢測(cè)品種質(zhì)量,規(guī)范良種市場(chǎng),確保農(nóng)戶得到實(shí)際利益等良種補(bǔ)貼建議。 通過對(duì)甘蔗龍頭企業(yè)——廣西格霖農(nóng)業(yè)科技發(fā)展有限公司的內(nèi)部環(huán)境優(yōu)勢(shì)、內(nèi)部環(huán)境劣勢(shì)、外部環(huán)境機(jī)會(huì)和外部環(huán)境威脅進(jìn)行了分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)格霖公司具有較強(qiáng)的內(nèi)部優(yōu)勢(shì)和良好的外部機(jī)會(huì),宜采用增長型戰(zhàn)略和多元化戰(zhàn)略相結(jié)合的戰(zhàn)略以提高公司在市場(chǎng)中的競爭力,同時(shí)附加扭轉(zhuǎn)型戰(zhàn)略和防衛(wèi)型戰(zhàn)略,來增強(qiáng)目前公司在市場(chǎng)競爭中能力。 最后基于以上研究提出我國甘蔗種業(yè)仍存在種質(zhì)資源、科研育種、科研投入、種苗質(zhì)量監(jiān)管、人才方面的問題,為了促進(jìn)我國甘蔗種業(yè)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展,提出加強(qiáng)甘蔗新品種選育和推廣應(yīng)用；支持建立良種繁育基地,培育壯大合格誠信的良繁企業(yè);爭取良種補(bǔ)貼,用好良種補(bǔ)貼,促進(jìn)種業(yè)發(fā)展;進(jìn)行脫毒種苗繁育與推廣；支持培育出真正具有育繁推一體化功能的甘蔗種業(yè)公司；加強(qiáng)種苗經(jīng)營的市場(chǎng)監(jiān)管；申請(qǐng)甘蔗品種知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù)等建議。
[Abstract]:In recent years , sugar cane sugar production accounted for more than 90 % of sugar in China .

It is found that the variety of sugarcane varieties in our country is serious and the popularization and application of new varieties is slow . The reason is that the price of sugarcane varieties is higher than that of common field , and farmers ' enthusiasm for new sugarcane varieties is not high ;
secondly , lack of understanding of the role of farmers in increasing the yield and increasing sugar ;
In this paper , sugarcane variety breeding is still in the promotion stage . The sugarcane variety breeding is still in the promotion stage , the temperature and water detoxification and the tissue culture detoxification technology have different adaptability in different regions .

In view of the large variety of sugarcane varieties , this paper puts forward some suggestions to improve the standard of seed subsidy , raise funds to promote the promotion of good seed .
Based on the analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of various kinds of subsidy distribution modes , this paper puts forward that to speed up the promotion and the scientific and technological progress of the fine species , we can set up the varieties and the enterprise access threshold , and the parties decide to subsidize the varieties , to invite the breeding enterprises of the bidding , to supply the fine seeds to the enterprises , enterprises and breeding units to agree on the use fees of the varieties , and the enterprises provide high - quality seedlings to the sugarcane farmers according to the preferential price of the tender ;
In the aspect of sugarcane seedling management market , we put forward the suggestion of strengthening supervision and detecting the quality of varieties , standardizing the good seed market and ensuring the real benefit of the farmer .

Through the analysis of the internal environmental advantages , internal environment weakness , external environment opportunity and external environment threat of sugarcane Longtou Enterprise _ Guangxi Guilin Agricultural Science and Technology Development Co . , Ltd . , it is found that the company has stronger internal advantages and good external opportunities , and it is advisable to adopt the strategy of growth strategy and diversification strategy to improve the competitiveness of the company in the market , and to attach a torsional strategic and defensive strategy to strengthen the current company ' s ability in the market competition .

Finally , on the basis of the above research , it is suggested that there are still germplasm resources , scientific research breeding , scientific research input , quality supervision and talent problems in sugarcane industry in our country . In order to promote the sustainable development of sugar cane industry in China , this paper puts forward the selection and application of new sugarcane varieties .
Support the establishment of a fine breeding base , cultivate qualified and honest enterprises , strive for a good seed subsidy , use good seed subsidies , promote the development of the seed industry , and carry out the breeding and promotion of virus - free seedlings ;
Support the cultivation of sugar cane industry companies with the integrated function of breeding and pushing integration ;
To strengthen the market supervision of seedling management ;
To apply for the protection of the intellectual property rights of sugarcane varieties .
【學(xué)位授予單位】：福建農(nóng)林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：F324.6;F812.8

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