【摘要】：中國海警局是按照新一輪“大部制”改革方案以及《國務院機構(gòu)改革和職能轉(zhuǎn)變方案》重新組建的一個新機構(gòu),國家海洋局將以中國海警局的名義開展海上維權(quán)執(zhí)法,接受公安部的業(yè)務指導。中國海警局海上執(zhí)法權(quán)涵蓋了維護海洋權(quán)益、保障海上安全、合理地開發(fā)及利用海洋資源和保護海洋生態(tài)環(huán)境等眾多方面,是一個綜合性海上執(zhí)法機構(gòu)。雖然中國海警局雖然已經(jīng)掛牌成立,但明確其具體職責權(quán)限的方案一直未出臺,本文以中國海警局海上執(zhí)法權(quán)為題,對中國海警局海上執(zhí)法權(quán)的內(nèi)涵、屬性、具體體現(xiàn)及其與交通部海事局海上執(zhí)法權(quán)的比較等問題進行了論述。 本文第一部分主要是對中國海警局海上執(zhí)法權(quán)的界定,討論了其內(nèi)涵、性質(zhì)等基本前提性問題,并將中國海警局海上執(zhí)法權(quán)與海軍和海事局的海上執(zhí)法權(quán)進行了比較,進一步明確海警局海上執(zhí)法權(quán)與其他海上執(zhí)法機構(gòu)的界限。第二部分討論了中國海警局海上執(zhí)法權(quán)的理論依據(jù)和立法依據(jù),提出國家主權(quán)和國家海上管轄權(quán)是國家海上執(zhí)法權(quán)的權(quán)力來源和理論依據(jù),并分析了我國現(xiàn)有海上執(zhí)法的法律依據(jù),為中國海警局海上執(zhí)法權(quán)尋求相關(guān)立法依據(jù)。第三部分對中國海警局海上執(zhí)法權(quán)的具體體現(xiàn)分別進行了論述,針對海上主權(quán)保衛(wèi)權(quán),通過介紹我國黃海、東海和南海的海上爭端,討論了中國海警局在不同海域的主權(quán)保衛(wèi)權(quán)職責；針對刑事執(zhí)法權(quán),則選取了海上犯罪中的典型化案件,即走私犯罪與海盜、海上恐怖主義犯罪進行了分析；而針對行政執(zhí)法權(quán),主要介紹了中國海警局海洋環(huán)境保護、海域使用管理的監(jiān)督管理權(quán)和海洋漁業(yè)生產(chǎn)、資源保護的監(jiān)督管理權(quán)。第四部分討論了中國海警局海上執(zhí)法權(quán)的行使,筆者認為緊追權(quán)與登臨權(quán)是海上執(zhí)法的程序性權(quán)利,同時論述中國海警局海上執(zhí)法時的武力使用的合法性和使用條件。第五部分對中國海警局與中國海事局海上執(zhí)法權(quán)的協(xié)調(diào)問題進行了探討,包括保障海上安全、保護海洋環(huán)境和海上人命搜救領(lǐng)域的執(zhí)法權(quán)協(xié)調(diào)。
[Abstract]:The China Sea Police Department is a new body reconstituted in accordance with a new round of "big ministry" reform programs and the "State Council structural Reform and functional Transformation Program". The State Oceanic Administration will carry out maritime rights enforcement in the name of the China Sea Police Department. To receive business guidance from the Ministry of Public Security. The maritime law enforcement power of China Sea Police Force covers many aspects, such as safeguarding maritime rights and interests, ensuring maritime safety, reasonably exploiting and utilizing marine resources and protecting marine ecological environment, and is a comprehensive maritime law enforcement agency. Although the China Sea Police Department has been set up, but the plan to clarify its specific duties and powers has not been issued. This article focuses on the maritime law enforcement power of the China Sea Police Department, and discusses the connotation and attributes of the maritime law enforcement power of the China Sea Police Department. The concrete embodiment and the comparison between the maritime law enforcement power and the maritime law enforcement power of the Ministry of Communications and Maritime Affairs Bureau are discussed. The first part of this paper mainly defines the maritime law enforcement power of China Sea Police Department, discusses its connotation and nature, and compares the maritime law enforcement power of China Sea Police Department with the maritime law enforcement power of the Navy and Maritime Bureau. Further clarify the maritime law enforcement authority of the maritime police and other maritime law enforcement agencies. The second part discusses the theoretical and legislative basis of maritime law enforcement power of China Sea Police Department, and points out that national sovereignty and national maritime jurisdiction are the source and theoretical basis of national maritime law enforcement power. The existing legal basis of maritime law enforcement in China is analyzed, and the relevant legislative basis for maritime law enforcement power of China Sea Police Department is sought. The third part discusses the specific embodiment of maritime law enforcement power of China Sea Police Department, and introduces the maritime disputes between Huang Hai, East China Sea and South China Sea, aiming at the right of maritime sovereignty protection. This paper discusses the duty of the China Sea Police Department's sovereign right of security in different sea areas. In view of the criminal law enforcement right, the typical cases in the maritime crime, namely smuggling crime, piracy and maritime terrorism crime, are analyzed. Aiming at the power of administrative law enforcement, this paper mainly introduces the marine environment protection of China Sea Police Department, the supervision and management of sea area use and management, and the supervision and management power of marine fishery production and resource protection. The fourth part discusses the exercise of maritime law enforcement power of China Sea Police Department. The author holds that the right of tight pursuit and boarding is the procedural right of maritime law enforcement. At the same time, it discusses the legality and conditions of the use of force in the maritime law enforcement of China Sea Police Department. In the fifth part, the coordination of maritime law enforcement power between China Maritime Administration and China Sea Police Department is discussed, including the protection of maritime safety, the protection of marine environment and the coordination of law enforcement power in the field of search and rescue of human life at sea.
【學位授予單位】：大連海事大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：D922.1

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