本文選題：識(shí)別功能 + 過錯(cuò)責(zé)任　； 參考：《四川省社會(huì)科學(xué)院》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：在知識(shí)經(jīng)濟(jì)時(shí)代，伴隨市場經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展，知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)越來越受到到市場主體的重視，可以說知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)已經(jīng)成為市場主體在市場競爭中取勝的核心因素。由于法律的滯后性，在知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)領(lǐng)域表現(xiàn)出糾紛難以化解的局面。在市場競爭中如何化解紛繁復(fù)雜的糾紛,關(guān)系市場公平合理和有序發(fā)展。文字商標(biāo)權(quán)和商號(hào)權(quán)作為市場主體在市場競爭中所使用的兩項(xiàng)重要權(quán)利，越來越受到市場主體的重視。在市場主體對(duì)兩項(xiàng)權(quán)利重視程度不斷提高的同時(shí)，兩項(xiàng)權(quán)利之間的法律沖突問題也日益突出。究其原因，主要在于管理制度的固有缺陷；二者承載商譽(yù)功能的重合；經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的一體化；漢字的有限性和詞組的近似性的問題,導(dǎo)致兩項(xiàng)權(quán)利的法律沖突問題的凸顯。通過對(duì)兩項(xiàng)權(quán)利沖突產(chǎn)生原因的分析可以看出，兩項(xiàng)權(quán)利沖突問題難以避免且普遍存在，可以說兩項(xiàng)權(quán)利之間的沖突已經(jīng)阻礙了市場的有序發(fā)展。文章通過對(duì)兩項(xiàng)權(quán)利沖突的分析，將兩項(xiàng)權(quán)利之間的沖突大致歸為：惡意造成的二者沖突；非惡意造成的二者沖突；未注冊文字商標(biāo)權(quán)與商號(hào)權(quán)的沖突三大類。之所以提出上述分類，是因?yàn)樯鲜鋈悰_突有著各自的特點(diǎn)，便于針對(duì)不同類型的沖突采取不同的解決方式。兩項(xiàng)權(quán)利沖突問題的復(fù)雜性決定了二者沖突的解決不可能采用單一的解決方式，應(yīng)該采取多元而且有主次之分的解決方式。以侵權(quán)責(zé)任構(gòu)成為主，輔之以合理使用制度、不當(dāng)?shù)美贫纫约胺床徽?dāng)競爭制度去化解二者之間的沖突，規(guī)范市場競爭行為。惡意造成的二者之間的沖突一般來說，，應(yīng)該從侵權(quán)責(zé)任構(gòu)成和反不正當(dāng)競爭的角度進(jìn)行規(guī)制，對(duì)非惡意造成的二者沖突和未注冊文字商標(biāo)權(quán)與商號(hào)權(quán)的沖突，更多的是運(yùn)用合理使用制度和不當(dāng)?shù)美贫冗M(jìn)行化解。在侵權(quán)責(zé)任構(gòu)成中應(yīng)該采過錯(cuò)責(zé)任作為歸責(zé)原則，因果關(guān)系上采相當(dāng)因果關(guān)系中的折衷說較為可取，責(zé)任承擔(dān)中加大侵權(quán)者的違法成本。重視合理使用制度和不當(dāng)?shù)美贫葘?duì)兩項(xiàng)權(quán)利在行使過程中，指導(dǎo)和調(diào)解作用的發(fā)揮，充分發(fā)揮反不正當(dāng)競爭制度對(duì)兩項(xiàng)權(quán)利沖突協(xié)調(diào)的作用。文章首先對(duì)兩項(xiàng)權(quán)利的異同點(diǎn)做了比較，接著分析了兩項(xiàng)權(quán)利之間沖突產(chǎn)生的原因，將兩項(xiàng)權(quán)利之間的沖突劃分為三大類以及對(duì)兩項(xiàng)權(quán)利之間沖突的解決方案進(jìn)一步做了探討，基于上述內(nèi)容的研究為兩項(xiàng)權(quán)利之間沖突的化解提出了一些建議。通過法律的形式明確商譽(yù)保護(hù)的規(guī)定；嚴(yán)格規(guī)范企業(yè)名稱權(quán)使用制度；強(qiáng)化在商品或服務(wù)中商標(biāo)的識(shí)別功能；明確兩項(xiàng)權(quán)利沖突情境下的不正當(dāng)競爭行為，達(dá)到為兩項(xiàng)沖突的解決提供更加明確法律依據(jù)的目的。兩項(xiàng)權(quán)利沖突的產(chǎn)生不是一朝一夕的結(jié)果，因此兩項(xiàng)權(quán)利沖突的化解也需要一個(gè)不斷完善的過程。沖突的化解應(yīng)該以實(shí)現(xiàn)運(yùn)用兩項(xiàng)權(quán)利有序競爭為目標(biāo)，從這一目標(biāo)出發(fā)去研究兩項(xiàng)權(quán)利之間的法律沖突問題，是文中始終堅(jiān)持的理念。
[Abstract]:In the era of knowledge economy, with the development of market economy, intellectual property has been paid more and more attention to the main body of the market. It can be said that intellectual property has become the core factor for the market main body to win in the market competition. Because of the lag of law, it shows the difficult situation in the field of intellectual property rights. As the two important rights used by the market subject in the market competition, the right of word trademark and business name has been paid more and more attention by the main body of the market. At the same time, the legal conflict between the two rights of the two rights is at the same time as the market main body attaches great importance to the two rights. The main reason is that the inherent defects of the management system are mainly due to the inherent defects of the management system; the two parties carry the function of goodwill, the integration of the economic development, the limited character of Chinese characters and the approximation of the phrases, which lead to the prominence of the conflict of law of the two rights. Through the analysis of the causes of the conflicts between the two rights and interests, two items can be seen. The conflict of rights is difficult to avoid and widespread. It can be said that the conflict between the two rights has hindered the orderly development of the market. Through the analysis of the conflict of the two rights, the conflict between the two rights is roughly classified as the two conflicts caused by maliciously; the non malicious two party conflicts; the unregistered trademark rights and the unregistered trademark rights There are three categories of conflicts in the right of business names. The reason why the above classification is made is because the above three types of conflicts have their own characteristics and are easy to take different solutions to different types of conflicts. The complexity of the two conflicts of rights determines that the solution of the two party conflicts is impossible to adopt a single one solution, and should take multiple and main ways. The solution of the sub division is based on the tort liability, supplemented by the rational use system, the unjust enrichment system and the anti unfair competition system to resolve the conflict between the two parties and standardize the market competition behavior. In general, the conflict between the two parties, which is caused by maliciously, should be carried out from the angle of the constitution of the rights invading and the anti unfair competition. The regulation, the conflict between the two party conflicts and the unregistered characters and the right of the trade name, is more to use the rational use system and the unjust enrichment system. In the constitution of the tort liability, the fault liability should be taken as the liability principle, and the compromise in the causality of the causality is preferable. We should pay more attention to the illegal costs of the infringers. Pay attention to the role of the two rights in the exercise of the rational use system and the unjust enrichment system, and give full play to the role of the anti unfair competition system on the coordination of the two rights conflicts. The article first compares the differences between the two rights, and then analyzes the two rights. The causes of the conflict between the two rights are divided into three categories and the solutions to the conflicts between the two rights are further discussed. The research based on the above content puts forward some suggestions for the resolution of the conflict between the two rights. The use of the name right system; strengthen the recognition function of the trademark in the commodity or service; clear the unfair competition in the situation of the conflict of the two rights to provide more clear legal basis for the settlement of the two conflicts. The emergence of the conflict of the two rights is not the result of one day and one day, so the resolution of the conflict of the two rights also needs to be resolved The resolution of the conflict should be aimed at the realization of the orderly competition of the two rights. From this goal, the study of the conflict of laws between the two rights is the idea that the article has always adhered to.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：四川省社會(huì)科學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：D923.43

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